Computed tomography revealed variable sized small areas of extremely low attenuation in the right orbit of a45-year-old woman who had fallen face down. The appearance and attenuation of the areas suggested air, but on widewindow-width images attenuation was seen to be higher than that of sinus air. We report a case involvingintraorbital wood foreign bodies which on CT mimicked the appearance of air and which were surgically removed.
Female ; Foreign Bodies* ; Humans ; Orbit ; Wood*

No abstract available.
Brain Injuries* ; Child* ; Glasgow Coma Scale ; Humans

The purpose of this study is to identify a group of mild head injury patients having lesions on computerized tomography(CT) and to investigate the risk factors affecting the abnormal findings on CT scan. The study was limited to patients 16 years of age and older with a initial Glasgow Coma Scale(GCS) scores of at least 13 at the time of admission. Of a total of 243 patients studied, 156(64.2%) had abnormal CT findings. 49 patients(20.2%) required neurosurgical intervention(craniotomies for hematoma in 33, hematoma in 1 and subdural hygroma in 3). Four patients(2.4%) died of their cranial injury and three died of extracranial causes. The incidence of CT abnormalities for each GCS score was 86.7% in GCS of 13, 68.6% in GCS of 14, and 58.6% in GCS of 5. The factors affecting GCS scores at the time of admission were the presence of loss of consciousness and posttraumatic amnesia. The factors affecting abnormal CT scans were the presence of posttraumatic amnesia and skull fracture. A new lesion of extension of the initial finding on follow-up CT scans was found in 9.3% of 75 patients who underwent follow-up CT scans. Even though routine CT scans for mild head injury patients are not always necessary, these result suggest that all patients admitted to hospital after mild head injury should undergo CT scanning to enable early detection of an intracranial lesion.
Amnesia ; Coma ; Craniocerebral Trauma* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Glasgow Coma Scale ; Head* ; Hematoma ; Humans ; Incidence ; Risk Factors ; Skull Fractures ; Subdural Effusion ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed* ; Unconsciousness

For a missing teeth, orthodontic treatment may be a better choice of treatment in comparison to a conventional prosthetic replacement such as FPD, resin bonded prosthesis in view of aesthetics, periodontal health and function. Occasionally after an orthodontic treatment, an insufficient space may occur. The mini-implant could be an alternative in situations of narrow ridge dimension, where conventional root form implant could be compromised. The aim of this clinical report is to describe how a space that could not be restored with a traditional root form endosteal implant was managed and to present a technique to achieve optimal anterior esthetics in single implant restoration.
Esthetics ; Prostheses and Implants ; Tooth*

No abstract available.
Pulmonary Artery*

No abstract available.
Humans ; Peritoneal Dialysis, Continuous Ambulatory* ; Pregnancy*

PURPOSE: To evaluate the characteristic CT and cerebral angiographic findings in patients with acutespontaneous subdural hematomas and correlate these imaging findings with causes of bleeding and clinical outcome. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-one patients with nontraumatic acute spontaneous subdural hematoma presentingduring the last five years underwent CT scanning and cerebral angiography was performed in twelve. To determinethe cause of bleeding, CT and angiographic findings were retrospectively analysed. Clinical history, laboratoryand operative findings, and final clinical outcome were reviewed. RESULTS: The 21 cases of acute spontaneoussubdural hematomas were caused by cerebral vascular abnormalities(n=10), infantile hemorrhagic disease(n=5), orwere of unknown origin(n=6). All ten cases of cerebral vascular abnormality were confirmed angiographically; sixwere aneurysms, three were arteriovenous malformations, and one was moyamoya disease. On CT, subarachnoidhemorrhage was seen to be associated with aneurysms, intracerebral hemorrhage with arteriovenous malformations,and intraventricular hemorrhage with moyamoya disease. All five patients with hemorrhagic disease were infantsaged 1-17 months ; characteristic diffuse distribution of subdural hematoma in both temporoparietal-occipitalregions is typical. The average overall mortality rate was 52.4%(11/21). In patients with cerebral vascularabnormalities, mortality was as low as 20%(2/10), but in hemorrhagic disease was high (60%). In cases of unknownorigin it was 100%. CONCLUSION: Acute spontaneous subdural hematoma is a rare condition, and the mortality rateis high. In patients with acute spontaneous subdural hematoma, as seen on CT, associated subarachnoid orintracerebral hemorrhage is strongly indicative of intracerebral vascular abnormalities such as aneurysm andarteriovenous malformation, and cerebral angiography is necessary. To ensure proper treatment and thus morkedlyreduce mortality, the causes of bleeding should be prompty determined by means of cerebral angiography.
Aneurysm ; Arteriovenous Malformations ; Cerebral Angiography ; Cerebral Hemorrhage ; Hematoma ; Hematoma, Subdural* ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Intracranial Aneurysm ; Mortality ; Moyamoya Disease ; Retrospective Studies ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Carcinosarcoma of the pancreas is a rare malignant tumor that shows a combined or mixed proliferation of carcinomatous and sarcomatous cells. This tumor has been variously called carcinosarcoma, pleomorphic large cell carcinoma, giant cell carcinoma, and undifferentiated carcinoma. A 52-year-old man was hospitalized for evaluation of his epigastric pain and jaundice. An abdominal computed tomography revealed the presence of a poorly enhancing mass, arising from the head of the pancreas. Pylorus preserving pancreaticoduodenectomy was performed. The final pathologic diagnosis was undifferentiated carcinoma with 2 distinct components. One component was a conventional infiltrating pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, and the other component was sarcoma. We present here a case of carcinosarcoma of the pancreas along with a review of the literatures.
Adenocarcinoma ; Carcinoma ; Carcinoma, Giant Cell ; Carcinoma, Large Cell ; Carcinosarcoma* ; Diagnosis ; Head ; Humans ; Jaundice ; Middle Aged ; Pancreas* ; Pancreatic Ducts ; Pancreaticoduodenectomy ; Pylorus ; Sarcoma

