Chondroma is a benign tumor composed of mature hyaline cartilage. Most chondroms are centrally located in bone, and such tumors are called "enchondromas", and comprise 90% of the tumors arising in the skeleton of the hand. Twenty nine patients were admitted to the Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine with enchondroma of the hand during a period of 10 years from January 1979 to December 1988. The analysis of results of these patients are as follows. l. Among 29 patients 10 were male, 19 patients were female. 2. The mean age was 26.3 years, range 3 to 61 years. 3. Enchondromal occured most frequently in patient between 10 and 30 years of age. 4. The proximal phalanx was the most commonly involved site by the middle phalanx and metacarpal 5. The ulna three fingers were more often afflicted than the radial two. 6. Among 29 patients, 7 were treated by excision, 18 by curettage and autobone graft, 4 pathologic fractures by curettage, autobone graft after open reduction and internal fixation with Kirschner wire. 7. There were no recurrence, except 1 suspicious recurrence for 8 month later.
Chondroma ; Curettage ; Female ; Fingers ; Fractures, Spontaneous ; Hand ; Humans ; Hyaline Cartilage ; Male ; Orthopedics ; Recurrence ; Skeleton ; Transplants ; Ulna

No abstract available.
Spondylolisthesis*

Nineteen patients with twenty six fingers were admitted to the Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine with Zone II flexor tendon injury of the fingers during a period of 9 years from January 1980 to December 1988. 17 cases received free tendon graft and 9 cases received staged tendon graft. The result of long term follow-up of these patients are as follows. 1. The interval from tendon injury to tendon graft did not influence the operational result. 2. The main factor influencing operational result was flexion deformity whieh was in turn deeply related to preoperational passive range of motion. 3. Due to the relative anatomic simplicity, the thumb had better results after treatment than the other fingers. 4. Satisfactory results were obtained with free tendon graft in most of the Pre-operational Grade I group, good soft tissue without scarring or joint contracture, whereas in the Grade II group and above, complicated with scarring, joint damage or nerve injury, free tendon graft resulted only in 33 % success. 5. In Grade II group and above, free tendon graft resulted only in 33% success whereas 71% of staged tendon graft resulted in good or excellent results. This suggested that staged tendon graft had better operational results than free tendon graft in cases of severe tendon injury.
Cicatrix ; Clinical Study ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Contracture ; Fingers ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Joints ; Orthopedics ; Range of Motion, Articular ; Tendon Injuries ; Tendons ; Thumb ; Transplants

Three anopheline mosquitoes in Korea were studied for their abilities as vectors for Plasmodium vivax. The female mosquitoes of Anopheles lesteri, An. pullus and An. sinensis were allowed to suck malaria patient blood until fully fed, and they were then bred for 2 weeks to develop from malaria parasites to sporozoites. The result from the above confirmed the sporozoites in one An. lesteri of one individual and five An. sinensis of six individuals. We also reconfirmed that An. sinensis was the main vector to transmit malaria and An. lesteri as well as An. sinensis were able to carry Korean malaria parasites. Therefore, we propose that diversified study is needed to manage malaria projects.
Adult ; Animals ; Culicidae/*parasitology/*physiology ; Female ; Humans ; *Insect Vectors ; Korea ; Malaria/parasitology/transmission ; Male ; *Plasmodium vivax

A clinical review of 31 cases of multiple myeloma which were diagnosed by criteria of the SWOG between May 1983 and February 1990 at Yeungnam University Hospital was done. The results were as followings: 1. The peak incidence was in 7th decade and male to female ratio was 1.8:1. 2. The most common presenting symptom at first diagnosis was bone pain (58%), but fever, dyspnea, dizziness and palpable mass were also noted. 3. The distribution of laboratory findings as following diagnostic criteria of Southwest oncology group (SWOG): Plasmacytoma on tissue biopsy was noted 6 cases, bone marrow plasmacytosis with more than 10% plasma cells was 22 cases, monoclonal globulin spike on serum electrophoresis was 24 cases, lytic bone lesions was observed 22 cases. 4. Initial clinical stages were classified as 2 cases in stage I, 3 cases in stage II, 26 cases in stage III (84%). 5. Immunoelectrophoresis revealed the distribution of IgG 64%, light chain 22%, IgA 10%, Kappa to Lambda ratio of 1.1:1. 6. Hematologic & biochemical findings revealed anemia with <8.5% of hemoglobin in 42%, hypercalcemia with <10.6 mg% of serum calcium in 22%, azotemia >2.0 mg% of serum creatinine in 19%. 7. The multiple punched out lesion of bone x-ray examination were noticed skull (65%), rib (42%), L-spine (35%), pelvis (23%), T-spine (19%). The initial skeletal roentgenographic findings showed osteoporosis, osteolytic lesion and fracture in 55%, only osteolytic lesion in 23%, only osteoporosis in 10%. 8. Complications of multiple myeloma, such as 10 cases of renal impairment, 8 cases of infection, 16 cases of compression fracture of spine were observed.
Anemia ; Azotemia ; Biopsy ; Bone Marrow ; Calcium ; Clinical Study* ; Creatinine ; Diagnosis ; Dizziness ; Dyspnea ; Electrophoresis ; Female ; Fever ; Fractures, Compression ; Humans ; Hypercalcemia ; Immunoelectrophoresis ; Immunoglobulin A ; Immunoglobulin G ; Incidence ; Male ; Multiple Myeloma* ; Osteoporosis ; Pelvis ; Plasma Cells ; Plasmacytoma ; Ribs ; Skull ; Spine

