No abstract available.
Korea* ; Tuberculosis*

No abstract available.
Korea* ; Tuberculosis*

No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Adenoma* ; Toes*

No abstract available.
Lymphatic Diseases*

Extramammary Paget's disease (EMPD) is an uncommon intraepithelial neoplasm that most commonly arises on the vulva and perianal region. Very few cases of EMPD revealing a histological Bowenoid appearance have been reported. This study describes scrotal EMPD presenting with histological features of Bowen's disease in a 79-year-old man. He presented with a 5-year history of a pruritic erythematous plaque and a verrucous papule on the scrotum. The verrucous papule histopathologically showed Bowenoid features, and the erythematous plaque demonstrated acantholytic EMPD. Immunohistochemical findings revealed strong expression for carcinoembryonic antigen, Cam 5.2, epithelial membrane antigen, cytokeratin (CK) 7, and pancytokeratin (AE1/AE3) in both areas, but negative CK20 staining, supporting the overall diagnosis of primary acantholytic anaplastic EMPD. This is the first reported case of acantholytic anaplastic EMPD in the Korean literature.
Aged ; Bowen's Disease ; Carcinoembryonic Antigen ; Carcinoma in Situ ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Keratins ; Mucin-1 ; Paget Disease, Extramammary ; Scrotum ; Vulva

A solitary fibrous tumor (SFT) is a relatively uncommon neoplasm that usually occurs in the pleura. However, SFTs are now known to affect various other anatomic sites as well, including rare examples in the skin. Cutaneous SFT is composed of uniformly spindled cells, which is classically described as a patternless feature. This tumor can mimic a variety of benign and malignant mesenchymal neoplasms. The first patient presented with a 3x3 cm sized subcutaneous nodule on the neck. Histopathologically, the biopsy specimen showed proliferation of spindle cells and epitheliod cells. Immunohistochemical stains for CD34, vimentin, bcl-2, and CD99 were strongly expressed. The second patient presented with a 1.5x1 cm sized subcutaneous nodule on the occipital area. The biopsy specimen was histopathologically consistent with SFT. Primary SFT developing on the skin is extremely rare, and only two cases have been reported in the Korean literature. SFT should be distinguished from primary spindle cell neoplasms of the skin.
Biopsy ; Coloring Agents ; Humans ; Hydrazines ; Neck ; Pleura ; Skin ; Solitary Fibrous Tumors ; Vimentin

BACKGROUND: Although the prevalence of tuberculosis infections (PTBI) is one of the basic epidemiologic indices, no survey has been carried out since 1995 because the nation-wide tuberculosis prevalence survey was changed to a surveillance system. Subjects without a BCG scar are examined in a tuberculin survey. However, it is very difficult to select these subjects under high vaccination coverage. It is important to evaluate the impact of BCG vaccinations on the tuberculin response and estimate the PTBI regardless of the BCG vaccination status. METHODS: A nation-wide, school-based cross-sectional tuberculin survey was carried out among first graders in elementary school in 2006. A total of 5,148 children in 40 schools were selected by quota sampling. Tuberculin testing with 0.1 ml of two tuberculin units of PPD RT23 was carried out on 4,018 children. The maximum transverse diameter of induration was measured 48 to 72 hours later. The presence of a BCG scar was checked separately. RESULTS: There were no BCG scars in 6.3% of the subjects. The mean induration size of tuberculin testing was 3.7+/-4.4 mm, which included 1,882 (46.8%) subjects with an induration size of 0 mm. The PTBI was 10.9% (439 subjects) using a cut-off point of > or =10 mm (conventional method). The annual risk of tuberculosis infections (ARTI) was 1.9% when the mean age of the subjects was assumed to be 6 years. There was no difference in the PTBI according to the presence or absence of a BCG scar [11.2% vs 7.6% (OR: 1.54, 95% CI: 0.98m2.43)]. Using a mirror image technique with 16 mm as the cut-off point, the PTBI and ARTI had decreased to 2.4% and 0.4% respectively. CONCLUSION: PTBI and ARTI, as estimated by conventional methods, appear to be high among BCG vaccinated children. A mirror image technique is more suitable for estimating the indices in a country with an intermediate burden of tuberculosis than the conventional method.
Child ; Cicatrix ; Humans ; Mycobacterium bovis ; Prevalence ; Tuberculin ; Tuberculin Test ; Tuberculosis ; Vaccination

BACKGROUND: Rifabutin (ansamycin) is a spiro-piperidyl rifamycin, which is highly active against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It has been found that some clinical isolates of tubercle bacilli that are resistant to rifampicin are susceptible to rifabutin, with some patients with multi-drug resistant pulmonary tuberculosis having shown favorable clinical and bacteriological responses to the rifabutin. This study was conducted to find the proportion of rifabutin- susceptible strains among rifampicin-resistant isolates from Korean MDR-TB patients, and investigate the presence of specific rpoB mutations, which may confer resistance to rifampicin, but not to rifabutin. METHODS: 201 rifampicin-resistant and 50 pan-susceptible M. tuberculosis isolates were randomly selected for this study. The isolates were retested at rifampicin and rifabutin concentrations of 0, 20, 40 and 80 microgram/ml, respectively. The isolates that grew at and/or over a rifabutin concentration of 20 microgram/ml were judged rifabutin-resistant. The rpoB gene was extracted from the isolates, and then amplified for direct sequencing to investigate specific rpoB mutations that conferred rifabutin- susceptibility but rifampicin-resistance. RESULTS: Out of the 201 rifampicin-resistant M. tuberculosis, 41 strains (20.4%) were susceptible to rifabutin using the absolute concentration method on Lowenstein-Jensen media. The rpoB mutation types that showed susceptibility to rifabutin were Leu511Pro, Ser512Arg, Gln513Glu, Asp516Ala, Asp516Gly, Asp516Val, Asp516Tyr, Ser522Leu, His526Asn, His526Leu, His526Cys, Arg529Pro and Leu533Pro. A reverse hybridization technique was able to detect 92.5% of the rifabutin-susceptible isolates, with a specificity of 96.1% among 195 M. tuberculosis isolates with the rpoB mutation. CONCLUSIONS: Around 20% of the rifampicin-resistant isolates in Korea showed susceptibility to rifabutin, which was associated with some specific mutations of rpoB. Rifabutin could be used for the treatment of MDR-TB patients, especially when drug susceptibility testing reveals susceptibility to rifabutin.
Humans ; Korea ; Mycobacterium tuberculosis ; Rifabutin ; Rifampin ; Tuberculosis ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary

No abstract available.
Animals ; Blastocyst* ; Insulin* ; Mice*