. Vitamin D is known to exert its action by activating DNA and RBA within target cells to produce proteins and enzymes that can be used in bone resorption process. Particularly, the active form of vitmain D, 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol [1,25-(OH)2D3], is considered to be one of the most potent stimulators of osteoclatic acitivity in vitro. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 on the avtivity of periodotal ligament cells and, the experimental tooth movement. Human periodontal ligament cells were collected from the first premolar tooth extracted for the orthodontic treatment, and were incubated in the environment of 37degreesC, 5% CO2 and 95% humidity. Microtitration{(MIT) assay was done at 10, 25, 50 and 100ng/ml of 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3. 21 Sprague-Daft rats were divided into a control gmup(3), and experimental groups(18) where 100g of force from helical spring was applied across the maxillary incisors 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 was injected into periodontal ligament at the mesial or distal surface of maxillary incisors so that we can compare the control side and the experimental side. Expreimental groups were sac rifled at 12, 24, 36, 48, 72hours and 7 days after force application, respectively. And the obtained tissues were evaluated histologically. The observed results were as follows. 1. The activity of periodontal ligament cells in l0ng/ml or 25ng/ml of 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D31,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 was not significantly different to the control at the cultivation of 1, 2 and 3 days. 2. The activity of periodontal ligament cells was significantly increased at 3 days in 50 ng/ml of 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 and 2, 3 days in 100g/ml of 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3. 3. Up to 7 days after force application, there was no difference in osteoblastic activity, tearing of periodontal ligament and proliferation of capillary at tension side between 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 injection side and the control side. 4. The osteoclastic activity and the resorption of alveolar bone was greater in 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 injection side than the control side at 36 hours after force application.
Animals ; Bicuspid ; Bone Resorption ; Calcitriol* ; Capillaries ; DNA ; Humans ; Humidity ; Incisor ; Ligaments ; Osteoblasts ; Osteoclasts ; Periodontal Ligament* ; Rats* ; Tooth Movement* ; Tooth* ; Vitamin D

BACKGROUND: Mucoceles of the paranasal sinus are slowly expanding epithelial lined lesions containing inspissated mucus that may erode bone and extend intraorbitally or intracranially. Mucoceles are thought to arise as a result of obstruction of the sinus ostium secondary to inflammation, fibrosis, trauma, previous surgery, or a mass lesion. Mucoceles most frequently arise from the frontal sinus and anterior ethmoid air cells, presenting with proptosis, frontal headaches, and reduced ocular mobility, especially on upward gaze. OBJECTIVES: The surgical approach to paranasal sinus mucoceles has followed two lines. The first is radical exenteration of the mucoceles and its whole lining: the other is marsupialization, leaving part of the lining intact. MATERIAL AND METHOD: This paper was analyzed 9 cases of paranasal sinus mucoceles which had operated in Chonbuk National University Hospital between January 1992 and August 1996. Eight cases were treated via intranasal endoscopic sinus surgery and one case via extranasal approach. RESULTS: There were no significant complications following surgery with a follow-up of 5 months to 2 years. CONCLUSION: So, we report the clinical findings, surgical treatment of 9 cases of mucoceles with review of literature.
Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1 ; Exophthalmos ; Fibrosis ; Follow-Up Studies ; Frontal Sinus ; Headache ; Inflammation ; Jeollabuk-do ; Mucocele* ; Mucus

No abstract available.
DNA* ; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin*

Various methods were used to estimate the proliferative activity of tumor cells, including the Ki-67 labeling index, proliferating cell nuclear antigen the Brdurd labeling technique, the mitotic index, and flow cytometric analysis. Several recent reports have indicated that these parameters of cellular proliferation may be of some prognostic significance. In this study, cellular proliferative activities in 105 gastric cancer patients were analyzed with various clinicopathologic factors by using the ki-67 labeling index. The monoclonal antibody to the Ki-67 antigen detects a nuclear antigen expressed in all phases of the cell cycle except G0, and has been widely used to determine the proliferative activity of neoplastic tissues. The Ki-67 labeling index (the number of Ki-67 positive tumor cells divided by the sum of Ki-67 positive and negative tumor cells) was derived by counting 1,000 cells in each case. A significant difference was noted between advanced and early gastric cancer. Advanced gastric cancer lesions showed a mean value of 32.15, about 1.7 times greater than that of the early gastric cancer lesions, 18.32 (p=0.001). The presence or absence of lymph node metastasis also showed a significant difference. The mean value of Ki-67 with lymph node metastasis was 31.78 whereas that without metastasis was 19.48 (p=0.001). There was also a significant difference in Ki-67 LI between each stage (p=0.010). However, no statistically significant differences were noted in age, sex, tumor location, histological differentiation, lauren type, and tumor size. Conclusion : High Ki-67 LI may suggest active cellular proliferation and increased risk of advanced cancer and lymph node metastasis. Ki-67 LI may be used as a possible independent parameter to predict the outcome of gastric cancer treatment.
Cell Cycle ; Cell Proliferation ; Humans ; Ki-67 Antigen ; Lymph Nodes ; Mitotic Index ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen ; Stomach Neoplasms*

