No abstract available.
Dystonia Musculorum Deformans* ; Dystonia*

Idiopathic orbital myositis, a subgroup of previously so called inflammatory orbital pseudotumor, occurred with acute onset periorbital pain, eyelid swelling, proptosis, and ophthalmoplegia. Currently many pathologist and ophthalmologist agreed the term pseudotumor or Tolosa-Hunt syndrome and They classified some cases as characterized histologic and computerized tomographic evidence of inflammation of extraocular muscles, good responsiveness to prednisone, remission and exacerbation, with recurrence, but generally benign condition. The possibility of idiopathic orbital myositis being an immune-mediated process has been discussed. Some believe many of such cases have been grouped under the term Tolosa-Hunt syndrome. It is onloy in the last decade that computerized tomographic scanning has allowed precise localization of the alterations to orbital and retro-orbital strcutures. The term idopathic orbital myositis is precise insofar as it indicates the structures primarily involved ocular muscles. We report a case of idiopathic orbital myositis withr review of literatures.
Exophthalmos ; Eyelids ; Inflammation ; Muscles ; Ophthalmoplegia ; Orbit* ; Orbital Myositis* ; Orbital Pseudotumor ; Prednisone ; Recurrence ; Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome

Dyke-Davidoff syndorme is a rare congenital disorder which developed hemiatropy of brain, enlargement of ventricles and prominent pneumatization of petrous pyramid of the temporal bone. It mainfests unilateral invountary movement such as seizure, athetosis, chorea and mental retardation. This disorder have strong evidence of significance to differential diagnosis of cerebral palsy because of different therapeutic approach and outcome. Recently we examined 10 years old girl who developed seizure at 2 years old and gradually progressed with hemiparesis, hypoplaisa of right side of the body. The brain CT scan showed marked dilatation of lateral ventricle, prominent sylvian fissure and cortical sulci with somewhat thickened skull vault and pneumatization of petrous pyramid of the temporal bone on left side. EEG showed high voltage slow wave and spikes. So we report a case of Dyke-Davidoff syndrome with review of literature.
Athetosis ; Brain ; Cerebral Palsy ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Chorea ; Congenital, Hereditary, and Neonatal Diseases and Abnormalities ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Dilatation ; Electroencephalography ; Female ; Humans ; Intellectual Disability ; Lateral Ventricles ; Paresis ; Petrous Bone ; Seizures ; Skull ; Temporal Bone ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Strokes in young adults are relatively uncommon. It usually occurs in the middle-aged and elderly. Only 3-8% of all strokes occurred in patients aged 15-45 years. But despite of the small percentage of occurance. It had more various and diverse possible causes than strokes in elderly. We evaluated l63 patients aged 15-45 years who were admitted to our hospital during 1985-1989 under diagnosis of cerebral infarction. Intracerebral hemorrhage. And subarachnoid hemorrhage. This group comprised 14.4% of all ages admitted for strokes. Cerebral infarction was diagnosed in 52 patients:the possible causes were hypertension and diabetes mellitus, cardiac embolisms, meningoencephalitis. Puerperium or oral pill, polycythemia, systemic lupus erythemtosus, and etc. Intracerebral hemorrhage was found in 71 patients ; the possible causes were hypertension 'and diabetes mellitus. Ruptured arteriovenous malformations, ruptured aneurysms, Moyamoya diseases, end stage renal disease, and etc. The remaining 40 patients had subarachnoid hemorrhage almost all from ruptured aneurysms. From the above results we found strokes in young adults had various possible causes, and extensive, tailored studies are needed for diagnosis.
Aged ; Aneurysm, Ruptured ; Arteriovenous Malformations ; Cerebral Hemorrhage ; Cerebral Infarction ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Diagnosis ; Embolism ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Kidney Failure, Chronic ; Meningoencephalitis ; Polycythemia ; Postpartum Period ; Stroke* ; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ; Young Adult*

Intracerebral metastases are among the most feared complication of systemic malignant disease and most occur late in the course of the systemic cancer so often are viewed as a terminal maifestation for which diagnosis and treatment are neigher required nor desirable. However, this situation is changing. Improved survival rates with many kinds of cancer have led increasingly to instances where the neurologic complications themselves limit the quality of life, forcing physicians to assume a more active attitude toward the diagnosis and treatment of the neurologic disorder. The authors analysed 125 cases of intracerebral metastatic tumors which are diagnosed with the brain CT scan at Yonsei University, Severance Hospital from January, 1979 to December, 1984 and following results were obtained. 1. Intracerebral metastatic tumors are found in 125 cases(31.2%) of all intracranial neoplasm. 2. The most common primary tumor is lung ca. (50.4%) followed by chorioca. (8%), breast ca. (8%) and GI tract ca. (6.4%) in the order while 16 casese (12.8%) were of unknown primary tumor. 3. Chorioca. (14.9%), melanoma(5.6%), lung ca.(4.2%), kidney ca.(3.3%) and breast ca.(2.3%) exhibit relatively high rate of intracerebral metastasis in the order whereas stomach ca.(0.2%), hepatoma (0.3%) and cervix ca (0.1%), which constitute most common primary maliqnancies in Korea, revealed very low rate of intracerebral metastasis. 4. The youngest patient was 11 years old and the oldest 80. Most intracerebral metastatic tumors, 97%, occur above 30 years of age and peak in the 6th decade (32%). In age below 40, chorioca. Is the most common pimary tumor and the age above 40, lung ca. 5. There is no sexual difference between male and female. In male most conmon primary site is lung (64.6%) followed by GI tract(7.7%)and in female, lung (35%), chorioca. (16.7%) in the order. 6. The most common presenting symptom and sign is headache (58.4%) followed by motor deficit (48.0%), mental deterioration (43.2%) and nausea or vomiting (32.8%). 7. In most of intracerebral metastases the onset is gradual with duration of less than 3 months in 84% whereas in a few patients, 8 cases (6.4%), the onset is apoplectic and the primary sites that revealed apoplectic onset are lun. (3 cases), chorioca. (3 cases), liver (3 cases), unknown (1 cases). 8. Intracerebral metastases are detected simultaneously (50.5%), precociously (3.7%) or after (45.9%) diagnosis of the primary tumor. 9. Average interval between the diagnosis of primary tumor and development of intracerebral metastasis is 9.1 months in total and short in lung, stomach, kidney and liver cancer whereas and long in breast, rectum cancer and sarcoma. 10. In 96 cases who can be reevaluated with brain CT, the findings are as follows; 1) Metastatic lesions are multiple in 67.7% and single in 32.3%. 2) Most intracerebral metastases are located supratentorially (77.%), in 4.2%; infratentorially and in 18.8%; both. 3) Density of lesions are variable from hypodense to hyperdense and intracerebral metastases from chorioca., breast, kidney and nasopharynx ca. Are likely to iso to hyper than hypodense. Calcifications are rare and observed only in 2 cases (2%). 4) Most cases (98.5%) reveal perifocal edema of variable degree while a few patients (11.5%) reveal no edema. 5) Most metastatic lesions demonstrate variable contrast enhancement with nodular type (52.1%), rign type (25.0%), combined (15.6%) and a few patients (7.3%) fail to enhance. 6) Hemorrhages are found in 11 cases (11.5%) and chorioca. (4 cases), hepatoma 3 cases) and lung ca, (3 cases) are the most frequent offenders. 11. Radiation, surgery and chemotherapy seems to improve the prognosis.
Brain ; Brain Neoplasms ; Breast ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; Cervix Uteri ; Child ; Criminals ; Diagnosis ; Drug Therapy ; Edema ; Female ; Gastrointestinal Tract ; Headache ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Kidney ; Korea ; Liver ; Liver Neoplasms ; Lung ; Male ; Nasopharynx ; Nausea ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Neoplasms, Unknown Primary ; Nervous System Diseases ; Prognosis ; Quality of Life ; Rectal Neoplasms ; Sarcoma ; Stomach ; Survival Rate ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Vomiting

Palatal myoclonus is a rare disorder described as separable from the general group of myoclonias as a clinical and antomical entity result from lesion involving the dentato-rubro-olivary pathway and the inferior olivary nucleus. This 21-year-old man was injured in a fall from the roof. On admission to the hospital, he had cerebral contusion and occipital bone fracture with other multiple trauma. On the eleventh day after the injury, he began showing rhythmic, 150/min, bilateral contraction of the palate. This movement disorder has hitherto been considered untreatable when idiopathic origin. But several reports describe improvement of palatal myoclonus during sleep or medical treatment. In this case, palatal myoclonus was absent during sleep and it responded well to oral administration of clonazepam. We report a case of palatal myoclonus which developed after trauma for the first time in Korea.
Administration, Oral ; Clonazepam ; Contusions ; Humans ; Korea ; Movement Disorders ; Multiple Trauma ; Myoclonus* ; Occipital Bone ; Olivary Nucleus ; Palate ; Young Adult

Meige's suydrome is a disorder of adults, and is characterized chiefly by prolonged symmetric dystonic contractions of the orofacial muscles. Eleven patients with prominent orofacial dystonia of unknown cause (Meige's syndrome) were examined at the department of neurology of Yongdong Severance Hospital, Yonsei Unversity Medical Center, and the following results has been obtained. 1. There were 3 men and 8 women. 2. Their ages ranged from 31 to 60 years (mean. 51.2), with the peak incidence in the 6th decade (7 of 11 patients). None of the patients was younger than 30. 3. Blepharospasm was the initial symptom in 11 patients. All patients developed the complete syndrome, blepharospasm and oromandifular dystonia. 4. Response to medication was inconsistent, but 6 of 8 patients trials resulted in some improvement: one with complete remission and 3 with marked imprvement. Clonazepam and trihexyphenidyl (Artane) were useful for the treatment of Meige's syndrome.
Adult ; Blepharospasm ; Clonazepam ; Dystonia ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Muscles ; Neurology ; Trihexyphenidyl

Infection with cytomegalovirus(CMV) during adult life was first recognized in debilitated patients with compromised immune mechanisms, renal transplant recipients, and patients undergoing extracorporeal perfusion or transfusions. CMV infection is very rare in inmunologically normal adult. Recently CMV infection has been reported previously healthy adult, usually wth a predilection for involvement of lung, liver, spleen, hematopoietic system, or heart but central nervous system involvement is apparently rare. This report describes a previously healthy woman who had encephalitis and documented CMV infection by serologic test for CMV. So we report a case with brief review of literature.
Adult* ; Central Nervous System ; Encephalitis* ; Female ; Heart ; Hematopoietic System ; Humans ; Liver ; Lung ; Perfusion ; Serologic Tests ; Spleen ; Transplantation

Eggs of Echinostoma sp. were found from two patients who were hospitalized between Oct. and Dec. 1985. Single dose of 10 mg/kg of praziquantel was prescribed to each patient and after purgation with magnesium salt seven and two adult worms of Echinostoma cinetorchis in respect were recovered from patients. The first case was a 54-year-old male residing at Chungju city in Chungbuk province. He was hospitalized because of severe weight loss and frequent urination. The second case was a 71-year-old male residing at Chungsun-kun in Kangwon province, and hospitalized due to suspected lung cancer. The average size of the eggs found in the stools was 98 x 63 micrometer (the first case) and 100 x 67 micrometer (the second case) respectively, and total nine worms collected were identified as E. cinetorchis.
parasitology-helminth-trematoda ; Echinostoma cinetorchis ; case report ; praziquantel ; intestine

A clinical study was carried out in 16 patients with ataxic hemiparesis who were seen at Young Dong Severance Hospital, and following results were obtained. 1. The age of patients ranged from 37 to 80 years (mean 61.6) and there were 10 men and 6 women. 2. The etiologies were infarction (13 patients), hemorrhage (1 patient), tuberculosis (1 patient), and unknown (1 patient). 3. The sites of lesion were pons (8 patients), internal capsule (4 patients), pons and midbrain (2 patients), midbrain (1 patient), and thalamus (1 patient). 4. The symptoms other than ataxic hemiparesis were dysarthria in the lesion of pons, cranial nerve deficits and dysarthria in the lesion of midbrain, and sensory deficits in the lesion of internal capsule. Usually ataxic hemiparesis is known as a classic form of lacunar symdrome. But now, it is known as a only symptom comples, not a disease entity, that comes by any lesion involving both cortico-spinal tract and dentato-rubro-thalamo-cortical pathway or contico-pontine fiber or ponto-cerebellar fiber.
Cranial Nerves ; Dysarthria ; Female ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Infarction ; Internal Capsule ; Male ; Mesencephalon ; Paresis* ; Pons ; Thalamus ; Tuberculosis