In vitro culture of Toxoplasma gondii in HL-60 cells cnd cell-mediated immunity against Toxoplasma in dimethylsulfoxide(DMSO)-induced HL-60 cells, i.e., differentiation into granulocytes, were pursued. HL-60 cells were treated with various concentrations of DMSO, and 1.3%(v/v) for 3 day incubation was chosen as the optimal condition for differentiation into granulocytes. The degree of differentiation was assayed in physiological and functional aspects in addition to morphological point. When treated with 1.3% DMSO for 3 days, HL-60 cells did not synthesize DNA materials beyond background level, and showed active chemotactic response to chemotactic peptide, formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine(FMLP). Morphologically promyelocytes of high nuclear/cytoplasmic(N/C) ratio changed to granulocytes of relatively low N/C ratio. The relationships between HL-60 cells or DMSO-induced HL-60 cells and Toxoplasma were examined after stain with Giemsa and fluorescent dye (acridine orange). HS-60 cells did not show any sign of toxoplasmacidal activity but showed intracellular proliferation of Toxoplasma to form rosette for 72 hr co-culture. In contrast, DMSO-induced HL-60 cells phagocytosed Toxoplasma within 1 hr, and performed a process of intracellular digestion of Toxoplasma thereafter. With the above results, it is suggested that phagosome-lysosome fusion is one of the critical events for the parasitism by Toxoplasma or for susceptibility of host cells. The in vitro culture system of this study has offered a defined condition to study the protozoan parasite-host cell interactions.
parasitology-protozoa ; Toxoplasma gondii ; HL-60 cells ; dimethylsulfoxide ; in vitro culture ; dimethylsulfoxide

Lateral osteotomy has been chosen as a part of rhinoplasty for modification of the nasal bony vault, alteration of the base width of the lateral walls, establishment of a new profile line of the nasal dorsum and lateral profile line, and closure of the open roof. Various methods of lateral osteotomy may be employed, however Orientals have characteristically broad and flat noses Compared to caucasians and for an esthetically satisfactory result, it is important to correct both in rhinoplasty. In this study, the authors performed their devised method of lateral osteotomy in 12 patients for the correction of broad, flat nasal dorsum and deviated noses. The operations could be broadly categorized into two groups: 1) short lateral osteotomy in which the lateral osteotomy line was incomplete and short, extending to the infraorbital rim; and 2) green-stick transverse osteotomy which was induced by in-siturotation fracture by osteotomy and, if considered necessary, augmentation rhinoplasty and nasal tip plasty were also performed simultaneously. Our nasal osteotomy has limited mobilization, where as the previous method has total mobilization, and it has the advantages of repositioning the broad and deviated nose in a preferable direction and shape, as well as the capability of narrowing the preferable area selectively. Especially if there is a necessity to correct both broad and flat noses such as in Orientals, our osteotomy methods have a synergistic effect in esthetic outcome when performed with augmentation rhinoplasty with a silastic implant. There were no complications such as relapse or air-way obstruction during the 4.5-month follow-up period. However, a long-term follow-up period is needed to evaluate the complications considering the physiologic aspect of the nose.
Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Nose ; Osteotomy* ; Recurrence ; Rhinoplasty*

No abstract available.
Education*

Recent immunological investigations have demonstrated that the patients with psoriasis have various humoral and cellular immune abnormalities, such as increased serum IgG, IgE and secretory IgA, anti-IgC factor in psoriatic lesions, in peripheral blood lymphocytes and in serum, rhumatoid-like factors in IgA and IgG classes of immunoglobulins, antinuclear antibodies (ANA; reacting with the basal cell nuclei of uninvolved skin., anti-stratum corneum antibody and complements in psoriatic scales, immuoglobulin and complement bearing polymorphonuclear leucocytes in the Muro microabscess. These abnormal findings are enough to suggest an autoimmune mechanism in the pathogenesis of psoriasis. Several investigators have also reported the results of T cell enumeration in the peripheral blood in psoriatic patients. However, the results are not in general agreement,. Thee present study was undertaken to clarify any abnormality in the proportion of T cells in the peripheral blood in psoriatic patients. Forty-one patients with active psoriasis registered at the Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University Hospital entered this study from May, 1979 through April, 1980. Twelve healthy medical and paramedical personel the comprised the control group. Active and total T cells were enumerated by the method of E-rosetting technique, and the results were as follows. 1, in normal controls, the active and total T celIs identified as E rosetteforming cells accounted for 61.6+7.4% and 68.1+8.9% of the total lymphocyte population, respectively. 2. In patients with psoriasis, significant decrease of active T cells (54. 2,+11.0%,p<0.005) and total T cells (62.2+11.2%, p<0.05) was observed. More profound reduction of T cells was noted in patients with wide spread psoriasis than those with limited extent.
Antibodies, Antinuclear ; Cell Nucleus ; Complement System Proteins ; Dermatology ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin A ; Immunoglobulin A, Secretory ; Immunoglobulin E ; Immunoglobulin G ; Immunoglobulins ; Lymphocytes ; Psoriasis* ; Research Personnel ; Seoul ; Skin ; T-Lymphocytes* ; Weights and Measures

No abstract available.

