No abstract available.
Meningitis, Aseptic*

No abstract available.
Fever*

We reviewed 7 cases of congenital mesoblastic nephroma (4 cases of classical mesoblastic nephroma (CMN) and 3 cases of atypical mesoblastic nephroma (AMN)) using immuno-histochemical and flow cytometric study. Results are as follows. 1) The mean tumor size was 5 (3 to 7cm)cm in CMN and 9 (7 to 10cm)cm in AMN. The AMN revealed hemorrhage and necrosis in two Of three cases. A case of AMN showed cystic change without hemorrhage and necrosis. Mitotic count ranged in 0~4/10HPF in CMN and 20-35/10HPF in AMN. 2) Immunohistochemistry for vimentin was all positive. Actin, desmin were weakly positive in CMN, but negative in AMN. The findings were consistent with myofibroblastic differentiation in CMN and AMN was considered to be the less differentiated form of CMN. 3) Flow cytometiic analysis showed diploidy in two of two CMNs and two of three AMNs. Only one AMN showed aneuploidy with DNA index of 1.41. %SG2M were 8.1 and 15.9 (mean 12.0) in CMN and 16.9, 32.9 and 19.3 (mean 22.9) in AMN, respectively. We concluded that AMN should be distinguished from CMN, clinicopathologically.

The purpose of this study is to verify severity of asthma in asthmatic patients through through the arterial blood gas analysis. Subjects were consisted of 103 patients (74 boys and 29 girls), between 2~13 years of ages. Clinically, asthmatic patients were classified into 6 groups, i, e., group 0(no rhonchi), group 1(rhonchi only), group 2(mild attack), group 3(moderate attack), group 4(severe attack), group 5(respiratory failure with disturbance of consciousness). PH kept normal range in the group 0, group 1, group 1 and group 3,but began decrease in the group 4.There was linear fall in Po2 and began decrease in the group 3. HCO3- maintained normal level through the whole range. BE showed acidemia on the whole, and began distinctive decrease in the group 4 and group 5, especially. Hypoxemia, hypercapnia and acidemia were common in patients in severe attacks with disturbance of consciousness.
Anoxia ; Asthma ; Blood Gas Analysis* ; Child* ; Consciousness ; Humans ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Hypercapnia ; Reference Values

BACKGROUND: Many drugs are commonly administered according to total body weight or age basis. However, drugs are primarily distributed to the lean body mass. This study was undertaken to find out the best determinant for drug requirements during induction in elderly. METHODS: Forty-five ASA 1 to 3 male and female patients older than 65 years scheduled for elective surgery were divided into 3 groups and received thiopental sodium 62.5 mg/min (group T, n = 15), propofol 25 mg/min (group P, n = 15), or etomidate 5 mg/min (group E, n = 15) respectively. Kendall's tau test for correlations was used to describe the relationship between drug requirements for induction and total body weight, lean body mass determined by Weisburg's modification of Gubner's formula, ideal body weight calculated by Devine's method, and body surface area. RESULTS: Loss of consciousness was obtained with a thiopental sodium dose of 128.4 +/- 29.3 mg, propofol 59.8 +/- 13.6 mg, and etomidate 9.8 +/- 1.4 mg. Kendall's tau correlation test showed that requirements of drugs were related to lean body mass (group T, r = 0.490*, group P, r = 0.433*, group E, r = 0.493*, global P < 0.05) and ideal body weight (group P, r = 0.426*, group E, r = 0.434*, p < 0.05), but not to total body weight or body surface area. CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate that drug requirements for induction of anesthesia correlate better with lean body mass and ideal body weight than with total body weight or body surface area in elderly patients.
Aged* ; Anesthesia ; Body Surface Area ; Body Weight ; Etomidate* ; Female ; Humans ; Ideal Body Weight ; Male ; Propofol* ; Thiopental* ; Unconsciousness

