Control of tuberculosis is threatened by widesread emergence of drug resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Rifampin is a key component among therapeutic regimens for the tuberculosis; therefore patients in whom resistance to this drug develop have a poor outlook, particularly if rifampin resistance is associated with resistance to other tuberculosis drugs. The purpose of this study was to detect the mutation in rpoB gene of rifampin resistant M. tuberculosis in Korea and to evaluate the usefulness of the method in clinical aspects. A sample of 80 M. tuberculosis was studied, and it included 40 rifampin resistance isolates and 40 rifampin sensitive isolates by conventional methods. The detection method involved the amplification by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of the Rif' region and the identification of mutations by single-strand DNA conformation polymorphism analysis (SSCP) of the amplification products (157 bp). Mutation were identified in 39 of 40 rifampin resistant isolates, and in 1 of 40 rifampin sensitive isolates.
Humans ; Korea ; Mycobacterium tuberculosis* ; Mycobacterium* ; Nucleic Acid Conformation ; Polymerase Chain Reaction* ; Rifampin ; Tuberculosis

No abstract available.
Animals ; Diuresis* ; Heat-Shock Proteins ; HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins* ; Rats* ; Urinary Bladder*

No abstract available.
Pneumonia*

Edwards syndrome is first introduced by Edwards and characterized by facial anomalies, multiple cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, urogenital, and skeletal malformations. It results from triplication of part or all of chromosome 18 in some or all of the patient's cells. It has an incidence of 1 in 4,500 live births or less and short life expectancy. Recently we experienced a case of 3-day-old female new born infant with this syndrome. Post mortem examination showed progeric face with prominent occiput, large flabby ears, microphthalmia, and micrognathia, bilateral clenched hands with flexion contraction of middle fingers, and bilateral rockerbottom feet. Internal examination revealed horseshoe kidney, esophageal atresia with tracheoesophageal fistula, two accessory spleens, and multiple cardiac anomalies. A trisomy 18 was confirmed by the cytogenetic study.
Infant ; Male ; Female ; Infant, Newborn ; Humans ; Incidence

Vibrio mimicus, marine bacteria pathogenic for fish, can causes acute gastroenteritis in human. Iron limmited condition like in human body, may change the surface structure of V. mimicus. In this study we obse'rved the effect of iron limmited condition on outer membrane protein of V. mimicus. Ethylenediamine-di (O-hydroxy-phenylacetic) acid (EDDA), an iron chelator, delayed the time to reach expotential growth of V. mimicus in brain heart infusion medium from 3 hours to 20 hours. Outer membrane protein of V. mimicus-CON (cultured in BHI) and V. mimicus-EDDA (cultured in BHI contain EDDA) were seperated by 1% sarcosine from total cell envelop. SDS-PAGE of V. mimicus-EDDA and V. mimicus-CON showed similar protein profiles contain 37 kDa major protein but 86 and 90 kDa protein were induced differently. Immunological properties of above protein were determined by ELISA and western blotting. 86 kDa EDDA- specific OMP was induced in V. mimicus (isolate 96-1), V. parahaemolyticus (serotype 09), V. alginolyticus (isolate 95-1), E. coli (human isolate) and V. vulnificus ATCC 27562 in iron limmited condition.
Bacteria ; Blotting, Western ; Brain ; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Gastroenteritis ; Heart ; Human Body ; Humans ; Iron* ; Membrane Proteins ; Membranes* ; Sarcosine ; Vibrio mimicus* ; Vibrio*

