No abstract available.
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In present study, the mechanism for oxygen-glucose deprivation -induced [3H]gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) from cerebral cortex slices of the rat was examined. Deprivation of oxygen and glucose(OGD) from Mg2+-free artificial cerebrospinal fluid, induced significant release of [3H]GABA (7.4+/-0.6% of total tissue content) from cerebral cortex slices. OGD-induced release of [3H]GABA was significantly attenuated by tetrodotoxin(TTX)(1 micrometer), Mg2+(1.2 mM), MK-801(10 micrometer), ketamine(10 micrometer), N-methyl-D-aspartate(NMDA) receptor antagonists, (DNQX)(30 micrometer), and 6-cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione(CNQX)(30 micrometer), kainate/AMPA receptor antagonists, or 6-nitro-7-sulphamoyl-benzo[f]quinoxaline-2, 3-dione(NBQX)(10 micrometer), a selective AMPA receptor blocker. OGD-evoked [3H]GABA release was attenuated by (NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester(L-NAME) and 7-nitronidazole, nitric oxide synthase inhibitors, and methylene blue, potentiated by zaprinast, a cGMP phosphodiesterase inhibitor. OGD-induced release of [3H]GABA was inhibited by nipecotic acid, a selective neuronal GABA transporter blocker, and potentiated by DL-2.4-diamino-n-butyric acid(DABA), a neuronal and glial GABA transporter blocker. Dantrolene (30 micrometer) and 1,2-bis (2-aminophenoxy)-ethane-N, N, N', N'-tetraacetic acid tetrakis (acetoxymethyl) ester(BAPTA-AM)(30 micrometer), inhibitors of intracellular Ca2+ release, verapamil(5 micrometer), omega-conotoxinGVIA(100 nM) and omega-agatoxinIVA(100 nM), inhibitors of voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels, significantly attenuated the OGD-induced release of [3H]GABA. These results suggest that glutamate is involved in OGD-evoked [3H]GABA release, and this release is achieved by Ca2+-dependent exocytosis and reversal of transporters, and can be modulated by various neuronal mechanisms.
Animals ; Cerebral Cortex* ; Cerebrospinal Fluid ; Dantrolene ; Exocytosis ; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid ; Glutamic Acid ; Methylene Blue ; Neurons ; Nitric Oxide Synthase ; Oxygen ; Rats* ; Receptors, AMPA

PURPOSE: We analyzed the clinical outcome of osteosarcoma developed in distal radius and the effect of delayed treatment on prognosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twelve patients with distal radius osteosarcoma were analysed. We categorized patients into two groups of standard treatment or non-standard treatment. The patients of standard treatment group are all stage IIB and non-standard treatment group includes five stage IIB and one stage III. RESULTS: Five-year overall survival and disease-free survival rates of standard treatment group were 100% and 83%. Five-year overall survival rate of non-standard treatment group was 44%. Between two group, there are differences in age, tumor size, surgery type, symptom duration. CONCLUSION: Distal radius osteosarcoma have good prognosis than other extremity osteosarcoma. Survival rate of non-standard treatment group were lower than standard treatment group. Although the prognosis of non standard treatment group is poorer, the duration till death was longer than that of other sites with similar condition. Further multi-institutional study should be needed.
Disease-Free Survival ; Extremities ; Humans ; Osteosarcoma ; Prognosis ; Radius ; Survival Rate

Primary intimal sarcoma of the pulmonary artery is a rare disease and there has been no report of any case originating from the pulmonary valve. Recently we experienced a 62 year-old female patient who had a primary intimal sarcoma of the pulmonary valve with distal metastasis. She was brought to medical attention due to exertional dyspnea facial edema productive coughing and general weakness for 1 month. Chest CT and echocardi-ography suggest an acute pulmonary thromboembolism or tumor. Exploration showed a large polypoid mass arising from the pulmonary leaflets and multiple masses on distal pulmonary arteries. We replaced the pulmonary valve and reconstructed the pulmonary artery. She received radiotherapy 1 month postoperatively and now 4 months after surgery she has begun receiving chemotherapy.
Cough ; Drug Therapy ; Dyspnea ; Edema ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Pulmonary Artery ; Pulmonary Embolism ; Pulmonary Valve* ; Radiotherapy ; Rare Diseases ; Sarcoma* ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association between endometriosis and polymorphisms of N-acetyl transferase 2 (NAT2), glutathione S-transferase M1 (GSTM1), and cytochrome P450 (CYP) 1A1 genes in Korean infertile patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 303 infertile patients who had undertaken diagnostic laparoscopy during January, 2001 through December, 2003 at Samsung Cheil Hospital enrolled in this study. The patients were grouped according to laparoscopic findings: minimal to mild endometriosis (group I: n=147), moderate to severe endometriosis (group II: n=57), normal pelvic cavity (n=99). Peripheral blood was obtained and genomic DNA was extracted. The genotypes of each genes were analyzed using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP). For NAT2, RFLP was used to detect the wild type (wt) and mutant (mt) alleles, enabling classification into slow (mt/mt) or fast (wt/wt or wt/mt) acetylation genotypes. For GSTM1, PCR was used to distinguish active (+/- or +/+) from null (-/-) genotypes. For CYP1A1, MspI digestion was used to detect the wild type (A1A1), heterozygote (A1A2) or mutant (A2A2) genotypes. RESULTS: The genotype frequencies of NAT2 slow acetylator was 12.8%, 10.9%, 12.8% in group I, group II and control, respectively. The genotype frequencies of GSTM1 null mutation was 55.3%, 41.8%, 53.2% in group I, group II and control, respectively. The genotype frequencies of CYP1A1 MspI polymorphism was 16.3%, 9.1%, 18.1% in group I, group II and control, respectively. No significant difference was observed between endometriosis and normal controls in the genotype frequencies of the NAT2, GSTM1, CYP1A1 MspI polymorphism. CONCLUSION: The NAT2, GSTM1, CYP1A1 gene polymorphism may not be associated with the susceptibility of endometriosis in Korean women.
Acetylation ; Alleles ; Classification ; Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1 ; Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System* ; Cytochromes* ; Digestion ; DNA ; Endometriosis* ; Female ; Genotype ; Glutathione Transferase* ; Glutathione* ; Heterozygote ; Humans ; Laparoscopy ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length ; Transferases*