Background: It has been reported that steroid and lidocaine reduce inflammatory responses to endotoxin. The aim of this study is to compare the effects of lidocaine with those of steroid on inflammatory responses to Escherichia coli endotoxemia in the rabbit lung. Methods: Twenty four animals were randomly assigned to one of four groups. Group I (endotoxemic group; control, n=6): They were received E. coli endotoxin (500 microg/kg) intravenously through the ear vein and followed by saline infusion at 20 ml/kg/hr for 4 hours. Group II (steroid treated group, n=6): They were treated with steroid (30 mg/kg) intravenously just after endotoxin injection and then saline was given at 20 ml/kg/hr for 4 hours. Group III (lidocaine treated group, n=6): They were received same as the endotoxemic group and lidocaine (3 mg/kg IV bolus, then continuous infusion at the rate of 2 mg/kg/hr) was administered with saline at 20 ml/kg/hr for 4 hours. Group IV (steroid & lidocaine treated group, n=6): They were received same as the endotoxemic group and after endotoxin infusion, steroid (30 mg/kg) and lidocaine (3 mg/kg IV bolus, then continuous infusion at the rate of 2 mg/kg/hr) was administered intravenously with saline. Numbers of neutrophils and monocytes in the samples of peripheral blood and lung tissue were counted and compared to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effect of drugs. Results: The group II, III, and IV showed significant attenuation of inflammatory responses compared to group I in the rabbit lung(P<0.05). But there were no significant differences among group II, III, and IV. There was no additive effect between steroid and lidocaine. Conclusion: These results suggest that lidocaine could be used as an alternative drug to steroid for its anti-inflammatory effects and cost-effectiveness.
Animals ; Ear ; Endotoxemia* ; Escherichia coli ; Lidocaine* ; Lung* ; Monocytes ; Neutrophils ; Veins

PURPOSE: Alterations of the p15(INK4B) and p16(INK4A) gene which are separated by 25 kb on chromosome 9p21 have been reported in various tumor derived cell lines and primary tumors, but the role of these genes in cervical cancer is unknown. MATERIAL AND METHOD: To determine the frequency of deletions and point mutations of these genes in human cervical cancer, we examined 57 primary tumors and matched normal tissues, and 3 cervical cancer derived cell lines. All the tumor tissues and cell lines were human papil- INK48 lomavirus (HPV)-positive. Deletions or point mutations of exon 2 of the pl5 gene and exons 1, 2, and 3 of the p16(INK4A) gene were examined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and direct sequencing, respectively. RESULT: Our data indicate no evidence for intragenic homozygous deletion or point mutation in the cervical cancer or cervical cancer derived cell lines. INK48 INK4A CONCLUSION: Deletions or point mutations in the p15 or p16 gene may not be required for the development of HPV-positive cervical cancer or for establishment of cervical cancer cell lines.
Cell Line* ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16 ; Exons ; Genes, p16 ; Humans ; Point Mutation ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms

Hypergammaglobulinemic purpura of Waldenstrom is a distinct syndrome consisting of recurrent episodes of purpura, elevated serum r-globulins, elevated erythrocyteed rnentation rate, and mild anemia. This disease has been divided into the prirnary type without an uncerlying disease, and the secondary type with a known underlying disease. We diagnosed a hypergammaglobulinemic purpura of Waldenstram in a 53-year-old woman who presented sudden onset of showers of purpuric macules and petechiae of 24 hours duration involving her lower extremities with a 10-rnonth history. She showed characteristic laboratory findings consistent with those of hypergammiglobulnemic purpura of Waldenstrorri and also showed positive results of antinuclear antibody and rheumatoid factor. We tried to find out if there we any associated underlying disases such as systemic lupus erythematosus or Sjogren synirorne through various tests but faile it find any. We concluded she showed a primary type of hypergarnmhglobulinemic purpura of Waldcnstrorn.
Anemia ; Antibodies, Antinuclear ; Erythrocytes ; Female ; Humans ; Lower Extremity ; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic ; Middle Aged ; Purpura ; Purpura, Hyperglobulinemic* ; Rheumatoid Factor

No abstract available.
Lung Neoplasms* ; Lung*

No abstract available.
Coronary Artery Bypass* ; Saphenous Vein*