Some patients have ascites without having liver disease, so it is important to analyze the cause of these ascites. Tuberculous peritonitis is an infectious disease characterized by lymphocyte-dominant exudative ascites. In contrast, myxedema ascites is a very rare disease characterized by a high serum/ascites albumin gradient (SAAG) with hypothyroidism. We herein report a case involving a 48-year-old woman with both diseases simultaneously. She was hospitalized because of massive ascites, generalized edema, and a puffy face. Hypothyroidism was confirmed by thyroid function tests. Her ascitic fluid had a high SAAG; no other specific findings were identified by cytology, culture, or computed tomography. Three months after initiating drug therapy for the hypothyroidism, the patient's systemic edema improved but the ascites recurred. Accordingly, diagnostic laparoscopy was performed, and tuberculous peritonitis was confirmed. As seen in this case, when myxedema ascites is associated with tuberculous peritonitis, an accurate diagnosis may be challenging.
Ascites* ; Ascitic Fluid ; Communicable Diseases ; Diagnosis ; Drug Therapy ; Edema ; Female ; Humans ; Hypothyroidism ; Laparoscopy ; Liver Diseases ; Middle Aged ; Myxedema* ; Peritonitis, Tuberculous* ; Rare Diseases ; Thyroid Function Tests

PURPOSE: To evaluate the frequency, distribution, appearance, and clinical outcome of brainstem injury, asseen on MR, in a prospective study of patients with traumatic perimesencephalic subarac-hnoid hemorrhage (pSAH)seen on initial CT scan. MATERIALS AND METHODS: MR images were prospectively obtained in 38 patients with headinjury who on initial CT scans showed pSAH. To identify the amount and location of pSAH, the CT scans of allpatientd, and MRI findings were evaluated according to the presence, location and signal intensity of brainsteminjury, and other combined intracranial injuries. Initial Glasgow coma scale(GCS) and Glasgow outcome scale(GOS),as noted on clinincal records, were reviewed. RESULTS: Brainstem injury was demonstrated on MR images in 30patients(79%). The majority of these lesions (76.7%) were located in the dorsolateral portion, and nonhemorrhagiclesions were more frequent(70%) than hemorrhagic. In patients with brainstem injury, as seen on MR imaging, theGOS score was worse, especially in those with combined diffuse axonal injury in the corpus callosum and cerebralwhite matter. The location and amount of pSAH seen on CT was not related with brainstem injury or clinicaloutcome. CONCLUSION: The presence of pSAH in patients with acute head trauma, as seen on CT was thought to be anindicator of brainstem injury, and MR imaging was necessary. If such injury was identified on MRI, this waspredictive of a worse clinical outcome.
Brain Stem* ; Coma ; Corpus Callosum ; Craniocerebral Trauma ; Diffuse Axonal Injury ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Prospective Studies ; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage* ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed