BACKGROUND: Disinfection is essential for the prevention of hospital infection. HICLO-S (Soosan environment Co., Yongin, Korea), one of the electrolyzed oxidized water was recently developed as a disinfectant. This is not costly and does not cause any clinical problems and environmental pollution. We evaluated the disinfective activity of HICLO-S against several clinical isolates of bacteria and yeasts. METHODS: 25 strains of bacteria and two strains of yeast were exposed to HICLO-S (30 & 50 ppm HICLO-S) disinfectant for the various periods (0.5, 1, 2, 4, 8, 10, 15, 20 minutes). After the exposure to HICLO-S disinfectant, 0.01 mL of mixture of microorganisms and HICLO-S was inoculated into brain-heart infusion broth or onto Sabouraud dextrose agar and incubated at 35degrees C for 48hours. RESULTS: All strains of bacteria and yeast were killed within 30 seconds after an exposure to 30 ppm of HICLO-S. All of three strains of spore forming Bacillus subtilis were killed within 4 minutes after an exposure to 30ppm of HICLO-S, but all of three strains were killed within 30 seconds in 50 ppm of HICLO-S. CONCLUSIONS: This study showed that HICLO-S disinfectant was effective for the disinfection of commonly isolated bacteria and yeast from hospital, but less effective against spore-forming bacteria. It may be recommended that HICLO-S should he used for the effective disinfection of skin, instruments and hospital floors.
Agar ; Bacillus subtilis ; Bacteria ; Cross Infection ; Disinfection ; Environmental Pollution ; Glucose ; Gyeonggi-do ; Skin ; Spores ; Water ; Yeasts

BACKGROUND: The risk of rubella infection is higher among hospital employees than others because of more exposure to rubella viruses. Because rubella infection during pregnancy can cause congenital rubella syndrome, special preventive measures should be taken for female employees in the hospital. METHODS: 309 employees in Soonchunhyang Kumi Hospital, aged from 18 to 45 years old, were included this study. Rubella IgG antibody was detected by the method of MEIA (microparticle enzyme immunoassay). And non-immunized employees were received by Wister RA 27/3 rubella vaccination and rechecked rubella antibody titers at 2 months later after vaccination. RESULTS: Among 309 subjects, 276(89.3%) were positive for rubella IgG antibody. The overall mean titer of rubella antibody was 72 IU/mL (SD: 67 IU/mL). The rubella antibody in titer decreased gradually with aging. The seroconversion rate after vaccination was 100%(28/28). CONCLUSIONS: The authors recommend that the employees susceptible to rubella or all employees in the hospital should be vaccinated for preventing rubella.
Aging ; Cross Infection* ; Female ; Gyeongsangbuk-do ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin G ; Middle Aged ; Pregnancy ; Rubella Syndrome, Congenital ; Rubella Vaccine ; Rubella virus* ; Rubella* ; Vaccination*

No abstract available.

To evaluate the morphologic changes of the renal arteries in the condition of high-salt diet, we scheduled the control group which fed routine animal diet added 0.06% of Sodium chloride, low-salt group which fed with 2.0% of sodium chloride, and high-Salt group which fed with 8.0% of sodium chloride. The experimental animals were sacrificed every two weed until 20 weeks of final experimental week. The results obtained were as follow; 1. Slight intimal thickening of the renal arteries is observed from 16th experimental week and continued the end of the experiment in the rats of control group. 2. In low-salt group slight intimal thickening of the renal arteries is observed from 12th experimental week and continued to the end of the experiment. 3. In high-salt group the intimal thickening began from 6th experimental week and its degree was hasten with week, and provoked moderate to high degree of lesion at the end of the experiment. Medial proliferation and degeneration of the intima and media, though their quality is mild, also associated at the end of the experiment.
Animals ; Diet* ; Rats* ; Renal Artery* ; Sodium Chloride

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the change of mucosal immunity in gastric diseases. A quantative analysis of IgA and secretory component(SC) in gastric diseases by immunohistochemical method was performed in 110 specimens. The results are as follows: 1) In normal gastric mucosa, all of 10 cases revealed a negative reaction to antihuman SC but 4 cases were positive for IgA. 2) In chronic superficial gastritis and chronic atrophic gastritis with intestinal metaplasia, the metaplastic cells except for the goblet cells were positive for both IgA and SC. 3) The dysplastic cells were also positive for both IgA and SC, and the regenerating cells in ulcer as well. 4) All of the well differentiated or moderately well differentiated adenocarcinomas showed positive reactions to antihuman IgA and antihuman SC, and the intensity appeared to be stronger in the former. However, among 10 cases of poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma SC was not demonstrated in 5 cases, and no IgA was present in one case. In 10 cases of signet ring cell carcinoma, 6 cases revealed a negative reaction to antihuman IgA and 6 cases to antihuman SC. The above results suggest that the secretory immunity is not essential in normal gastric mucosa. The intestinal metaplasia in chronic gastritis is considered as an adaptive response to chronic inflammation. The degree of differentiation in adenocarcinoma may be related to the mucosal immunity.
Adenocarcinoma

