No abstract available.
Anus, Imperforate* ; Perineum* ; Ultrasonography*

One of the most interesting subjects in the field of dermatology has become the clarifying of the action mechanism of various drugs in promoting skin permeability in regard to their usefulness or harmfulness to various skin diseases. Although dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) detergents and propylene glycol were well known as having a promoting effect on the skin permeability, but the exact action mechanism of them was still unknown because of difficulty in methodology. So an attempt to clarify the action mechanism and find out the differences in the mode of action between them have been made by using frog skin, which has been used in research for the 'membrane transport', during past but having complex structures i.e. soley as 'skin' in this study was done. Abdominal skin was removed from frogs, Rana nigromaculata, captured on the area of Kyung Ki Do. In a series of experimental procedures about effect of experimental agents, short circuit current (SCC) as an estimate of net flux of sodium transport and potential difference (PD) was measured by the method of Ussing and Zerahn(1951). And changes of SCC and PD was observed during treatment with bathing mediums which contained agents and maintained iso-osmorality by varying amount of sodium chloride. These were compared including the effect of concentration of each experimental agent. The experimental agents used were DMSO and various detergent, i.e., sodium lauryl sulphate(SLS): anionic detergent, benzalkonium chloride (BAC): cationic detergents, and 'Tween-80: nonionic detergents. Results obtained are summarized on the followings. 1. The promoting effect of the sodium lauryl sulphate on the active sodium transport was reached to maximum within 10 to 20 min and was present until 40 min. after bathing with it, and thereafter, sodium transport was inhibited irreversibly at the both sides of the frog skin. And the maximal promoting effect of the SLS induced by increasing concentration had relationship in such a way on the saturation curve. 2. The active sodium transport was always increased on the inside of the frog skin after bathing with benzalkonium chloride (BAC) and in spite of changing of bathing medium with Ringer's solution, the active sodium transport was steadiIy increased even beyond the effect of BAC except temporally decreasing just after the bathing with Riger's solution. But the frog skin died within 20 min. at the outside after bathing with BAC. 3. Tween-80 brought about reversible reaction increasing the active sodium transport across the frog skin at the inside after bathing. And it seemed to be parallel to the degree of tle coneentration of it. 4. The effect of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) on the active sodium transport across the frog skin was altered seasonaly, i.e., promoting sodium transport during the summer months hut inhibiting it during the winter months. So it was suggested that the action of DMSO on the sodium transport depends on the metabolic rates of the frog skin and the action differed from that of ADH hormone which promotes the sodium transports only in winter months. Also the effect of the DMSO differed from various detergents in view of seasonal variation and reversibility of the action of it. From the above resu]ts, this experimental method should be used more preferably using isolated frog skin in the research for clarifying the action mechanisms of the various other drugs in skin permeability.
Baths ; Benzalkonium Compounds ; Dermatology ; Detergents ; Dimethyl Sulfoxide ; Permeability* ; Propylene Glycol ; Ranidae ; Seasons ; Skin Diseases ; Skin* ; Sodium ; Sodium Chloride

PURPOSE: For the synthesis of surfactant protein(SP) peptides and production of next generation artificial pulmonary surfactant(PS), we have isolated SP-B, C from bovine PS, and studied the biochemical properties and amino acid sequences of these protein-peptides. METHODS: Crude surfactant and purified surfactant were isolated from materials extracted from the bovine lung lavage. The hydrophobic SP-B, C were purified by Sephadex LH 60 column chromatography from PS. The purities of SP-B, C were assessed by tricine buffer SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and the amino acid sequences of these proteins were determined using Beckman PI-2090. RESULTS: The molecular weights of SP-B, C shown in SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis were as follows; 15,000-18,000(oligomer) Da for SP-B, 3,500-5,000 Da for SP-C. The amino acid sequences were; FPIPLPYCWL LRTLIKKIQA VIPKGVLAMT VAQCHVVPL LVGGIQQLV IEYSVILLTD TLLGRLPNLV CGLRLRCSG in SP-B, LIPCCPVNIK RLLIVVVVVV LLVVVIVGAL LMGL in SP-C, respectively. These results indicated that the amino acid sequences of bovine SPs were different. CONCLUSION: The SP-B, C were purified from bovine PS, and amino acid sequences of SP-B, C were determined. Further studies are needed for the development and use of next generations of exogenous PS preparation based on synthetic SP-peptides for the treatment of neonatal RDS in the future.
Amino Acid Sequence* ; Bronchoalveolar Lavage ; Chromatography ; Electrophoresis ; Family Characteristics ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Molecular Weight ; Peptides ; Pulmonary Surfactants*

