No abstract available.
Humans* ; Korea*

No abstract available.
Facial Nerve*

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is malignant tumor frequently occurring in Koreans. There have been few reports regarding the cytologic findings of fine needle aspiration (FNA) of HCC. Most have suggested a diagnostic problem in the cytology distinguishing HCC from some benign hepatic lesions-for example, a regeneration nodule in cirrhosis and liver cell adenoma. In spite of its high frequency in Korea, no cytologic study has been reported, concerning the FNA of HCC. In an attempt to achieve cytologic criteria for the diagnosis of HCC, the authors studied retrospectively cytopathologic findings of 247 cases of HCC. These cases were confirmed either by histologic examination including lobectomy, biopsy, or cell block materiai, or, when tissue diagnosis was unavailable, by a high serum alpha-fetoprotein level (over 400 l. U.). All aspiration smears were stained by the Papanicolaou method. In each case, the smears were analyzed for cell patterns and various cytomorphology of the tumor cells. The smear background was assessed for the presence of tumor cell necrosis and inflammatory components and compared to that of metastatic carcinomas. The cell patterns were classified as trabecular, acinar, dispersed, and irregular. The cytologic parameters analyzed included the degree of nuclear atypia and the presence of mitoses, intranuclear cytoplasmic inclusions, nucleolar prominency, endotheiial lining, multinucleated giant cells, eosinophiic globules, bile, and Mallory body.Most of the FNA of HCC showed markedly cellular smears. The tumor cells were most frequently arranged in a trabecular pattern (80.3%). The irregular (12.6%), the acinar (5.5%), and the dispersed patterns (1.7%) followed in decreasing frequency. Individual hepatoma cells were larger than normal liver cells. However, they had morphologic features characteristic of the hepatic cells: the cells were round or polygonal, their cytoplasm was abundant and granular with eosinophilic or amphophilic stainability, and their nuclei were round to oval, located centrally, and tended to have prominent nucleoli. Anaplasia and pleomorphism of tumor cells were generally mild to moderate. These findings existed even in very well differentiated cases. Mitotic figures were present in about 85% of the cases. Prominent nucleoli were observed only in about half the cases. The frequency of other cytologic features was as follows: intranuclear cytoplasmic inclusion in 86.8%; endothelial lining in 56.1%: bile in 19.8%; and giant cells in 60.1%. Clear cells were often present in11.7%, Most aspiration smears of HCC displayed clean background without necrosis or inflammatory material in contrast to the dirty, necrotic background of metastatic cancers and cholangiocarcinomas. Based on the above mentioned features, it is suqqested that the cytologic critieria most important for the diagnosis of HCC include a markedly cellular smear, trabecular pattern, hepatocytoid appearance of tumor cells, endothelial lining, the presence of bile, giant cells, intranuclear cytoplasmic inclusions, and prominent nucleoli, Among these, trabecular pattern, endothelial lining, giant cells and clean smear background are points to be considered in differentiating HCC from metastatic and cholangiocellular carcinoma.
Adenoma, Liver Cell ; alpha-Fetoproteins ; Anaplasia ; Bile ; Biopsy ; Biopsy, Fine-Needle ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; Child* ; Cholangiocarcinoma ; Cytoplasm ; Diagnosis ; Endothelial Cells ; Eosinophils ; Fibrosis ; Giant Cells ; Glomerulonephritis* ; Hepatocytes ; Humans ; Inclusion Bodies ; Korea ; Liver ; Mitosis ; Necrosis ; Regeneration ; Retrospective Studies

Herpes zoster is generally believed to be caused by the activation of varicella-zoster virus present in the body since an original infection with varicella. According to the thesis, the virus remairis in a latent state in the cells of the sensory ganglia until immunity has waned sufficiently to pezmit multiplication of the virus and clinical infection. There are a number of reports that in patient with malignant disease, especially Jymphoma, a frequenry af association of zoster is greater and severity of its symptom is increased to be marked contrast to the benign uneventful course of zoster seen in healthy person. The author observed one case of zoster seen in patient with malignant disorder, and frequency of association of zoster in malignant disease and its etiological factors are reviewed in the literature.
Chickenpox ; Ganglia, Sensory ; Herpes Zoster* ; Herpesvirus 3, Human ; Humans ; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin*

No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Child* ; Humans ; Liver Cirrhosis* ; Liver*

No abstract available.

Recurrent epistaxis is not one of rare symptoms in children, the well-known causes of which are anatomical abnormalities of nasal cavity and systemic bleeding tendency. but, in the majority of cases of recurrent epistaxis, it is usually very difficult to find out their underlying causes, so that the treatment is only symptomatic control of nasal bleeding whenever epistaxis occurs, but it usually is impossible to manage against their underlying causes as a specific therapy. The authors considered the breakdown or weakness of vascular integrity of nasal capillary vessel wall as an important factor of recurrent epistaxis, and vitamin C, which has an important role for the synthesis of collagen fiber, could influence to the vascular integrity of nasal capillary vessels. To elucidate the relation between recurrent epistaxis and the status of vitamin C in the tissue of the patients, the authors performed urinary vitamin C loading test measuring urinary excretion of vitamin C with high-performance liquid chromatography by Sirota et al in 19 cases of control group and 32 cases of patients with recurrent epistaxis, whose underlying diseases were not identified. And also the authors administered 1.0 gm/day of vitamin C orally for the treatment of recurrent epistaxis and follow-up was done over 1 year from the beginning of treatment to evaluate the treatment response. The results were as follows: 1) The hemoglobin level was significantly decreased in patient group compared with that of control group (12.4+/-0.8 vs 9.0+/-3.2 gm/dl). 2) The results of urine loading test of vitamin C, expressed as the percent excreted ratio, revealed significantly decreased in the patient group compared to that of the control group (9.1+/-6.1% vs 13.6+/-7.9%). 3) After treatment with 1.0 gm/day of vitamin C orally, follow-up was possible in 23 cases of total 32 patients. Of the 23 patients, "excellent" therapeutic response were in 16 cases (69.6%), "good" response in 5 cases (21.7%), and "no response" only in 2 cases (8.7%). The overall treatment response were in 21 cases (91.3%). In conclusion, it seems that majority of the patients with idiopathic recurrent epistaxis in the deficient state tissue vitamin C so that administration of vitamin C will be one of the effective therapy.
Ascorbic Acid* ; Capillaries ; Child* ; Chromatography, Liquid ; Collagen ; Epistaxis* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Nasal Cavity ; Vitamins*

No abstract available.
Animals ; Endometriosis* ; Female ; Horns* ; Kidney*

No abstract available.
Animals ; Endometriosis* ; Female ; Horns* ; Kidney*