PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the phenotype of conjunctival epithelial cells auto-cultivated in vivo on human amniotic membrane (CIVAMs) in rabbits for ocular surface reconstruction. METHODS: A fornix based-conjunctival flap 8 mm in diameter was made in 12 eyes of rabbits. Amniotic membrane was implanted into the conjunctival defects. Rabbit conjunctival epithelial cells were cultivated in vivo on amniotic membrane for a week. A frozen section was made of the excised specimen. To investigate the phenotype of CIVAMs, Hematoxylin-eosin staining, immunohistochemical staining to anti-MUC5AC (monoclonal antibody to conjunctival goblet cell mucin), and transmission electron microscopy were performed. RESULTS In 11 of 12 eyes, conjunctival epithelial cells grew successfully on amniotic membrane. Light microscopy demonstrated two to three layers of cuboidal epithelial cells and two to three layers of stratified epithelial cells in CIVAMs. CIVAMs exhibited non-goblet epithelial differentiation as determined by immunohistochemistry to anti-MUC5AC. Transmission electron microscopy of CIVAMs showed fine structure similar to that of normal conjunctival epithelial cells. CONCLUSIONS: CIVAMs showed morphological findings similar to normal conjunctival epithelial cells and are expected to accomplish more rapid reconjunctivalization than simple amniotic membrane transplantation. We expect that CIVAMs will be adopted in treating conjunctival burn, symblepharon, conjunctiva-scleral ulcer, and filtering bleb leakage with conjunctival defects.
Amnion* ; Blister ; Burns ; Epithelial Cells* ; Frozen Sections ; Goblet Cells ; Humans* ; Immunohistochemistry ; Microscopy ; Microscopy, Electron, Transmission ; Phenotype ; Rabbits* ; Ulcer

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the phenotype of conjunctival epithelial cells auto-cultivated in vivo on human amniotic membrane (CIVAMs) in rabbits for ocular surface reconstruction. METHODS: A fornix based-conjunctival flap 8 mm in diameter was made in 12 eyes of rabbits. Amniotic membrane was implanted into the conjunctival defects. Rabbit conjunctival epithelial cells were cultivated in vivo on amniotic membrane for a week. A frozen section was made of the excised specimen. To investigate the phenotype of CIVAMs, Hematoxylin-eosin staining, immunohistochemical staining to anti-MUC5AC (monoclonal antibody to conjunctival goblet cell mucin), and transmission electron microscopy were performed. RESULTS In 11 of 12 eyes, conjunctival epithelial cells grew successfully on amniotic membrane. Light microscopy demonstrated two to three layers of cuboidal epithelial cells and two to three layers of stratified epithelial cells in CIVAMs. CIVAMs exhibited non-goblet epithelial differentiation as determined by immunohistochemistry to anti-MUC5AC. Transmission electron microscopy of CIVAMs showed fine structure similar to that of normal conjunctival epithelial cells. CONCLUSIONS: CIVAMs showed morphological findings similar to normal conjunctival epithelial cells and are expected to accomplish more rapid reconjunctivalization than simple amniotic membrane transplantation. We expect that CIVAMs will be adopted in treating conjunctival burn, symblepharon, conjunctiva-scleral ulcer, and filtering bleb leakage with conjunctival defects.
Amnion* ; Blister ; Burns ; Epithelial Cells* ; Frozen Sections ; Goblet Cells ; Humans* ; Immunohistochemistry ; Microscopy ; Microscopy, Electron, Transmission ; Phenotype ; Rabbits* ; Ulcer

PURPOSE: A wide variety of surgical materials have been used for blepharoptosis such as catgut, silicone, 4-0 nylon polyfilament cable-type ophthalmic suture (Supramid(R)), autogenous tendon (palmaris longus),banked sclera, dura mater, fascia lata, and temporalis fascia. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of frontalis suspensory surgery with temporalis fascia. METHODS: The authors studied 91 frontalis slings (71 patients) performed from 1993 to 1999 at our hospital for repair of blepharoptosis. Results with temporalis fascia (group A) as the suspensory material were compared to those with autogenous (group B) and preserved (group C) fascia lata. RESULTS: The success rates of group A (31 lids 21 patients), group B (28 lids 24 patients), group C (32lids 26 patients) were 80.6%, 75%, 78.1% respectively. But there was no statistically significant difference in each groups (P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: We concluded that temporalis fascia for frontalis sling could be used as suspensory material successfully. Moreover, long term and further evaluations must be considered.
Blepharoptosis ; Catgut ; Dura Mater ; Fascia Lata ; Fascia* ; Nylons ; Sclera ; Silicones ; Sutures ; Tendons