No abstract available.
Constriction, Pathologic* ; Intestinal Atresia*

Clinical electrophysiological studies(EPS) were done in seven patients with chronic recurrent sustained ventricular tachycardia(VT) in an attempt to delineate the reproducibility and to select the effective antiarrhythmic drugs for the prevention of the recurrence of VT. We could induce and terminate the sustained VT, and could select the effective antiarrhythmic drugs in all patient in the cardiac catheterization laboratory with EPS. With these effective antiarrhythmic drugs VT did not recur for the follow up period of 15 to 20 months. In view of the serious nature of the VT and the demonstrated benefits of EPS, we could conclude that patients with chronic recurrent sustained VT should undergo EPS.
Anti-Arrhythmia Agents ; Cardiac Catheterization ; Cardiac Catheters ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Recurrence ; Tachycardia, Ventricular*

BACKGROUND: Several keratolytic agents have been used in many dirmatologic conditions such as callus, keratosis palmaris of plantaris, however the evaluation method of the effects of keratolytiic agents has not been good enough in clinical use. OBJECT: We have conducted an investigation to measure the effect of several keratolytic agents using an in vitro model. METHOD: We measured the fegraded protein of keratin by the bui iet method after adding enzymes such as trypsin, pepsin and papain, and irritants, salicylic acid and sodii m lauryl sulfate to the collected callus. RESULT: The order of the keratolytic effect of the enzymes was trypsir >pepsin>papain. It was difficult to detect the keratolytic effect of salicylic acid becaues of color hiidrance and there was an increasing tendency of keratolyti effect of sodium lauryl sulfate, however it was prominent mainly at a high concentration. CONCLUSION: These results suggested that the potency of similar types of keratolytic enzymes such as pepsin, trypsin and papain can be possible. However it was not such a sitable model to check the potency of the keratolytic effect of salicylic acid and the eoncentration tevel may be an important factor for certain kinds of chemicals such as sodium lauryl sulfate.
Bony Callus ; Irritants* ; Keratolytic Agents ; Keratosis ; Papain ; Pepsin A ; Salicylic Acid ; Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate ; Trypsin

Wallerian degeneration is well known as the anterograde degeneration of axon and their accompanying myelin sheath from injury to the proximal portion of the axon or its cell body. The most common cause of wallerian degeneration is cerebral infarction. Authors experienced three patients with old hemispheric infarct with typical wallerian degeneration in the brain stem, which was demonstrated by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in two cases and CT in one case. This report demonstrates the wallerian degeneration in the corticospinal tract on the MRI and CT with the brief review of the literatures.
Axons ; Brain Stem ; Brain* ; Cell Body ; Cerebral Infarction ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Myelin Sheath ; Pyramidal Tracts ; Wallerian Degeneration*

No abstract available.
Catheters* ; Drainage* ; Pancreatic Pseudocyst*

No abstract available.
Bile* ; Biliary Tract Diseases* ; Biliary Tract*

A 6(1/2)-year-old girl developed recurrent cholangitis following hepatic portoenterostomy for biliary atresia. Computed tomogram showed an ovoid cyst (4.5 x 4.0 cm in size) in the left hepatic lobe and another tubular dilatation (2.0 x 0.8 cm in size) in the right hepatic lobe. Percutaneous transhepatic cholangio-drainage (PTCD) with cystogram showed an ovoid cyst in the left hepatic lobe (Tsuchida type A), measuring 6.6 x 5.0 cmin size. She became afebrile and anicteric with aid of PTCD and parenteral antibiotics. However she continued to drain 45-150 cc of bile per day via the tube for over 2 weeks. Then she successfully underwent intrahepatic cystojejunostomy with guidance of intraoperative ultrasonography. This case illustrates relapsing cholangitis caused by Tsuchida type A intrahepatic cyst, which was successfully managed with PTCD followed by internal drainage procedure.
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Bile ; Biliary Atresia* ; Cholangitis ; Dilatation ; Drainage ; Female ; Humans ; Portoenterostomy, Hepatic ; Ultrasonography