1.Estimation of Energy Expenditure among Malaysian Young Adults: A Pilot Study Comparing Heart Rate Monitoring (HRM) Method and Activity Diary (AD) Method
Wong Jyh Eiin ; Ahmad Munir Che Muhamed ; Poh Been Koon
Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences 2010;6(2):93-100
Introduction: Accurate yet inexpensive methods for measuring free-living energy expenditure (EE) are much needed. The aim of this study was to determine the feasibility of heart-rate monitoring method (HRM) in measuring EE as compared to the established activity diary (AD) were used simultaneously in 34 young adults (18 females, 16 males, mean age 21.5 ± 1.5 years). Estimates of the EE from HRM were based on individually measured and published energy cost of various activities. Total daily energy expenditure (TDEE) and its components (EE during sleep, during rest and during physical activity) were compared using Student paired-t tests. Results: TDEE from HRM method averaged 8.17 ± 2.00 MJ/day compared to 8.50 ± 1.28 MJ/day from AD method. Although large intra-individual differences were found (ranging from -36.9% to 47.4%), there was no significant difference between the two methods (mean difference -3.6 ± 19.4%). The limits of agreement (mean ± 2SD) were -3.77 and 3.11 MJ/day. There were no significant differences for any of the TDEE components between the two methods, except for EE during sleep (p<0.05). Conclusion: HRM method was found to be a feasible method for assessment of EE, and was comparable to AD for group assessment of TDEE and its components
2.Predicting basal metabolic rates in Malaysian adult elite athletes.
Jyh Eiin WONG ; Bee Koon POH ; Safii Nik SHANITA ; Mohd Mohamad IZHAM ; Kai Quin CHAN ; Meng De TAI ; Wei Wei NG ; Mohd Noor ISMAIL
Singapore medical journal 2012;53(11):744-749
INTRODUCTIONThis study aimed to measure the basal metabolic rate (BMR) of elite athletes and develop a gender specific predictive equation to estimate their energy requirements.
METHODS92 men and 33 women (aged 18-31 years) from 15 sports, who had been training six hours daily for at least one year, were included in the study. Body composition was measured using the bioimpedance technique, and BMR by indirect calorimetry. The differences between measured and estimated BMR using various predictive equations were calculated. The novel equation derived from stepwise multiple regression was evaluated using Bland and Altman analysis.
RESULTSThe predictive equations of Cunningham and the Food and Agriculture Organization/World Health Organization/United Nations University either over- or underestimated the measured BMR by up to ± 6%, while the equations of Ismail et al, developed from the local non-athletic population, underestimated the measured BMR by 14%. The novel predictive equation for the BMR of athletes was BMR (kcal/day) = 669 + 13 (weight in kg) + 192 (gender: 1 for men and 0 for women) (R2 0.548; standard error of estimates 163 kcal). Predicted BMRs of elite athletes by this equation were within 1.2% ± 9.5% of the measured BMR values.
CONCLUSIONThe novel predictive equation presented in this study can be used to calculate BMR for adult Malaysian elite athletes. Further studies may be required to validate its predictive capabilities for other sports, nationalities and age groups.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Athletes ; Basal Metabolism ; Body Composition ; Body Weight ; Calorimetry, Indirect ; Energy Metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; Malaysia ; Male ; Regression Analysis ; Sports ; Young Adult
3.Malaysian Healthy Diet Online Survey (MHDOS): Study rationale and methodology
Jyh Eiin Wong ; Fui Chee Woon ; Yit Siew Chin ; Wai Siew Teh ; Rusidah Selamat ; Ahmad Ali Zainuddin ; Gilly A Hendrie ; E Siong Tee
Malaysian Journal of Nutrition 2023;29(No.2):273-283
Introduction: Access to accurate and timely dietary information is of
paramount importance in evaluating and developing well-targeted public
health nutrition interventions. However, nationwide nutrition surveys are
conducted infrequently because they are very costly to design, conduct
and analyse. Dietary assessment tools, which are quick and cost- effective,
are needed for population research and regular monitoring of Malaysians’
dietary habits. This paper describes the rationale and methodology of the
Malaysian Healthy Diet Online Survey (MHDOS) project, which aims to
bridge this knowledge gap on dietary intake of Malaysian adults. The main
objective of the two-year project is to develop MHDOS as a valid tool to
measure compliance with the Malaysian Dietary Guidelines 2020. Methods:
The MHDOS project has three study phases, namely (i) adaptation of an
online survey and established diet quality scoring system for Malaysia,
(ii) usability, validity and reliability testing of the online survey; and (iii)
online survey administration in a nationwide study. The survey will be
administered to approximately 10,000 Malaysian adults aged 18-59 years.
Discussion: MHDOS consists of 38 questions that measures the quantity,
quality and variety of foods consumed. Individuals will receive a diet quality
score that reflects their overall compliance with the Malaysian Dietary
Guidelines and feedback on how to improve their scores. The findings of
the online survey, which serve to complement information between larger
surveys, will be useful to measure compliance of Malaysians to national
dietary guidelines and inform public health interventions.