Pathophysiology of brain ischemia is characterixed by a complex cascade of hemodynamic, electrophysiological and biochemical processes. It has been generally accepted that glutamate mediates the ischemic brain damage, excitotoxicity, and induce neurotramsmitter release from various brain tissues in ischemic milieu. In presen study, the mechanism for ischemia-induced [3HT]5-hydroxytryptamine(5-HT) from cerebral cortex slices of the rat was examined. Ischemia, deprivation of oxygen and glucose from Mg2+-free artificl cerebrospinal fluid, induced significiant release of [3H]5-HT(7.2+0.6% of total tissue content) from the tissues. This ischemia-induced release of [3H]5-HT from the slices was significiantly attenuated by TTX(1 yM), Mg2+(102mM). MK-801(10yM), ketamine(10yM), NMDA receptor antagonists, DNQX(30yM), a kainate/AMPA receptor antagonist, or carbetapentane(31yM), an inhibitor of glutamate release. Fluoxetine, a selective blocker for 5-HT transporter, inhibited the ischemia-induced release of [3H]5-HT. Omission of Ca2+ from incubation media potentiated ischemia-evoked [3H]5-HT release and the inhibitory effect of blockers for transporter. Dantrolene (30yM) and ryanodine(100 nM) and -conotoxinGVIA(100 nM), inhibitors of N-type Ca2+ channels, sifnificiantly attenuated the ischemia-induced release of [3H]5-HT, but verapamil(5 yM), an inhibitor of L-type Ca2+ channels, did not. Fluoxetine(100 nM), a relatively selective 5-HT transporter blocker, significiantly inhibited the ischemia-induced release of [3H]5-HT. Theses results suggest that glutamate is involned in ischemia-evoked [3H]5-HT release, and this release is achieved by Ca2+=dependent exocytosis and reverdsal of transporters, and can be modulated by various neuronal mechanisms.
Animals ; Anoxia* ; Biochemical Processes ; Brain ; Brain Ischemia ; Cerebral Cortex* ; Cerebrospinal Fluid ; Dantrolene ; Exocytosis ; Fluoxetine ; Glucose ; Glutamic Acid ; Hemodynamics ; Hypoglycemia* ; Ischemia ; N-Methylaspartate ; Neurons ; Oxygen ; Rats* ; Serotonin*

No abstract available.

It has been known that the interconnection between the gervous, endocrine and immune system are largely mediated through regulatory soluble factors such as neruopeptides, cytokines and hormones. Capsaicin, the pungent principle of hot peppers, is a neurotoxin that affects primary sensory neurons of the C and A-b type and depletes primary sensory neurons (polymodal nociceptors) of neuropeptides like tachykinin. In this study capsaicin was used to explore the possible role of the neruons on the expression of cellular and humoral immune responses and TNF-a prodcution. Mice were pretreated with s.c. injections in the neck region with a single dose of 100 u,g of capsaicin per mouse before immunization. ...continue...
Anaphylaxis* ; Animals ; Capsaicin* ; Carcinogenesis* ; Cytokines ; Immune System ; Immunity, Humoral ; Immunization ; Mice* ; Neck ; Neuropeptides ; Sensory Receptor Cells ; Tachykinins

Twenty four hyperlipidemic patients, consist of 13 males and 11 females, were administration a new hypolipidemic agents, Pantethine, and blood lipid level were checked sereally for 16 weeks. The following results are obtained. 1. The serum high density lipoprotein-cholesterol are markedly increased by 11.8%. 2. The serum cholesterol level are reduced mildly by 4.8% & it seems to be insignificant. 3. The serum triglyceride level are moderately reduced by 10.7%. 4. In 11 female patients, pantethine are more than effect on male patients. 5. Pantethine has been well tolerated in most patients. With a consideration of remakable safety, it is promising that pantethine are effective in reducing cholesterol, Triglyceride and increasing high density lipoprotein-cholesterol level.
Cholesterol ; Female ; Humans ; Hypolipidemic Agents ; Male ; Triglycerides

No abstract available.
Pulmonary Aspergillosis*