No abstract available.
Fertilization in Vitro* ; Humans ; Twins* ; Umbilical Cord*

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to evaluate the differences in patients with positional dependent sleep apnea according to their non-supine apnea-hypopnea index (AHI, > or =5 vs. <5). METHODS: 92 patients with positional sleep apnea were evaluated. The patients were divided into two groups : group I was non-supine AHI having > or =5 ; group II was non-supine AHI having less than 5. Statistical analysis was performed to find the difference between two groups. RESULTS: In 92 patients, the number of group I patients was 11 (12%) and the number of group II patients was 81 (88%). In the severe AHI group, percentage of group I was dominated (70%) and showing a significant difference compared with the mild and moderate AHI groups (p<.05). In the severe body mass index (BMI) group, percentage of group I was dominated (54.5%) and showing a significant difference compared with of the mild and moderate BMI groups (p<.05). The percentage of group I was significantly higher than group II (p<.05) in the AHI, supine AHI, non-supine AHI and snore time. CONCLUSIONS: In patients with positional sleep apnea, severe OSA and high BMI are more common in patients with non-supine AHI> or =5 than non-supine AHI<5.
Body Mass Index ; Humans ; Sleep Apnea Syndromes ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive

We reviewed the clinical features, histrologic patterns and clinical courses of 30 children with lupus nephritis retrospectively, and the results were summerized as follows; 1) The male to female ratio was 1:2.8, and the mean age at the onset was 10 8/12 years. 2) The clinical symptoms were diverse, and malaise, weight loss, anorexia, fever and malar rash were the most frequent findings. 3) Among the immunologic tests, FANA and anti-ds-DNA test revealed the highest sensitivity with positive rates of 97% and 87%, respectively. 4) Clinically, 57% of patients had active nephrotic syndrome at the onset, and 33% showed (?) was the most common findings (70%). 5) During the follow-up period, one children with Class IV lupus nephritis expired. And 8 out of 9 cases with renal insufficiency at the onset showed improvement of renal function after treatment with corticosteroid and cytotoxic agents. In conclusion, the clinical features and histologic findings of lupus nephritis in children were diverse. Early diagnosis and proper treatment can prevent rapid deterioration of renal function and improve long-term survival rate.
Anorexia ; Child* ; Cytotoxins ; Early Diagnosis ; Exanthema ; Female ; Fever ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Immunologic Tests ; Lupus Nephritis* ; Male ; Nephrotic Syndrome ; Renal Insufficiency ; Retrospective Studies ; Survival Rate ; Weight Loss

STUDY DESIGN: A retrospective analysis of 166 patients was undertaken to observe radiologically the changes of adjacent segments at follow-up more than three years after lumbar fusion. OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study is to analyse the changes of adjacent segments and to correlate these changes to the length of using level and to the degree of deviation from physiologic lumbar lordosis. The authors also correlate these radiologic changes to the clinical symptoms. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In simple x-ray, authors observed traction spur, disc space narrowing, endplate sclerosis and vacuum phenomenon of adjacent segments. Authors used Gelb's criteria in segmental lordosis angle(SLA) and Katz's classification in clinical results. RESULTS: The average age was 49.6 years old and the average follow-up period was 57.2 months(4 years and 9.2 months). We observed radiologically the traction spurs in 35 cases(21.1%), end-plate sclerosis in 32 cases(19.3%), disc space narrowing in 33 cases(19.9%) and the vacuum phenomenon in 10 cases(6.0%). The numbers of fusion segments and the degree of unphysiologic segmental lordosis angle in fusion segments were related with the frequency and degree of changes of adjacent segments(P<0.05). The clinical results showed satisfaction in 142 cases(85.5%), unsatisfaction in 24 cases(14.5%) and low back pain in 24 cases(14.5%), leg pain in 11 cases(6.6%) and extension of fusion level in 4 cases(2.4%). In low back pain patients more than two kinds of radiological changes were frequently observed than the patients without low back pain(P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The radiological changes of adjacent segments were more frequently observed in long fusion and in fusion with unphysiologic lumbar lordosis angle. And these changes are frequently associated with low back pain. Thus long fusion and fusion with unphysiologic lumbar lordosis angle should be avoided if possible.
Animals ; Classification ; Follow-Up Studies* ; Humans ; Leg ; Lordosis ; Low Back Pain ; Retrospective Studies ; Sclerosis ; Spinal Fusion* ; Traction ; Vacuum

