Metanephric adenoma is a rare renal epithelial tumor. Its light microscopic features are very characteristic, and immunohistochemical and electron microscopic studies are not critical to the diagnosis. The literature indicate that, to date, the tumor has behaved in a benign fashion, and predominantly but not exclusively occurred in middle-aged women. It occurs in a wide range up to 11 cm and is usually an incidental finding but may be symptomatic with hematuria or flank pain. Recently, we have experienced a case of renal tumor showing distinctive adenomatous features, which is incidentally found in a 52-year-old female. This tumor is confined to the renal cortex and is well-circumscribed with a characteristic uniform and orderly proliferation of compact well-differentiated small tubules lined by bland oval cells with a very low level of mitotic activity. The term metanephric adenoma is appropriate for this tumor because it accurately describes its bland proliferation of tubules and reflects the embryonic architectural and cytological appearance of this proliferation. The pattern of the tumor, with its occasional papillary glomeruloid- like bodies and foci of elongated tubules, is reminiscent of the fetal metanephric kidney.
Adenoma* ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Flank Pain ; Hematuria ; Humans ; Incidental Findings ; Kidney* ; Middle Aged

In order to evaluate the genotoxic hazard among workers potentially exposed to low level petrochemical substances, the analyses of micronuclei (MN) and sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs) in lymphocytes were performed in 46 male workers (as exposed group) and 46 nonexposed subjects (as control group). Mean frequencies of MN and SCEs (respectively, 12.9/1000 cells and 6.5/cell) in exposed group were very significantly higher than those (10.2/1000 cells and 5.4/cell) in control group. And there were also significant differences in mean frequencies of MN and SCEs adjusted for age, employment duration, smoking, and drinking between two groups. Median frequencies of MN and SCEs in exposed group were very significantly higher than those in control group. Frequencies of SCEs were higher in smokers than in non-smoker. Frequencies of MN in smokers, however, were similiar to those of non-smoker. Interaction between exposure and smoking on MN and SCEs induction was not observed. The results suggest that there is genotoxic hazard in high risk group like workers handling carcinogens in petrochemical plants and the analyses of MN and SCEs are useful biomarkers for the exposure to hazard substances even at the level below the exposure limit.
Biological Markers ; Carcinogens ; Drinking ; Employment ; Humans ; Lymphocytes ; Male ; Sister Chromatid Exchange ; Smoke ; Smoking

No abstract available.
Abdominal Cavity* ; Catheters* ; Diaphragm*

This investigation evaluated the fracture toughness (KIC) of eight currently available core materials, and relate the fracture toughness value to fractography analysis and surface characteristics using a atomic force microscope (AFM). Single-edge notched (SEN) test specimens (n=10) and compact tension (CT) test specimens (n=10) were prepared conforming to the ASTM Standard E-399 for a high copper amalgam, three composite core materials (Core-Max II, Core Paste, Bisfil Core), two reinforced composite core materials (Ti-Core, Ti-Core Natural), a resin-modified glass ionomer core material (Vitremer), and a conventional glass ionomer core material (Ketac-Molar). The specimens were tested with an Instron Universal Testing Machine. The maximum loads were measured to calculate the fracture toughness (KIC). Thereafter, fracture surfaces of SEN specimens of each material were investigated for fractography analysis using scanning electron microscope. And, disc-shaped specimens with 1mm thickness were fabricated for each material and were investigated under AFM for surface morphology analysis. The results were as follows : 1. Bisfil Core showed the highest mean fracture toughness regardless of test methods. 2. For the tooth-colored materials, Ti-Core Natural exhibited the highest fracture toughness. 3. Ketac Molar showed a significantly low fracture toughness when compared with the amalgam and the composite resin core materials (p<0.05). 4. The fracture toughness values obtained with the single-edge notched test, except Ketac Molar, were higher than those obtained in the compact tension test. 5. SEM revealed that the fracture surface of high fracture toughness material was rougher than that of low fracture toughness material. 6. AFM revealed that the surface particles of the composite resins were smaller in size, with a lower surface roughness than the glass ionomer core materials.
Composite Resins ; Copper ; Glass ; Molar

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study is followings: First, to find out similarity in anesthesiology related terminology in Korea, China and Japan. Second, to clarify the use of Chinese character in making anesthetic terminology in Korea. Third, in attempt to explore the criteria in making terminology. METHODS: 335 terms were selected in anesthetic terminology book and allocated to English term. RESULTS: 44 terms(13%) were same in Chinese character among three countries, 144 terms(43%) were different in each other, 141 terms (42%) were same between two countries (Korea-China 9, Korea-Japan 130 and China-Japan 2). CONCLUSIONS: Only small terms were same in three countries and nearly half of terms were different. Most of same terms in two countries came from Korea-Japan. It seemed that three countries had their own terms in anesthesiology. Making terminology with Chinese character were not believed to be the best and only way. Moreover, it was suspicious using Chinese character as communicating tool among three countries. Creative efforts with our own native language for better terminology in this field were expected.
Anesthesiology* ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; China* ; Humans ; Japan* ; Korea* ; Publications