PURPOSE: To evaluate abnormal neurosonographic (NSG) findings of thalami and basal ganglia in full term babies with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy and to correlate the findings with follow-up studies and prognosis. METHODS: We evaluated 13 full term babies with abnormal NSG findings of thalarni and basal ganglia. NSG was performed within 7 days after clinical abnormalities. Follow-up NSG was done in 11 cases; CT scan in 4 and MRI in 7. We classified NSG findings as diffuse, unilateral, and focal types according to increased echogenicity and evaluated prognosis based on follow-up studies and neurological sequelae. RESULTS: Nine cases of diffuse type had diffuse echogenic changes of bilateral thalami and basal ganglia, slit-like lateral ventricles suggesting cerebral edema, and increased parenchymal echogenicity. In diffuse type, follow-up studies showed more prominent echogencities and ventricular dilatations and cerebromalacia. One case of unilateral type caused by thromboembolism had unilateral echogenicity of right thalamus and basal ganglia with increased echogenicity of the ipsilateral cerebral hemisphere and compression of the lateral ventricle, suggesting cerebral infarction. Follow-up study showed unilateral cystic cerebromalacia. Three cases of focal type had a localized echogenic area in thalamus with lacunar infarction, which decreased in size during follow-up. Among nine cases of diffuse type, one died within 2 days, two were discharged against medical advice, and six had severe neurologic sequelae. One case of unilateral type had a moderate degree of neurologic sequelae. All 3 cases of focal type had normal development. CONCLUSION: Pattems of abnormal echogenicity in thalami and basal ganglia in fullterm infants with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy are correlated with the outcome and may be helpful for treatment planning.
Basal Ganglia* ; Brain ; Brain Edema ; Brain Ischemia* ; Cerebral Infarction ; Cerebrum ; Dilatation ; Encephalomalacia ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain ; Infant* ; Lateral Ventricles ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Prognosis* ; Stroke, Lacunar ; Thalamus* ; Thromboembolism ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Bipotent progenitors for T and natural killer (NK) lymphocytes are thought to exist among early precursor thymocytes or liver lymphocytes. The identification of such a progenitor population or mature NK cells in such organs remains undefined. Here we report the identification of a novel receptor of NK cells, p58 (HLA class I-specific inhibitory receptors), in fetal thymocytes and fetal liver lymphocytes. Our finding suggests the NK cells mature in the developmental stage during feta1 ontogeny. Flow cytometric analysis revealed p58 positive cells in thymocytes or in fetal liver lymphocytes and reverse transcription PCR also showed amplification of p58 RNA. The result of single stranded conformational polymorphism (SSCP) showed it discriminates one or two base pair differences of the p58 gene. Although the question still remains as to whether the expression of p58 is due to the NK cells or natural T cells, it is clear the p58 is expressed in fetal thymocytes or liver lymphocytes. And SSCP analysis using appropriate sets of primers used in this study, is helpful to study the diversity of p58.
Base Pairing ; Killer Cells, Natural ; Liver* ; Lymphocytes* ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Polymorphism, Single-Stranded Conformational ; Reverse Transcription ; RNA ; T-Lymphocytes ; Thymocytes*

PURPOSE: To investigate the optimal delay and acquisition time for discrimination of the arterial from thevenous phase in ultrafast 3D contrast-enhanced MR angiography of the carotid artery. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Wereviewed the MR angiographic findings of 233 patients in whom carotid stenosis and cerebrovascular disease weresuspected. On the basis of delay and acquisition time they were divided into four groups. In the first three,contrast material was injected manually, and after the optimal time, mechanical injection was used for the lastgroup. On the basis of signal intensity of the carotid artery, image quality was graded in four steps.Discrimination of the arterial from the venous phase was graded in three steps, based on the degree of venousenhancement. RESULTS: The best grade of image quality was 70% in the first group, 85% in the second, and 95% inthe third. In discrimination of the arterial-venous phase, the most definite grade was 50% in the first group, 62%in the second, and 75% in the third. Between manual and mechanical injection groups, there was no significantdifference in image quality and discrimination of the arterial-venous phase. CONCLUSION: These results suggestthat for ultrafast 3D contrast-enhanced MR angiography of the carotid artery, with manual injection of contrastmaterial, 8-second delay time and 7-second acqusistion time are optimal.
Angiography* ; Carotid Arteries* ; Carotid Stenosis ; Discrimination (Psychology)* ; Humans

Anaphylaxis to polyethylene glycol (PEG) is rare and mainly occurs with the use of laxatives containing PEG. Recently, an increasing number of PEG allergies have been reported, particularly those related to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines. mRNA COVID-19 vaccines, such as the BNT162b2 (Pfizer–BioNTech) and mRNA-1273 (Moderna) vaccines, contain PEG2000 as an excipient and are contraindicated when allergy to a vaccine component exist. We report a 55-year-old woman’s history as a case of successful mRNA COVID-19 vaccination and colonoscopy after oral desensitization to PEG in a patient with PEG allergy who required both COVID-19 vaccination and colon evaluation. Allergy to PEG was diagnosed based on clinical history, skin test results, and basophil histamine release testing. Oral desensitization effectively suppressed histamine release from basophils in response to PEG stimulation, suggesting that oral desensitization using PEG-based laxatives may be an effective treatment option for patients with allergy to the substance.

