No abstract available.
Nose* ; Rhinoplasty*

No abstract available.
Aneurysm* ; Carotid Artery, Internal*

No abstract available.
Purpura, Thrombocytopenic, Idiopathic*

No abstract available.
Hemorrhage*

No abstract available.
Hemorrhage*

Injury to specific areas of the immature brain, in both the human and animals, can result in compensatory reorganization in undamaged adjacent or contralateral areas. The functional plasticity of such compensatory hypertrophy is not well known, but in some cases may be responsible for recovery of function. In order to investigate the effect of unilateral ischemic injury on the contralateral cerebral hemisphere in neonatal rats, early and late changes in various areas of both cerebral hemispheres were assessed. Seventy-seven seven-day-old Sprague-Dawley rats underwent unilateral carotid artery ligation and were then exposed to hypoxia(8% oxygen) for 3 hours. The animals were killed one week(Group I, 58 rats) and three months(Group II, 19 rats) later. Twelve rats, comprising Group III, were exposed to hypoxia for 3 hours without carotid artery ligation. The control group, consisting of 19 rats, did not undergo any of the above procedures. In each slice of brain tissue(4mm posterior to the bregma), the area of the whole brain, each hemisphere, and the frontoparietal, temporal and hippocampal regions in each hemisphere were measured, using the image analysis program(Optimas 5.2), and to assess which regions were affected, proportions of each hemisphere occupied by each region were compared. In Group II, the proportional areas of the frontoparietal(p<0.05) and temporal(p<0.01) regions in the contralateral hemisphere increased significantly, compared with the control group, but the hippocampal region showed no significant change. In Group I, there was no contralateral hypertrophy. The ipsilateral hemisphere showed significant atrophy and there was weight reduction in Groups I(p<0.001) and II(p<0.001). This study suggests that unilateral hypoxia-ischemia results in ipsilateral hemispheric atrophy and contralateral hypertrophy, especially in the frontoparietal and temporal areas, may contribute to some functional recovery and compensation in addition to uncrossed corticospinal or other descending motor systems.
Animals ; Anoxia ; Atrophy ; Brain* ; Carotid Arteries ; Cerebrum* ; Compensation and Redress ; Humans ; Hypertrophy ; Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain* ; Ligation ; Plastics ; Rats* ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Recovery of Function ; Weight Loss

No abstract available.
Child* ; Esophageal and Gastric Varices* ; Humans ; Hypertension, Portal* ; Portal Vein*

No abstract available.
Female ; Humans ; Vaginosis, Bacterial*

We should better not confuse "short nose" with "the nose that the tip of it turned upward regardless of its length". If we simply diagnose "the nose that the tip of it turned upward" as "short nose", we might have the risk of focusing on lengthening the whole nose instead of correcting the angle of the tip of the nose. We, therefore, started to call "the nose that the tip of it turned upward" differently from "short nose" in the cases of Asian patients who have relatively short and small noses. We then decided to classify "the nose that the tip of it turned upward" as "upturned nose". And, in revision cases, we have to be careful about changes of anatomical structures, and the usage of the amount of shared cartilages, we have to be fully aware of various operation procedures to correct upturned nose. Furthermore, we have to consider many other different ways of corrections that possibly need various types of grafts and suture techniques combined or modified from the usual procedures. We achieved satisfactory results by using this new paradigm of "upturned nose" and concepts of procedures to have the better result of reforming the "short nose".
Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Cartilage ; Humans ; Nose ; Rhinoplasty ; Suture Techniques ; Transplants

BACKGROUND: To examine the influencing factors on patients' satisfaction in the emergency department(ED) far quality assurance. METHODS: Patients who visited to the ED were prospectively investigated from November 1 to December 31,1997. Authors developed questionnaire to investigate influencing factors on patients' satisfaction.4 Chi-square test and 115-REL 7.0 were applied far statistical analysis. RESULTS: Patients' satisfaction was significantly related to physical environment variables, accessibility variables, kindness of hospital personnel variables, and patient's trust for doctors variables. In path analysis, willingness for revisit was influenced by patients' satisfaction, accessibility, physical environment, patients' trust for doctors in order, and willingness for recommendation was influenced by accessibility, patients' satisfaction, and kindness of hospital personnel in order. CONCLUSIONS : The influencing factors on patients' satisfaction are physical environment, accessibility, kindness of hospital personnel, and patient's trust far doctors. Willingness far revisit and willingness far recommendation are influenced by patients' satisfaction. In spite of some limitations, the results of this study can be used as a baseline information for exploring the influencing factors on patients' satisfaction. Further comprehensive research efforts should be made on the study of patients' satisfaction in the ED.
Emergencies* ; Emergency Service, Hospital* ; Humans ; Personnel, Hospital ; Prospective Studies ; Surveys and Questionnaires