BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of suction drain use following arthroscopic rotator cuff repair by comparing early pain score and range of motion (ROM) between groups with and without suction drains. METHODS: The study included 153 patients with rotator cuff tears who underwent arthroscopic repairs at our clinic from April 2014 to March 2015. Following surgery, a suction drain was used in 85 patients (group D) and not used in 68 patients (group ND). There was no statistical difference between the groups in terms of age, gender, or total operation time. The clinical outcome with regard to pain (assessed by pain scores and analgesic requests) and passive ROM was assessed preoperatively and postoperatively. RESULTS: Immediate postoperative analgesic requirement was significantly higher in group D (p=0.001), although there was no difference in pain outcomes between the groups during the 3-month follow-up period. A statistically significant difference in passive ROM was observed at the postoperative 2- and 6-week follow-ups (p=0.036, 0.035, and 0.034 in forward elevation (FE), external rotation at the side (ER) and 90 ER at weeks 2, respectively; 0.045 and 0.009 in FE and ER at weeks 6, respectively); however no significant difference was observed at the end of 3 months. During the study period, no complication was reported in either group. CONCLUSIONS: Use of suction drains after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair provided little benefit in terms of ROM or pain in the early postoperative period (up to 3 months).
Arthroscopy ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Postoperative Period ; Range of Motion, Articular ; Rotator Cuff* ; Shoulder ; Suction* ; Tears

No abstract available.
Fistula ; Neck* ; Salivary Glands*

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to explore the factors related to internet addiction in college students in Korea. METHODS: This study was a cross-sectional survey of college students in Seoul, and data was collected through self-report questionnaires. Data was analyzed by one-way analysis of variance, Fisher's exact test, Kruskal-Wallis rank test, and ordinary logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: In the ordinary logistic regression analysis, the factors related to a higher risk of internet addiction were lower frequency of exercise (P=0.017), lower level of self-control (P<0.001), higher level of stress (P<0.001), living with parents (P=0.011), using the internet for extended periods of time (P<0.001), and using the internet in their own rooms (P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that exercise, self-control, stress, living with parents, and duration and place of internet use are associated with internet addiction in college students. This information can be used to design methods for preventing internet addiction. More specific studies on internet addiction in college students are needed.
Behavior, Addictive ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Humans ; Hypogonadism ; Internet ; Logistic Models ; Mitochondrial Diseases ; Ophthalmoplegia ; Parents ; Surveys and Questionnaires

No abstract available.
Neurocutaneous Syndromes*

No abstract available.
Neurocutaneous Syndromes*

The aim of this study was to examine the therapeutic potential of sulfasalazine and prednisolone in a mouse collagen antibody-induced arthritis (CAIA) model. Twenty-five male BALB/c mice were randomly divided into five groups: group 1 (G1): control, group 2 (G2): probe control, group 3 (G3): CAIA, group 4 (G4): CAIA+sulfasalazine (10 mg/kg, oral), and group 5 (G5): CAIA+prednisolone (100 mg/kg, oral). Fluorescence bioimaging was performed in vivo 24 and 48 h after treatment with a fluorescence probe (OsteoSense® 680 EX), and all mice were sacrificed. The hind knee joints were fixed in 10% neutral phosphate-buffered formalin, and micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) and histopathological analyses were performed. The paw thickness increased in a time-dependent manner in G3 mice, but trended toward a decrease in both G4 and G5 mice. Fluorescence intensity increased in G3 mice at 24 and 48 h after fluorescence probe treatment, but the fluorescence intensity in G4 and G5 mice was lower than that in G3. Micro-CT analyses showed that the joint surfaces of G3 mice had a rough and irregular articular appearance, but the occurrence of these irregularities was lower in G4 and G5. Hematoxylin and eosin and Safranin O-fast green staining confirmed that destruction of the cartilage and bony structures, synovial hyperplasia, and inflammatory cell infiltration all occurred in G3, and that the occurrence of these phenomena was lower in G4 and G5 than in G3. Taken together, these results suggest that sulfasalazine and prednisolone can reduce acute rheumatoid arthritis in mice.
Animals ; Arthritis* ; Arthritis, Rheumatoid ; Cartilage ; Collagen* ; Eosine Yellowish-(YS) ; Fluorescence ; Formaldehyde ; Hematoxylin ; Humans ; Hyperplasia ; Joints ; Knee Joint ; Male ; Mice* ; Prednisolone ; Sulfasalazine

Based on the review of literatures, this article discussed the frequency and timing of rebleeding after initial subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), and the risk factors and preventive strategy for rebleeding. In view of the active policy of early aneurysm surgery, the peak interval for rebleeding was the first 24 hours after the aneurysmal SAH. Patients with poor grades, ventricular drainage, angiography within 6 hours post-SAH, time interval between the last attack and admission, and reduced platelet function were proposed as a risk factor of rebleeding. Rebleeding from giant aneurysms occurred at a rate comparable to that associated with smaller aneurysm. The efficacy of short-term antifibrinolytic drugs was expected to minimize ultraearly rebleeding. When ventriculostomy is necessary, intracranial pressure should be maintained between 15 and 25 mmHg to minimize transmural pressure gradients. Securing ruptured aneurysm on an emergency basis remained open to debate.
Aneurysm ; Aneurysm, Ruptured ; Angiography ; Blood Platelets ; Drainage ; Emergencies ; Humans ; Intracranial Pressure ; Risk Factors ; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage* ; Ventriculostomy

We evaluated the conditions required for sutures tied to a post for tibial fixation during anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. Harvested porcine tendon was used as a graft material and nonabsorbable suture was used for sutures. Samples were tested for ultimate tensile load and elongation according to thread numbers, knot numbers, suture techniques and stitch numbers. As thread numbers were increased, ultimate tensile load was increased and elongation was decreased. However, more than 4 strands of threads provided the sufficient ultimate tensile load more than 454 N of normal ACL for daily activities. As knot numbers were increased, ultimate tensile load was increased, but elongation was decreased. In terms of failure mode, unraveling occurred 100% in 3 and 4 knots, 81.2% in 5 knots, 54.5% in 6 knots, and 0% in 7 knots. Suture techniques and stitch numbers didn't significantly affect the ultimate tensile load and the elongation. For sutures tied to a post for tibial fixation in ACL reconstruction, more than 4 threads, more than 7 knots, and more than 4 stitches provide adequate ultimate tensile load and elongation.
Anterior Cruciate Ligament ; Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction* ; Knee ; Suture Techniques* ; Sutures* ; Tendons* ; Transplants

We have used mivacurium in two myasthenic patients, a generalized myasthenia gravis (MG) patient presenting for thymectomy and a Lambert-Eaton myasthenic (LEM) patient for mediastinoscopic lymph node biopsy. Both of them received nitrous oxide/oxygen (1:1)-narcotic-enflurane anesthesia with mivacurium as a muscle relaxant and the neuromuscular blocking effect of mivacurium was monitored continuously through the operation as well as before the induction of anesthesia. The dose of mivacurium for MG patient was 5.5 mg and LEM patient was 12 mg, because MG patient showed more severe clinical symptoms. The response to train-of-four (TOF) ulnar nerve stimulation was recorded using accelography. The onset times to maximal block in MG and LEM patients were 30 and 120 sec, respectively after injection and the recovery times to 25% from maximal block were 117 and 76 min, respectively. Mivacrium would be safe and appropriate for use in myasthenic patients, with relatively small dose under the neuromuscular monitoring.
Anesthesia ; Biopsy ; Humans ; Kinetocardiography ; Lymph Nodes ; Myasthenia Gravis ; Neuromuscular Blockade ; Neuromuscular Monitoring ; Thymectomy ; Ulnar Nerve

Holoprosencephaly is a rare and complex malformation affecting the cleavage of the developing forebrain and is usually associated with defects of the mid Face. We have experienced a case of holoprosencephaly, diagnosed prenatally by ultrasound examination at 31 weeks of pregnancy in a 31-year-old primigravida woman. This case is characterized by holoprosencephaly, cleft palate, cleft lip, left renal aplasia and right renal hypertrophy. The chromosomal study showed a deletion of the long arm of chromosome 7, 46, XX, del(7)(q32), We report with a terminal deletion of chromosome 7q associated with atypical clinical picture and holoprosencephaly.
Adult ; Arm ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 7 ; Cleft Lip ; Cleft Palate ; Female ; Holoprosencephaly* ; Humans ; Hypertrophy ; Pregnancy ; Prosencephalon ; Ultrasonography