The aim of this study was to clarify the role of Kupffer cells in the mechanism of endotoxin-induced liver injury. The study on fine structure of Kupffer cells was performed after the injection of endotoxin. The endotoxin(Escherichia soli lipopolysaccharide 026: B6, 1.5mg/100 g of body weight) was intraperitoneally injected in Sprague-Dewley rats. Animals were sacrificed at 1/4, 1/2, 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 24, 72 and 120 hours after the injection of endotoxin. Livers were extirpated and processed to be examined by light and electron microscopy. The results obtained were summerized as follows: Early changes observed in liver after endotoxin injection included the increased number and hypertrophy of Kupffer cells, infiltration of neutrophils and presence of fibrin thrombi within the sinusoids. The coritinuous increase of the Kupffer cells in number with hypertrophy, congestion and infiltration of inflammatory cells within the sinusoids were observed. Hepatocytes showed* fatty change and occasional necrosis. At 72 hours the congestion decreased. At 120 hours the number of Kupffer cells was increased, but the morphology of Kupffer cells became similar to that of the control group. The numbers and sizes of primary and secondary lysosomes and amount of euchromatin of Kupffer cells increased. Swellings and increase in number of mitochondria, Golgi complex, smooth endoplasmic reticulum, rough endoplasmic reticulum were evident. Microthrombi were present within the sinusoids. The swelling of rough endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria, decrease of glycogen particles, fatty change, hypoxic vacuoles, pyknotic nuclei and occasional necrosis were observed in hepatocytes. At 72 hours the number of secondary lysosomes in Kupffer cells decreased. At 120 hours the morphology of Kupffer cells became similar to that of the control group. According to these results, it was postulated that the endotoxin was initially taken up by pinocytosis into Kupffer cells and degraded in secondary lysosomes of activated Kupffer cells. Kupffer cells may play an important role in the defense mechanism of liver during endotoxemia. The dysfunction of Kupffer cells and ischemia by sinusoidal microthrombi may cause liver injury.
Animals ; Endoplasmic Reticulum, Rough ; Endoplasmic Reticulum, Smooth ; Endotoxemia ; Estrogens, Conjugated (USP) ; Euchromatin ; Fibrin ; Glycogen ; Golgi Apparatus ; Hepatocytes ; Hypertrophy ; Ischemia ; Kinetics* ; Kupffer Cells* ; Liver ; Lysosomes ; Microscopy, Electron ; Mitochondria ; Necrosis ; Neutrophils ; Pinocytosis ; Rats* ; Vacuoles

A monoclonal antibody to PCNA, which can be used on routinely processed tissue, was applied to 25 cases of gastric adenomas and 64 cases of gastric adenocarcinomas in order to diffentiate adenoma and adenocarcinoma and also to evaluate the prognostic value in adenocarcinoma. The results were summerized as follows: The PCNA labelling index was 29.14+/-12.77% in control, 44.09+/-17.11% in adenoma and 80.15+/-10. 69 in adenocarcinoma, resulting in significant increase in adenocarcinoma compared to adenoma. In adenocarcinoma, no significant correlation was observed between PCNA labelling index and histologic grade, and there -was increased tendency of PCNA labelling index in proportion to depth of invasion without statistical significance. The PCNA index was significantly increased in advanced adenocarcinoma compared to early gastric carcinoma, and also in positive nodal metastasis group than in negative group. From above results, the PCNA stain will be able to provide a helpful method for the differential diagnosis between gastric adenoma and adenocarcinoma, and could be a useful prognostic factor in adenocarcinoma if other factors are considered together.
Adenocarcinoma* ; Adenoma* ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen* ; Stomach

Fibrous histiocytoma composed of fibroblasts and histiocytes is quite variable in histologic pattern. The biologic behavior is unpredictable by histologic ground. This tumor is well-known in subcutaneous tissue and deep soft tissue, but quite rare in central nervous system. We experienced a case of the fibrous histiocytoma involving the dura mater of spinal cord in a 26 year old female patient. In gross findings, the mass was a well demarcated, ovoid mass attached to the dura matter, and measured 2.5x1.5 cm in diameter. The cut surface was rubbery, solid, gray-white or yellow. Microscopically, the lesion consisted of polyhedral cells with round or oval nuclei and faintly eosinophilic or vaculoated cytoplasm, and multinucleated giant cells. Some giant cells were Touton-type. Composing cells were bland-looking. Mitotic figures were average 3 per 10 high power fields.
Female ; Humans

The authors developed a comfortable program for routine work of surgical pathology. We used IBM PC (80386) and Foxbase plus program. The main function of this program was automatic coding and concurrent surgical report printing. During gross printing, previous biopsy number and its diagnosis were automatically searched and printed below gross description. The reported data were stored during surgical report printing simultaneously, and thus the typist's workload became considerably reduced. Search for specific cases could be performed by patient's name, surgical number, hospital number, diagnostic code numbers (SNOMED code micro glossary), and certain disease entities on very short duration.
Biopsy ; Clinical Coding ; Diagnosis ; Pathology, Surgical*

Sclerosing hemangioma of the lung is uncommon benign neoplasm of uncertain histogenesis. Their radiologic appearance is relatively distinct and well defined. Recently we experienced 3 cases of sclerosing hemangioma of the lung in 54, 52, 51 years old women. The light microscopic findings are similar to the features reported by Liebow and Hubbell (1956).
Female ; Histiocytoma, Benign Fibrous* ; Humans ; Lung* ; Pulmonary Sclerosing Hemangioma