Background: It has been reported that steroid and lidocaine reduce inflammatory responses to endotoxin. The aim of this study is to compare the effects of lidocaine with those of steroid on inflammatory responses to Escherichia coli endotoxemia in the rabbit lung. Methods: Twenty four animals were randomly assigned to one of four groups. Group I (endotoxemic group; control, n=6): They were received E. coli endotoxin (500 microg/kg) intravenously through the ear vein and followed by saline infusion at 20 ml/kg/hr for 4 hours. Group II (steroid treated group, n=6): They were treated with steroid (30 mg/kg) intravenously just after endotoxin injection and then saline was given at 20 ml/kg/hr for 4 hours. Group III (lidocaine treated group, n=6): They were received same as the endotoxemic group and lidocaine (3 mg/kg IV bolus, then continuous infusion at the rate of 2 mg/kg/hr) was administered with saline at 20 ml/kg/hr for 4 hours. Group IV (steroid & lidocaine treated group, n=6): They were received same as the endotoxemic group and after endotoxin infusion, steroid (30 mg/kg) and lidocaine (3 mg/kg IV bolus, then continuous infusion at the rate of 2 mg/kg/hr) was administered intravenously with saline. Numbers of neutrophils and monocytes in the samples of peripheral blood and lung tissue were counted and compared to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effect of drugs. Results: The group II, III, and IV showed significant attenuation of inflammatory responses compared to group I in the rabbit lung(P<0.05). But there were no significant differences among group II, III, and IV. There was no additive effect between steroid and lidocaine. Conclusion: These results suggest that lidocaine could be used as an alternative drug to steroid for its anti-inflammatory effects and cost-effectiveness.
Animals ; Ear ; Endotoxemia* ; Escherichia coli ; Lidocaine* ; Lung* ; Monocytes ; Neutrophils ; Veins

The author list should be corrected.

Nuclear DNA content of 32 cases of prostate adenocarcinoma diagnosed 1986-1991 was determined by flow cytometry, with the use of paraffin-embedded archival tissue. The present study was done to define the relationship between clinical stage, histopathological grade, and DNA ploidy. Aneuploidy was found in 10(31.3%) cases including 7 cases of near-tetraploidy. Among diploid tumors, 36.4% were localized disease(stage A and B), 13.6% were characterized by invasion outside the prostate(stage C), and 50.0% showed distant metastasis(stage D). Among aneuploid tumors, 10.0% were stage B, 50.0% stage C, and 40.0% stage D. The degree of glandular differentiation was characterized by the Gleason score and the percentage of sampled tissue involved by carcinoma was graded by Dhom's method. Apparent correlation was found between Gleason grade and Dhom grade(P<0.05). All 13 tumors with a Gleason grade I(score of 2 to 5) were diploid. Four of 9 tumors with a Gleason grade II(score of 6 to 7) were aneuploid(near-tetraploidy 33.3%, aneuploidy 11.1%) and 60.0%, of tumors with a Gleason grade III(score of 8 to 10) were aneuploid(near-tetraploidy 40.0%, aneuploidy 20%). The percentage of aneuploid cases increased with advanced clinical stage, but the relationship between aneuploidy versus clinical stage was not significant. However, it can be concluded that DNA ploidy correlates well with Gleason grade(p<0.05), which may have predictive prognostic value for prostate adeno-carcinomas.
Adenocarcinoma

No abstract available.
Child* ; Humans ; Humerus*

OBJECTIVE: There have been few studies concerning the clinical pathology of malignant transformation arising from ovarian mature cystic teratoma. Thus, the objective of this study is to determine clinicopathologic factors affecting survival in this rare tumor. METHODS: From November 1992 to December 2002, 11 patients with malignant transformation arising from ovarian mature cystic teratoma were treated at Departments of Obstetric and Gynecology in Chonnam National University Hospital. Demographic characteristics, symptoms, signs, stage, mode of therapy and results of follow up were reviewed retrospectively. RESULTS: There were 11 cases of the malignant transformation of ovarian mature cystic teratomas out of 637 cases of mature cystic teratomas (1.7%). The average age was 50.6 years. Histologically, 7 out of the 11 cases were squamous cell carcinoma (63.7%). There was no specific clinical symptom but palpable abdominal mass was the most frequent complaint (5 cases, 45.4%). As for the stage of disease, 8 cases were in stage Ia (72.7%) and the other three cases were in stage Ic, IIb and IIc respectively. All the patients received surgery, and 7 of them had chemotherapy and 2 both chemotherapy and radiation therapy at the same time. All patients in stage I survived until the period of follow-up and their average survival time was 31.8 months. One patient in stage IIc died of intestinal obstruction in 9 month from the surgery and the average survival time of two patients in stage II was 8.5 months. CONCLUSION: The mechanism of the malignant formation arising in ovarian mature cystic teratomas is not clear but considering the fact that 80% of mature cystic teratomas are diagnosed during the reproductive age malignant transformation seems to be related to the long-term presence of non-removed mature cystic teratomas in abdomen. Accordingly, it is considered helpful for preventing and early detection of the malignant transformation to have regular ovary examination through pelvic ultrasonogram during the reproductive age.
Abdomen ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Drug Therapy ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Gynecology ; Humans ; Intestinal Obstruction ; Jeollanam-do ; Ovary ; Pathology, Clinical ; Retrospective Studies ; Teratoma* ; Ultrasonography