No abstract available.
Finite Element Analysis* ; Plastics* ; Titanium*

No abstract available.
Masticatory Muscles* ; Trismus*

In Korea, all domestic made test systems for detecting antibodies in HIV-1 contain the antigens from human immunodeficiency type 1 (HIV-1) subtype B. However, because HIV-1 subtype O is significantly different in amino acid sequences from all other subtypes of HIV-1, there has been a need for developing a test for detecting antibodies in subtype O. For this purpose, the entire nucleotide sequence corresponding to the extracellular domain of the transmembrane glycoprotein of HIV-1 subtype O was synthesized with consideration of Escherichia coli cordon usage. Various regions of the extracellular domain were cloned into E. coli expression vectors and tested for levels of protein production. The nucleotide sequence, named ECTM, that can encode a 129 amino acid-long peptide, was found to be expressed at a high level in E. coli. The protein of approximately 17 kDa specifically reacted with sera from individuals infected with HIV-1 subtype O. The ECTM protein was purified to near homogeneity by the CM-T gel chromatography, using concentrated, denatured inclusion bodies. In Western blot analysis, the purified viral antigen reacted with sera from individuals infected with subtype O more efficiently than subtype B. The enzyme linked immunoabsorbent assay (ELISA) system was developed using the subtype O viral protein and compared with the commercially available kit lacking the antigens from subtype O. The ELISA kit containing the subtype O antigen ECTM alone efficiently reacted with sera from individuals infected with subtype O. The subtype O antigen-containing kit produced a positive absorbence even when sera were diluted 512-fold, suggesting a high sensitivity. The commercially available kit also reacted with subtype O sera, but produced a negative result at a dilution of 8-fold. Our results suggest that the currently available kit may not be able to efficiently detect subtype O sera and that the viral protein developed in this study may be added to the current system to maximize the detection of sera from individuals infected with subtype O.
Amino Acid Sequence ; Antibodies ; Base Sequence ; Blotting, Western ; Chromatography, Gel ; Clone Cells ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Escherichia coli ; Glycoproteins ; HIV* ; HIV-1* ; Humans* ; Inclusion Bodies ; Korea ; O Antigens

No abstract available.
Androgen-Insensitivity Syndrome* ; Male

No abstract available.
Androgen-Insensitivity Syndrome* ; Male

BACKGROUND: Natural moisturizing factors such as sodium pyrrolidone carboxylic acid and lactic acid may play an important role in increasing the moisture retention of isolated stratum corneum and reducing the incidence of dry and flaky skin in vivo. Although the precise mechanism of surfactant irritancy is not fully understood, it has been suggested that barrier dysfunction of stratum corneum by surfactants results in skin changes such as scaling, erythema, and even fissuring. OBJECTIVE: We evaluated the effect of sodium pyrrolidone carboxylic acid(NaPCA) and lactic acid(LA) with several non-invasive measuring methods in the irritated skin reaction induced by sodium lauryl sulphate (SLS) in normal persons and atopic dermatitis patients. METHODS: After skin irritation for 24 hours with patch test of 1% SLS on five volar sites of right forearm, we applied nothing(A), 3% LA+3% NaPCA(B), 3% LA(C), 3% NaPCA(D), and vehi cle(E) twice a day respectively. Visual score, transepidermal water loss(TEWL), water holding capa city(WHC), and erythema index were measured at 30 min, 24hr, 48hr and 72hr after patch removal. RESULTS: 1. After 72hr, the visual scores of B and C were significantly lower than that of A(control) in atopic dermatitis patients, and that of C in normal persons was significantly lower than that of A, D, and E. 2. TEWL values of B and C in both the normal (after 72hr) and atopic dermatitis group (after 48hr and 72hr) were significantly lower than that of A. 3. WHC values of B, C, D in both the normal and atopic dermatitis group were significantly higher than that of A after 48hr and 72hr. 4. After 72hr, erythema indices by Mexameter of B, C, and D in both the normal and atopic dermatitis group were significantly lower than that of A and values of C were significantly lower than that of E. In the atopic dermatitis group, values of D were also significantly lower than that of E. 5. The mean visual score was significantly correlated with TEWL value and erythema index of Mexameter (r=0.58, r=0.64) and the TEWL value was significantly correlated with erythema index of Mexameter (r=0.64). CONCLUSION: These results suggest that topical application of a moisturizing factor might improve the surfactant-induced disruption of permeability barrier with improvement of the water holding capacity of the stratum corneum.
Dermatitis, Atopic* ; Erythema ; Forearm ; Humans ; Incidence ; Lactic Acid* ; Patch Tests* ; Permeability ; Skin* ; Sodium* ; Surface-Active Agents

The hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) is characterized by microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia and acute renal failure. Microvascular thromboses in HUS may involve intestine, pancreas, skeletal muscle, and heart. Microinfarcts in the pancreas may cause acute pancreatitis and rarely insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Acute pancreatitis is a relatively common complication of HUS in children, but rare (2%) in adults. We have experienced a 43 year-old woman with HUS complicating acute pancreatitis. She presented with hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia and acute renal failure. During hemodialysis, she complained of left side abdominal and back pain. On laboratory study, levels of serum amylase and lipase were elavated. The size and shape of pancreas was normal on abdominal ultrasonography and computed tomography. We present this case with a review of literature.
Acute Kidney Injury ; Adult ; Amylases ; Anemia, Hemolytic ; Back Pain ; Child ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 ; Female ; Heart ; Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome* ; Humans ; Intestines ; Lipase ; Muscle, Skeletal ; Pancreas ; Pancreatitis* ; Renal Dialysis ; Thrombocytopenia ; Thrombosis ; Ultrasonography

Reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome (RCVS) is characterized by severe headaches with or without other acute neurological symptoms, and diffuse segmental constriction of cerebral arteries that resolves spontaneously within 3 months. A 44-year-old woman underwent heart transplantation due to primary amyloidosis with heart involvement. She started to have a seizure after three hours after the heart transplantation, and her consciousness was not recovered. Computed tomography and transcranial doppler sonography were used to diagnose RCVS, and contracted vessels were recovered after oral nimodipine administration.
Adult ; Amyloidosis ; Cerebral Arteries ; Consciousness ; Constriction ; Female ; Headache ; Heart Transplantation* ; Heart* ; Humans ; Nimodipine ; Seizures ; Ultrasonography, Doppler, Transcranial ; Vasoconstriction*

Primary papillary serous carcinoma of the peritoneum(PPSCP) is vere rare. It has been suggested that PPSCP derives from embryonal coelomic epithelium with m llerian ducts potential. PPSCP can develop from a single or multicentric focus. The clinical and histologic disease entities are similar to those of primary papillary serous carcinoma of the ovary, but PPSCP involves the ovarian surface only minimally(microscopic disease) or spares the ovaries entirely. We have experienced a case of primary papillary serous carcinoma of the peritoneum and report this case with brief review of the concerned literature.
Epithelium ; Female ; Ovary ; Peritoneum*

Cerebral infarction is a known complication of temporal lobe herniation caused by a traumatic intracranial lesion. To ascertain the frequency, time of recognition, and influence on mortality of posttraumatioc cerebral infarction secondary to temporal lobe herniation, we retrospectively reviewed brain CT scans and clinical records of 55 patients who had CT and clinical signs of temporal lobe herniation on admission date. Cerbral infarctions were recognized in seven (12.7%) patients on CT scans taken within two days after admission (mean: 1.3 days). Cerbral infarctions were in the terrtiories of the posterior cerbral artery in all seven patients, two of whom had infarctions of the anterior choroidal artery as well. Mortality (71.4%) for these seven patients was not statistically significant from that (50%) of patients without cerebral infarction admitted with the same range of Glasgow Coma Scale score. The result suggests that such cerebral infarction does not greatly influence atient's mortality.
Arteries ; Brain ; Cerebral Infarction* ; Choroid ; Craniocerebral Trauma* ; Glasgow Coma Scale ; Head* ; Humans ; Infarction ; Mortality ; Retrospective Studies ; Temporal Lobe* ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed