No abstract available.
Cadherins* ; Carcinogenesis* ; Urinary Bladder*

No abstract available.
Ultrasonography*

The purpose of this experiment was to determine the effect of dividing the periosteum circumferentially on the growth of long bones and the effect of partial division of the periosteum on the formation of angular deformity of growing bones and to investigate the tethering effect of the periosteum on the epiphyseal plate as its possible mechanism. One hundred twenty rabbits, one-month old with average weight of 570g, were divided into four groups. In the first group, the periosteum of the right distal femur was completely divided circumfer- entially; in the control group, the medial aspect of the right distal femur was surgically approached but the periosteum was not divided, in the third group, the medial half of the peristeum of the right distal femur was divided transversely; in the fourth group, the medial half of the periosteum was divided and resutured. Following the operation, X-rays were taken every two weeks until twelfth week and then at twentieth week and the length of the femur and the physis-shaft angle were measured. l. After complete circumferential division of the periosteum, the ratios of right over left femoral length before operation, and two, four, six, eight, ten, twelve, and twenty weeks postoperatively, were 100.0±0.0%, 102.1±0.1%, 102.±0.0%, 102.9±0.0%, 103.5±0.0%, 103.6±0.0%, 103.5±0.0%, and 103.5±0.0%, respectively. The overgrowth was most conspicuous during the first two weeks. On the other hand, in the control group there was slight overgrowth, but this was not statistically significant. 2. After partial division of the periosteum, the physisvhaft angles before operation, and two, four, six, eight, ten, twelve, and twenty weeks postoperatively, were 91.0±1.2, 87.8±2.5,84.4±2.4, 83.1±3.2, 84.2±3.5, 86.4±2.3, 86.2±2.3, and 86.8±1.9, respectively. The valgus deformity was induced most conspicuously during the first four weeks, whereas partial correction of the de- formity took place between the eighth and tenth week postoperatively. After repair of the partially divided periosteum, only 0.9 of angular deformity was observed at sixth week, but this became statistically insignificant at tenth week as were in the complete division and control groups. 3. Histologically, no difference was observed in the cartiage cells of the epiphyseal plate and the bony trabeculae of the metaphysis between the control group and other groups. The divided periosteum regenerated at the ninth week, this being same also in the repaired group. There was no statistical difference in the thickness of the epiphyseal plate between the operated femur and the opposite normal femur in the completely divided group, this being same in the control group. Threr was also no statistical difference in the thickness of the epiphyseal plate between the medical and lateral halves in the partially divided group, this being same in the repaired group. Based on these results, the investigator was able to draw following conclusions. 1. In the growing long bone, complete circumferential division of the periosteum near the epiphyseal plate results in stimulation of growth and lengthening of bone. 2. Partial transverse division of the periosteum results in asymmetrical overgrowth, inducing an angular deformity. 3. It is suggested that the mechanism of overgrowth following division of the periosteum lies in the removal of the tethering effect of the periosteum. These findings may bear clinical implications on leg length inequality and angular deformities following certain fractures and epiphyseal injuries during growth period.
Bone Lengthening ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Femur ; Growth Plate ; Hand ; Humans ; Leg Length Inequality ; Periosteum ; Rabbits ; Research Personnel

Slipped femoral capital epiphysis is a rare entity in Korea and only three cases have been reported so far1,2,3). One of our cases was a unilateral mild chronic slip in a 14 year old boy with Frohlich body type. It was treated by gentle closed reduction followed by knowles' pin fixation. The other case, a 20 year old female, presented chondrolysis of the left hip. Scrutinization of roentgenograms revealed typical features of an unrecognized slipped femoral capital epiphysis. It was treated by Wagner resurfacing replacement arthroplasty.
Arthroplasty, Replacement ; Epiphyses ; Female ; Hip ; Humans ; Korea ; Male ; Somatotypes

A 53-year-old man developed some erythematous follicular macules accompanied with tingling sensation on both shoulders. Histologic finding showed a dense lymphocytic infiltrate around the infundibular portion of the follicle, where separation of the dermoepidermal junction was seen. The insect, obtained from the skin lesion, was identified as a larva of an Ap- hid
Aphids ; Cryptococcosis* ; Humans ; Insect Bites and Stings ; Insects ; Larva ; Middle Aged ; Sensation ; Shoulder ; Skin