We experience a case of plexiform neurofibroma in a 10-year-old girl who had unusual giant pigmentation and multiple skcletal abnormalities including pectus cariimtum. Histologic examination of the lesion taken from right upper arm permitted a diagnosis of plexiform neurofibroma.
Arm ; Child ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Neurofibroma, Plexiform* ; Pigmentation*

We experience a case of plexiform neurofibroma in a 10-year-old girl who had unusual giant pigmentation and multiple skcletal abnormalities including pectus cariimtum. Histologic examination of the lesion taken from right upper arm permitted a diagnosis of plexiform neurofibroma.
Arm ; Child ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Neurofibroma, Plexiform* ; Pigmentation*

Cyclodialysis and ciliochoroidal detachment was performed in one eye of three rabbits and in one eye of another three rabbits respectively. 0.1 ml of 10% sodium fluorescein was injected intracamerally after aspiration of aqueous humor and the eyeball was enucleated between 30 minutes and one hour after sodium fluorescein injection and prepared for fluorescence microscopy. Sodium fluorescein concentration in supraciliary space was much greater in group with cyclodialysis or ciliochoroidal detachment than in normal control group. These results suggest that in the eye with cyclodialysis, aqueous humor may gain access freely to supraciliary space through the cleft between anterior chamber and supraciliary space and then is removed rapidly and in the eye with ciliochoroidal detachment, aqueous humor may pass through uveoscleral outflow pathway.
Anterior Chamber ; Aqueous Humor* ; Fluorescein ; Microscopy, Fluorescence ; Rabbits

No abstract available.
Rickettsia typhi* ; Rickettsia*

A 34-year-old woman presented with several intensely pruritic erythematous serpiginous thread-like skin lesions which began as a small papule on the epigastrium 4 months prior to her visit and was migrating to the left chest area. The laboratory examination showed eosinophilia and the total serum IgE level was slightly increased. Histopathologic examination revealed a pustular burrow in the epidermis with a larva-like cystic lesion apart from the burrow in the epidermis. The patient was treated with topical 10 % albendazole cream 3 times daily for 1 week without recurrence for 22 months up to now. We thought this was a rare case which was confirmed by a skin biopsy showing larva in the epidermis.
Adult ; Albendazole ; Biopsy ; Eosinophilia ; Epidermis ; Female ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin E ; Larva ; Larva Migrans* ; Recurrence ; Skin ; Thorax

A clinical observation was made on 13 cases of pediatric urolithiasis admitted to the Department of Urology. Han Il Hospital during the period from Jan., 1971 to Dec., 1975, and the following results were obtained. 1) Among 78 cases of pediatric in-patient, 13 cases were pediatric urolithiasis, 10 cases were male and 3 cases were female. 2) Age distribution was between 2 and 13 years, showing the highest incidence in 7yrs (23.0%). 3) The etiology of urinary tract stone: 2 cases in congenital anomaly, 8 cases in idiopathic, 1 case in foreign body, 1 case in immobilization, 1 case in recurrent infection. 4) Locational distribution of urinary tract stone was 5 cases in ureter, 4 cases in bladder, 3 cases in urethra, 2 cases in kidney. 5) The largest stone extracted was 2.0cm in size. 6) The common clinical manifestation of upper urinary tract stone included flank pain (71.4). hematuria (57. 1%) and lower urinary tract stone included painful urination (85. 7%), frequent urination (71.4%). 7) The most frequent method of treatment was lithotomy(57%). 8) The results of chemical analysis of 9 urinary calculi showed ca. oxalate in 33.3%, cal. Phosphate + oxalate in 33.3%.
Age Distribution ; Female ; Flank Pain ; Foreign Bodies ; Hematuria ; Humans ; Immobilization ; Incidence ; Kidney ; Male ; Ureter ; Urethra ; Urinary Bladder ; Urinary Calculi ; Urination ; Urolithiasis* ; Urology