The spinal fusion is used for correcting malformations, stabilizing unstable segments, and suppressing the progression of disease, but it causes more load on the adjacent segment and as a result, the degenerative changes accelerate. Furthermore, the accelerated changes case spinal stenosis, degradation of nucleus pulposus, degenerative spondylolisthesis, acquired isthmus defect, and arthritis of articular facet, it rarely needs surgical treatment. The purpose of this study is to know the effect of the fusion level and range on the adjacent segment, to be a standard for determining the fusion range prior to operation, and to help to find the complication like degenerative changes by measuring the range of motion on the adjacent segment after the spinal fusion. Authors analyzed the result of 29 cases of posterolateral lumbar spinal fusion which were operated from February 1989 and January 1994. The intervertebral angle was measured on the flexion and extension lateral radiographs, and the calculated angular motion and sagittal plane rotation at follow-up periods were compared with those of preoperative values. The results were as follows; 1. Among the adjacent segm0ent, the increment of angular motion of superior adjacent segment was 2.6°(-5°~15°) which was higher than that of inferior one with 1.5°(-3°~7°) 2. The increment of angular motion of superior adjacent segment for 1 segment rather than 2 or 3 segments was more than two times with 3.9°(-2°~15°) 3. Regardless of level and range of fusion, the increment of angular motion was 3.0°(-2°~8°) on 4.5th lumbar segment which was increased mostly and 1.5°(-3°~7°) on 5th lumbar and 1st sacral segment which was increased leastly. 4. There were 3 cases showed instability at the superior adjacent segment and no cases showed instability at the inferior adjacent segment among all the cases showing stability prior to operations. In conclusion, the sagittal plane rotation was increased in adjacent segment after posterolateral spine fusion. So, we would recommend that the adjacent segment is very important to the decision of fusion extent and level.
Arthritis ; Follow-Up Studies ; Range of Motion, Articular ; Spinal Fusion ; Spinal Stenosis ; Spine ; Spondylolisthesis

The plasmepsins are the aspartic proteases of malaria parasites. Treatment of aspartic protease inhibitor inhibits hemoglobin hydrolysis and blocks the parasite development in vitro suggesting that these proteases might be exploited their potentials as antimalarial drug targets. In this study, we determined the genetic variations of the aspartic proteases of Plasmodium vivax (PvPMs) of wild isolates. Two plasmepsins (PvPM4 and PvPM5) were cloned and sequenced from 20 P. vivax Korean isolates and two imported isolates. The sequences of the enzymes were highly conserved except a small number of amino acid substitutions did not modify key residues for the function or the structure of the enzymes. The high sequence conservations between the plasmepsins from the isolates support the notion that the enzymes could be reliable targets for new antimalarial chemotherapeutics.
Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Aspartic Endopeptidases/*genetics ; Base Sequence ; Cloning, Molecular ; Conserved Sequence ; DNA, Protozoan/chemistry/genetics ; Human ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Plasmodium vivax/*enzymology/genetics/isolation & purification ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Sequence Alignment ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

No abstract available.
Liver Transplantation* ; Liver*

The ankle, which at times bears up to five times the body weight, is the most congruous joint of the lower extremity. Recently, importance of early joint motion and weight bearing after anatomical reduction & rigid internal fixation of the displaced ankle fracture was emphasized. Therefore, we studied prospectively, fifty-two patients with displaced ankle fractures admitted to the Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Severance hospital during a period of 4 years from January 1985 to December 1988. In fifty-two patients, group I (24 cases)were treated with early joint motion and weight bearing without cast immobilization and group II (28 cases) were treated with cast immobilization for long duration after open reduction and rigid internal fixation. The result of an average 15 months follow up of these patients were as follows. l. In displaced ankle fracture, early recovry of joint motion was obtained in early joint motion and weight bearing group after accurate anatomical reduction and rigid internal fixation. 2. In clincal evaluation, 95.8% resulted to satisfactory in group I, whereas 85.8% in group II. 3. In radiologic evaluation, 95.8% resulted to satisfactory in group I, whereas 82.1% in group II. 4. In lateral malleolar fracture, accurate reduction and fixation with plate and screws was important. 5. Syndesmotic ligament should be repaired and weight bearing was allowed without removal of transfixing screw. 6. Reduction of lateral malleolus made reduction and fixation of medial malleolus easy, and thus maintaining talar tilt angle. 7. Anatomical repair of deltoid ligament was needed for stability of ankle joint and prevention of local degenerative change.
Ankle Fractures ; Ankle Joint ; Ankle ; Body Weight ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Immobilization ; Joints ; Ligaments ; Lower Extremity ; Orthopedics ; Prospective Studies ; Weight-Bearing

The roentgenograms following arthroscopic ACL reconstruction show the enlargement of bone tunnels. Many authors hypothesized the cause of the tunnel enlargement, either mechanical or biological causes. The purpose of this study was to find the factors which affected the enlargement of the tibial tunnel following arthroscopic ACL reconstruction with bone-patellar tendon-bone or hamstring tendon. Sixty patients were reviewed retrospectively for radiographic measurement of tibial tunnel at post-operative one year (27 patients received bone-patellar tendon-bone autograft, 12 patients received bone-patellar tendon-bone autograft and Kennedy LAD-ligament augmentation device, 21 patients received Semitendinosus and Gracilis tendons with Endobutton). Roentgenographic anteroposterior and lateral films were checked and the tunnel was measured by two independent observers using a digital caliper. Statistical analysis was performed using a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and t-test. The tibial tunnel enlargement was only related to the position of the fixation of the tibial tunnel. We concluded that tibial tunnel enlargement following arthroscopic ACL reconstruction is attributed to the mechanical effect rather than the properties of grafts and the clinical results.
Autografts ; Humans ; Retrospective Studies ; Tendons ; Transplants