PURPOSE: This study is to assess the occurence rate, severity, and duration of the back pain after lumbar puncture. METHODS: The occurence rate, severity and duration of the back pain that developed after lumbar puncture were recorded prospectively in patients with aseptic meningitis who had been admitted to the department of Pediatrics, St. Benedict Hospital in Pusan, from May 1993 to July 1993. The cases with traumatic taps, repeated taps, undelying diseases and age group below 2 year were excluded. The overall number of cases included in this study was 136. RESULTS: 1) In the 136 patients, back pain was developed in 53 cases (39.0%) after lumbar puncture and mean age of 53 cases was 5.4+/-2.8 years and male to female ratio was 1.4:1. 23 cases (16.9%) were mild, 17 cases (12.5%) were moderate and 13 cases (9.6%) were severe. 2) On each age group, the incidence of back pain was as followed : These were 21 patients (38.9%) out of 54 cases in group 1 (2-4 yrs), 22 patients (37.3%) out of 59 cases in group 2 (5-8 yrs) and 10 patients (43.5%) out of 23 cases in group 3 (9-12yrs). After lumbar puncture, there were no significant correlations between occurence rate of back pain and age groups. 3) The mean intervals between onset of back pain and lumbar puncture were 0.5 day in 8 patients, 0.5-1.0 day in 25 patients (47.2%), 1.0-1.5 days in 12 patients (22.6%), and 1.5-2.0 days in 4 patients. 4) The mean duration of the back pain was 2.4+/-1.3 days, and 1.4+/-0.8 days in mild pain group, 2.9+/-1.2 days in moderate pain group and 3.3+/-1.2 days in severe pain group. The mean duration of the back pain was significantly longer in moderate and severe pain groups than mild pain group (p<0.01). CONCLUSIONS: In the patient with aseptic meningitis, occurence rate of the back pain after lumbar puncture was 39.0%. All back pain were subsided within six days after onset of pain.
Back Pain* ; Busan ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Meningitis, Aseptic* ; Pediatrics ; Prospective Studies ; Spinal Puncture*

Interstitial cystitis is an extremely painful and distressing condition, characterized by severe suprapubic pain, which increases with bladder filling and is relieved by voiding. The daily frequency of micturition may approach 100 times, but no incontinence is observed. The symptoms persist throughout the night, which consequently affects sleep. The etiology of this condition is still unknown, but includes infection, autoimmune response, allergic reaction, neurogenic inflammation, epithelial dysfunction and inherited susceptibility. Herein, a case of interstitial cystitis, with severe symptoms, which was successfully treated with lumbar sympathetic block, is reported.
Autoimmunity ; Cystitis, Interstitial* ; Hypersensitivity ; Neurogenic Inflammation ; Urinary Bladder ; Urination

In the autoimmune hemolytic anemia abnormal antibodies directed against red cells are produced by the patient himself. The pathologic mechanism in which erythrocyte survival is decreased as a result of the deposition of specific antibody on the red cell surface is uncertain. The abnormal antibody is most freqeuntly of the lgG or IgM class and occasionally may be IgA. A case of autoimmune hemolytic anemia was confirmed by CBC and Coombs test in a 11years old boy. We are reporting the laboratory data and our experiences of the patient with the reviews of the literatures.
Anemia, Hemolytic, Autoimmune* ; Antibodies ; Coombs Test ; Erythrocyte Aging ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin A ; Immunoglobulin M ; Male

Neuroblastoma is one of the most common malignant tumor in infant and children, which arises from sympathetic nerveous system. this is almost always lethal in children when regional extension or dissemination exists at the time of diagnosis. An exception exists in a special pattern of metastasis to the liver, skin or bone mawow which has batter prognosis. We had experienced a case of generalized disseminated neuroblastoma in 7years and 6 month olds girl which was arised from posterior mediastinum. It was confirmed histologically and by a value of urine VMA. So, we had treated with anticancer drugs I.V. for 68 weeks but the patient expired on May, 1978. Pertinent literatures concerning neuroblastoma were also reviewed.
Child ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Liver ; Mediastinum ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Neuroblastoma* ; Prognosis ; Skin

BACKGROUND: The APACHE II scoring system has been regarded as a useful tool in the assessment of the severity of injury and prognosis for acutely ill patients. Recently, there have been many reports that multiple organ failure(MOF) score is the better predictor of the mortality of critically ill patients than any other scoring system. The purpose of this study was to compare APACHE II score and MOF score for mortality prediction in critically ill patients. METHODS: 163 critically ill patients were studied. We analyzed the correlation between the mortality rate and the scores that were produced by APACHE II and MOF scoring system within the first 24 hours in the ICU. We analyzed the correlation between each score and the number of days of ICU stay. We also calculated the mortality rate according to the number of organ failure. RESULTS: 1) The APACHE II score and MOF score of the survivors(n=129) were 9 6 and 1 1, respectively and those of nonsurvivors(n=34) were 16 7 and 5 2(mean SD), respectively. 2) The r2 was 0.62 between APACHE II score and mortality rate, and 0.77 between MOF score and mortality rate. 3) The r2 was 0.06 between APACHE II score and ICU stay, 0.01 between MOF score and ICU stay. 4) The mortality rates were 0, 2, 20, 64, 73, 75 and 100 % in 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 organ failures, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The MOF score was more sensitive predictor of the mortality of critically ill patients than the APACHE II score.
APACHE* ; Critical Illness* ; Humans ; Critical Care ; Mortality* ; Multiple Organ Failure* ; Prognosis