No abstract available.
Activities of Daily Living* ; Korea*

No abstract available.
Aged* ; Humans ; Mass Screening*

Ia antigen (HLA-DR in rnan) is confined to the Langerhans cells and indeterminate cells in the normal epidermis in man. However the keratinocyte express la antigen in a variety of dermatoses. IFN-r (irnmune interfcron), known as macrophage activating factor, has been shown to induce Ia antigen expression in a wide variety of cell types. However the Ia antigen induced by 1FN-r is inhibited PGE2, a product of cyclooxygenase pathway of arachidonic acid metabolism. LTB4, a product of lipoxygenase pathway, can replace the IL-2 requirement for IFN-r production in the lymphocytes. There are three main morphalogical patterns of Ia antigen staining in the epidennis. Staining of the basal cells, staining in the mid epidermis in Malphigian layer and staining throughout the epidermis. The staining of Ia' keratinocyte was found to be confined to the lesional area of contact hypersensitivity reaction, graft vs host disease, and lichen planus. la+staining to extend beyond the lesional area was also seen in the study on turberculosis and leporsy.
Arachidonic Acid ; Dermatitis, Contact ; Dinoprostone ; Epidermis ; Graft vs Host Disease ; Histocompatibility Antigens Class II ; Interleukin-2 ; Keratinocytes* ; Langerhans Cells ; Leukotriene B4 ; Lichen Planus ; Lipoxygenase ; Lymphocytes ; Macrophages ; Metabolism ; Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases ; Skin Diseases

No abstract available.
Osteoarthritis*

No abstract available.
Arthritis, Rheumatoid* ; Folic Acid* ; Metabolism* ; Methotrexate*

No abstract available.
Lung* ; Physiology*

1. Napotol solution was topically applied on a trial basis for the treatment of superficial fungal infections and 56% of patients had an excellent benefit and 14% of patients had an irritant dermatitis during the treatment. 2. The main compoeition of Napotol solution is drived from ethsnolie extraction of a natural plant and it's pharmacological action to fungal infection is not known,, yet it's antifungal action is potent as compared to other antifungal topical medicines, Napotol solution also including salicylic acid and benzoic acid, which are well known as possessing a potent antifungal property, may be accelerating it's function for the treatment of superficial fungal infection.
Arthrodermataceae* ; Benzoic Acid ; Dermatitis, Irritant ; Humans ; Plants ; Salicylic Acid

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the specific cytokine pattern and its profiles in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), we measured the mRNA expression of the IL-4, IL- 2, IFN-r7 and IL-10 in the PBMC s and synovial tissue samples. METHOD: We analyzed the cytokine mRNA copy number semiquantitatively in the fresh PBMC s from 13 rheumatoid patients who were not treated with corticosteroid or DMARDs(disease modifying antirheumatic drugs) which may affect the expression of cytokine and 16 healthy normal controls. Mononuclear cells were separated into three compartment(total PBMC, CD4+ cells, and CD4 cells) by the magnetic bead method. Synovial tissues were obtained from surgical procedure freshly. RNA was extracted from 1x10 cells of each PBMC compartment and synovial tissue. To determine the copy number of cytokine mRNA expression, RT-PCR and dot blot hybridization was performed with the RNA extracted from the samples. RESULT: In CD4+ compartment IFN(interferon)-r mRNA was marginally lower in RA patients(143+114) than in normal control(742+1052, p=0.0517) but IL(interleukin)-4 mRNA expression was higher in RA group(73+50 vs. 32+23 in normal control, p=0.0066). Also in CD4- compartment IFN-r mRNA expression was lower in RA(479+850 vs. 6154+15,059 in normal control, p=0.1875) although it was not significant statistically and IL-4 expression was higher in RA group(308+277 vs. 150+100 in normal group, p=0.0428). In PBMC compartment IFN-1 mRNA expression was also decreased in RA group (148+145 vs. 712 +768, p=0.0148), but IL-4 mRNA expression was marginally increased(186+145 vs. 109+62, p=0.0652). In synovium, interestingly, there was virtually no de novo synthesis of IL-4. CONCLUSION: There is significant difference in cytokine pattern of peripheral PBMC between RA and control group. The main cellular IL-4 source in periph- eral blood is not the CD4+ cells. Also there is significant difference of cytokine pattern between the peripheral blood and eynovium in rheumatoid arthritis.
Arthritis, Rheumatoid* ; Humans ; Interleukin-10 ; Interleukin-4 ; RNA ; RNA, Messenger ; Synovial Membrane*

Along with psychosocial factors of suicide, biological backgrounds of suicide are explored by extensive works mostly on biological markers, neurobiological models, genetic bases, and relationship with aggression and violence. The biology of suicide confers on neurotransmitters in central nervous system exploring metabolites, receptor binding affinities, neuroen-docrine challenge tests in brain, cerebrospinal fluid, blood and etc. The major concerns with suicide are focused mainly on serotomin system: low CSF-5-HIAA concentration, higher 5-HT2 receptor binding, and blunt prolactin response to fenfluramine. Postmortem study, in vivo study, genetic contributions, and some other issues such as suicidal methods, serum cholesteral, alcohol, and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors are reviewed and discussed.
Aggression ; Biomarkers ; Biology ; Brain ; Central Nervous System ; Cerebrospinal Fluid ; Fenfluramine ; Models, Genetic ; Neurotransmitter Agents ; Pathology* ; Prolactin ; Psychology ; Serotonin Uptake Inhibitors ; Serotonin* ; Suicide* ; Violence*

There have been published manuscripts which fully suggest that there may be a topographic variance of contact sensitivity in experimental animals such as guinea pigs, hamsters and mice, probably due to a large extent to the topographic difference of Langerhans cell population and to a little extent to impact on the induction site. This assay was done to establish the possibility of involvement of a certain topographic variance in contact sensitivity reaction. Three different anatomical sites were chosen for the induction in three groups of five guinea pigs: the conventional site of the nuchal region, and the sacral aod. ahdominal skin regions. For the elicitation, two different concentrations of DNCB were applied on three sites along both sides of the spine in the back. The contact sensitivity reaction elicited by DNCB in the group of the nuchal abdominal skin induction was definitely stronger at the site closer to the nuchal region than that found at sites closer to the sacral regior. but all animals of the group sensitized on the sacral region showed comparatively uniform reaction. Zvidently, contact sensitivity reaction is influenced mainly by topographic variance hut shows a litte difference depending upon induction sites.
Animals ; Cricetinae ; Dermatitis, Contact* ; Dinitrochlorobenzene ; Guinea Pigs* ; Guinea* ; Mice ; Sacrococcygeal Region ; Skin ; Spine