Primary Cutaneous Neuroendocrine Carcinoma(CNEC : or Merkel Cell Tumor) usually occurs as a solitary tumor in middle aged to elderly individuals. This tumor may occur on any layer of the skin but the most frequent location is in the dermis. Electron microscopic studies reveal that the tumor cell contains round, dense core granules similar to epidermal Merkel cell and other cells of the neural crest derived APUD system. We describe the clinical, histological, electron microscopic, immunohistochemical observation of a case of primary CNEC in a 66-year-old female and discuss the theories regarding the histogenesis of this unusual tumor.
Aged ; Carcinoma, Neuroendocrine* ; Dermis ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Neural Crest ; Skin

BACKGROUND: External ventricular drainage (EVD) is an important procedure for draining excessive cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and monitoring intracranial pressure. Generally, EVD is performed in the operating room (OR) under aseptic conditions. However, in emergency circumstances, the operation may be performed in the intensive care unit (ICU) to save neuro-critical time and to avoid the unnecessary transfer of patients. In this study, we retrospectively analyzed the risk of EVD-induced CNS infections and their outcomes according to the operating place (ICU versus OR). In addition, we compared mortalities as well as hospital and ICU days between the CNS infection and non-CNS infection groups. METHODS: We reviewed medical records, laboratory data and radiographic images of patients who had received EVD operations between January, 2013 and March, 2015. RESULTS: A total of 75 patients (45 men and 30 women, mean age: 58.7 +/- 15.6 years) were enrolled in this study. An average of 1.4 catheters were used for each patient and the mean period of the indwelling catheter was 7.5 +/- 5.0 days. Twenty-six patients were included in the ICU group, and EVD-induced CNS infection had occurred in 3 (11.5%) patients. For the OR group, forty-nine patients were included and EVD-induced CNS infection had occurred in 7 (14.3%) patients. The EVD-induced CNS infection of the ICU group did not increase above that of the OR group. The ICU days and mortality rate were higher in the CNS infection group compared to the non-CNS infection group. The period of the indwelling EVD catheter and the number of inserted EVD catheters were both higher in the CNS infection group. CONCLUSIONS: If the aseptic protocols and barrier precautions are strictly kept, EVD in the ICU does not have a higher risk of CNS infections compared to the OR. In addition, EVD in the ICU can decrease the hospital and ICU days by saving neuro-critical time and avoiding the unnecessary transfer of patients. Therefore, when neurosurgeons decide upon the operating place for EVD, they should consider the benefits of ICU operation and be cautious of EVD-induced CNS infection.
Catheter-Related Infections ; Catheters ; Catheters, Indwelling ; Cerebrospinal Fluid ; Drainage* ; Emergencies ; Female ; Humans ; Intensive Care Units* ; Critical Care* ; Intracranial Pressure ; Male ; Medical Records ; Mortality ; Operating Rooms* ; Retrospective Studies ; Ventriculostomy

No abstract available.
Diagnosis* ; Humans

No abstract available.
Child* ; Epidemiologic Studies* ; Gastroenteritis* ; Humans ; Rotavirus*

Horizontal Mattress Suture Technique on Microvascular Anastomosis of rat (body weight: 200-250 gm) femoral artery was evaluated. The present study was conducted to compare the horizontal mattress suture with simple interrupted suture on the suture time, patency rate of the sutured vessels, and the histological changes of surgical site of the vessel wall during wound healing period. The mean suture time of the vessel wall with horizontal mattress suture technique was 15 min 49 sec ± 2.14, which is significantly shorter than that of simple interrupted suture technique. The patency rate of the sutured vessel in both groups was statistically not different each other till post-operative 3rd day but patency rate of horizontal mattress suture was higher than that of simple interrupted suture at post-operative 3rd week. The histological findings such as intimal noss, medial degeneration and intimal regeneration were similar in both groups.
Animals ; Femoral Artery ; Rats ; Regeneration ; Suture Techniques* ; Sutures* ; Wound Healing