PURPOSE: To investigate the effect of focal and grid pattern PASCAL photocoagulation treatment in diabetic macular edema patients. METHODS: A total of 72 patients (75 eyes) who were diagnosed as diabetic macular edema were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into 3 groups as follows: group 1 (31 patients, 31 eyes) received an intravitreal bevacizumab injection, group 2 (17 patients, 20 eyes) underwent focal and grid pattern PASCAL photocoagulation treatment, and group 3 (24 patients, 24 eyes) underwent focal and grid pattern argon photocoagulation treatment. Macular thickness and visual acuity (logMAR) of 75 eyes were compared among groups before and after treatments. RESULTS: Visual acuity improved in 13 eyes (65.0%) in group 1, 16 eyes (51.6%) in group 2, and in 10 eyes (41.6%) in group 3; however, there was no statistical significance. Macular thickness reduction occurred in 24 eyes (77.4%) in group 1 and 13 eyes (65.0%) in group 2 which were statistically significant decreases at only 1 month after treatment (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Focal and grid pattern PASCAL photocoagulation is a good therapeutic option for diabetic macular edema. Focal and grid pattern PASCAL photocoagulation is as effective as intravitreal bevacizumab injection or focal and grid pattern argon photocoagulation treatment.
Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized ; Argon ; Eye ; Humans ; Light Coagulation ; Macular Edema ; Retrospective Studies ; Visual Acuity ; Bevacizumab

No abstract available.
Longevity* ; Scrub Typhus*

No abstract available.
Free Tissue Flaps* ; Head and Neck Neoplasms* ; Head*

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effect of unilateral blepharoptosis repair on contralateral eyelid position. METHODS: The medical records of 39 patients who had undergone unilateral blepharoptosis repair were reviewed for preoperative and postoperative margin reflex distance (MRD). RESULTS: Of the 39 patients, 28 (71.8%) had congenital ptosis and 11 (28.2%) revealed acquired ptosis. Twenty-two (56.4%) patients were male and 17 (43.6%) were female. Ages ranged from 3 to 55 years (mean 15.3+/-20.1 years). After unilateral blepharoptosis repair, the postoperative mean (+/-SD) change in MRD of nonoperated eye was -0.3+/-0.7 mm at week one, -0.3+/-0.6 mm at three months, and -0.2+/-0.7 mm at six months. CONCLUSIONS: After unilateral blepharoptosis repair, 35.9% of patients had a decrease in contralateral eyelid height at postoperative 3 months and amount of decrease was 0.2+/-0.7 mm.
Blepharoptosis ; Eye ; Eyelids ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Medical Records ; Reflex

PURPOSE: Over the past several decades, the survival rates of low birth weight(LBW; birth weight <2,500 g) infants have been improving. Many of these infants have had bronchial asthma(BA) at childhood and aldolescence. The aim of this study is to investigate whether LBW influenced the severity of BA in prealdolescent children and aldolescence by a retrospective case control study. METHODS: 15 LBW children(1,500 g Adolescent ; Asthma* ; Birth Weight ; Case-Control Studies ; Child* ; Humans ; Hypersensitivity ; Immunoglobulin E ; Infant ; Infant, Low Birth Weight* ; Infant, Newborn ; Methacholine Chloride ; Parturition ; Reference Values ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Survival Rate

We analyzed the optic nerve head of 180 normal eyes (male 107 eyes,female 73 eyes) of Korean with Heidelberg Retina Tomograph (HRT), and obtained the mean value of each parameters and the difference between men and women with use of HRT. We also studied the distribution of the values of each parameter and influence of age on optic disc parameters in normal Korean. In addition, for the parameters of Rim/Disc area ratio, we measured the mean value in 6 divisions of optic nerve head. The range of each values was distributed widely and there were many variations in optic nerve head parameters. Height variation contour was statistically different between men and women. Cup volume and Maximal cup depth increased statistically with age. Further evaluation will be needed to analyze more accurate and highly reproducible analysis.
Female ; Humans ; Male ; Optic Disk* ; Optic Nerve* ; Retina*

We investigated the effects of 1%brinzolamide on intraocular pressure (IOP)and peripapillary and optic nerve head (ONH)microcirculation with Heidelberg Retina Flowmeter (HRT)in primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and ocular hypertension. Primary open-angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension patients (60 eyes 60 person)were divided into 2 groups named A and B.In group A, patients had 1%brinzolamide and beta-blocker (30 eyes 30 person).In group B, patients had beta-blocker only (30 eyes 30 person).IOP and peripapillary and ONH microcirculation were measured before, 1 week, 2 weeks, 1 month, and 3 months after instillation and adverse effects were monitored. In group A, the rate of IOP decrease was 15.5%at 8:00 AM after 1 week of instillation, 17.6%at 4:00 PM after 1 week of instillation, 20.8%at 8:00 AM after 3 months of instillation, 20.8%at 4:00PM after 3 months of instillation, which were statistically significant.The adverse effects were rare including bitter tasting (3 eyes), transient visual disturbance (2 eyes), foreign body sensation (1 eye), etc.But there was no stastically significant change of microcirculation in both groups (P>0.05). We concluded that 1%brinzolamide had good effect for IOP decrease as an adjuvant medication to the beta-blocker.Moreover, long term and further evaluations are considered to be necessary.
Flowmeters ; Foreign Bodies ; Glaucoma, Open-Angle* ; Humans ; Intraocular Pressure ; Microcirculation ; Ocular Hypertension* ; Optic Disk ; Retina ; Sensation