PURPOSE: To analyze the clinical features of peripheral neuropathy in Korean children. METHODS: A total of 62 children with acute flaccid paralysis, longstanding weakness of extremities, or abnormal electrophysiological studies, suggestive of peripheral neuropathy, were evaluated retrospectively from the hospital records. The subjects were recruited at the pediatric neurology and endocrine clinic, Kyungpook National University Hospital from 2000 to 2002 and they all went through neurological examination and electrophysiological studies with or without nerve biopsy. RESULTS: Thirty nine children(Male 24:Female 15; Mean age 7.6+/-4.3 years) were found to have clinical peripheral neuropathy. Inflammatory neuropathy(5 children with Guillain Barre syndrome, 1 children with chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy, 12 children with Bell's palsy; 46%) was the most common, followed by hereditary neuropathy(4 children, 10%), Chemotherapy induced neuropathy(3 children, 8%), metachromatic leukodystrophy(2 children, 5%), trauma(2 children, 5%), diabetic neuropathy(1 children, 3%) and so on. Thirty two children had motor neuropathy(82%), six children had combined motor and sensory neuropathy(15%), two had pure sensory(5%), but nobody had autonomic neuropathy. With respect to the type of involvement, polyneuropathies constitute 59%(23 children), mononeuropathy simplex accounted for 38%(15 children), mononeuropathy multiplex was found in 3%(1 child). Based on electrophysiological studies and biopsy results, demyelinating neuropathy was seen in 22 children(56%), axonal neuropathy in 12 children(31%), combined neuropathy in 5 children(13%). Eighteen children(46%) were completely or almost completely recovered from the illness. CONCLUSION: Inflammatory neuropathy was the most common among the acquired neuropathies and hereditary motor sensory neuropathy was the most common among the genetic neuropathies. Treatable neuropathies took up 46%. Potentially preventable neuropathies accounted for 36%. Early diagnosis and early intervention may have significant impacts on the prognosis of peripheral neuropathy in children.
Axons ; Bell Palsy ; Biopsy ; Child* ; Drug Therapy ; Early Diagnosis ; Early Intervention (Education) ; Extremities ; Guillain-Barre Syndrome ; Gyeongsangbuk-do ; Hospital Records ; Humans ; Mononeuropathies ; Neurologic Examination ; Neurology ; Paralysis ; Peripheral Nervous System Diseases* ; Polyneuropathies ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies

OBJECTIVES: Power spectrum analysis decomposes the heart rate signal into its frequency components and facilitates separation of sympathetic (low frequency) and parasympathetic (high frequency) activity. In congestive heart failure, augmented sympathetic tone and decreased parasympathetic tone were found. Autonomic nervous system was normalized 6 months after myocardial infarction. So we compared the autonomic nervous system activity by the heart rate variability in congestive heart failure and old myocardial infarction. METHODS: The protocol involved 20 healthy subjects (Group 1), 5 congestive heart failure patients not caused by myocardial infarction (Group 2), 4 congestive heart failure patients due to myocardial infarction and 11 old myocardial infarction patients without heart failure. We took 24 hour Holter monitoring by Del Mar Avionic tape recorder. All Holter tapes were analyzed with use of Model 563 Stratascan Holter Analysis System. We computed power spectra on each 256 sec segment of each hour during 24 hour recording. So, RR interval, SD of RR interval by time domain, and LF, HF, LF/HF ratio, Total PSD by frequency domain were measured. RESULTS: In congestive heart failure, nocturnal HF peak and diurnal variation of LF/HF ratio was decreased relative to healthy subjects. Nocturnal HF peak in old myocardial infarction was not visualized. All of LF, HF and Total PSD in congestive heart failure and old myocardial infarction patients relative to healthy subjects. CONCLUSION: On heart rate variability analysis using by 24 hour Holter monitoring, abnormal autonomic nervous activity was demonstrated in congestive heart failure and old myocardial infarction patients relative to healthy subjects.
Autonomic Nervous System ; Electrocardiography, Ambulatory* ; Estrogens, Conjugated (USP)* ; Heart Failure* ; Heart Rate* ; Heart* ; Humans ; Myocardial Infarction* ; Spectrum Analysis