No abstract available.
Facial Asymmetry* ; Prognathism*

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Primary intervention by stent implantation during acute myocardial infarction is a novel strategy to provide better myocardial perfusion compared to thrombolysis or baloon angioplasty. We aimed to assess the reperfusion achieved by primary stenting, employing TIMI frame count for more objective and quantitative measurement. MATERIALS AND METHOD: Measurements for number of frames required to opacify standardized angiographic landmark branch(TIMI frame count) were determined for the coronary arteries of 77 normal controls and 65 patients with acute myocardial infarction who underwent primary stenting within 12 hours of symptom onset. RESULTS: In normal subjects, TIMI frame count for left anterior descending artery(LAD) was 1.3 times of mean count of right coronary artery(RCA) and left circumflex artery(LCx), and significant less than that of TIMI study(22.3+/-4.9 vs 36.2+/-2.6, p<0.05). TIMI frame count for RCA and LCx was similar to results of TIMI study. In infarct related arteries(IRA), corrected TIMI frame count(CTFC) after primary stenting was similar to those of normal control. Frame counts of RCA was larger compared to that of normal control, but statistically insignificant(23.0+/-7.5 vs 17.6+/-3.5, p>0.05). There was no difference of CTFC of non-infarct related arteries between patients and normal controls. CONCLUSION: The TIMI frame count of LAD artery in normal Korean subjects was significantly less than that of American counterpart. In patients with acute myocardial infarction, primary stenting appeared to provide improved coronary flow similar to that observed in normal subjects, as measured by TIMI frame counting.
Angioplasty ; Arteries ; Coronary Vessels ; Humans ; Myocardial Infarction* ; Perfusion ; Reperfusion ; Stents*

No abstract available.
Catheters*

A retrospective study was conducted to investigate the effects of CNS prophylaxis with 1,800 cGy cranial irradiation on standing height growth of children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Seventeen longterm survivors (DFS over 5 years ) of ALL and Non-Hodgkins Lymphoma who had been admitted at pediatric department of Inje University Seoul Paik Hospital from January 1982 to September 1988 were studied. The long term survivors were divided into two groups by prophylactic treatment modality; intrathecal chemotherapy alone (Group I, 7 cases), intrathecal chemotherapy with cranial irradiation (Group II, 10 cases). The heights of each groups were compared normal standard growth of the sane aged children by mean SD score (The SD score was calculated with the use of the following formula). SD score=(x-x)/SD (x; height measurement, x; mean height for age of the normal population SD; standard deviation). The results were as follows; 1) The mean SD scores of Group I and Group II at diagnosis were -0.30 and -0.17, which were smaller than height of normal child. 2) In Group 1, the mean SD scores after the end of treatment were -0.14 of 1 year, 0.03 at 2 years and 0.01 at 5 years, which suggests that were normal height velocity and catch-up growth in these patients (P<0.05). The height of 1 year after the beginning of treatment were particularly smaller than that of the normal children (P<0.05). 3) The mean SD scores 5 years after the end of treatment were 0.10 in Group I and -0.17 in Group II, which shows strong tendency to statistical difference among these two groups. If larger numbers of patients are evaluated, it, however, may turn significant. In conclusion, 1,800 cGy cranial irradiation in ALL children significantly affects on height growth. We recommend to evaluate growth hormone for patient with 1,800 cGy cranial irradiation and to treat them with growth hormone.
Child* ; Cranial Irradiation* ; Diagnosis ; Drug Therapy ; Growth Hormone ; Humans ; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma ; Retrospective Studies ; Seoul ; Survivors

Control of tuberculosis is threatened by widespread emergence of drug resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Understanding the molecular basis of resistance might lead to development of novel rapid methods for diagnosing drug resistance. Rifampin is a key component among therapeutic regimens for the tuberculosis; therefore, patients who have drug resistance do not convalesce satisfactorily. The molecular mechanism of resistance to rifampin in M. tuberulosis has been elucidated. Substitutions of a limited number of highly conserved amino acids encoded by the rpoB gene are responsible for the ""single-step"" high-level resistance of M. tuberculosis to rifampin. Currently, two genotype-based protocols allow drug test from minimally grown cultured materials: (i)mutation identification by direct sequencing of PCR-amplified material. and (ii)mutation screening by PCR-SSCP. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the usefulness of the both methods. A sample of 75 isolates of M. tuberculosis was studied, and it inculded 36 rifampin-resistant strains and 39 rifampin-sensitive strains by conventional methods. Mutaions were identified in 36 rifampin-resistant isolates but in none of 39 sensitive isolates. All mutations were clustered within a region of 23 amino acids. Both methods allow detection of rifampin resistance in 2 to 3 days and will thus help in the early management of infection by M. tuberculosis.
Amino Acids ; Drug Resistance ; Humans ; Mass Screening ; Mycobacterium tuberculosis* ; Mycobacterium* ; Rifampin ; Tuberculosis