BACKGROUND: Although warts are known to be caused by viruses, one of their peculiarities is that they may be treated by suggestion therspy or hypnosis. This suggests that psychologic or emotional factors influence the hosts response to the virus lesions. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the study was to analyze the role of psychologic factors in the therapeutic response of warts. METHODS: The self-concept scale test(Korean Testing Center) was done in all 61 patients with common wsrts before the cryot.herapy from September 1991 to June 1993. Clinical follow-up data were obtained on 50 patients after 2 months, and then were evaluated usir g the self-eoncept scale in treated vs untreated group. RESULTS: 1. The overall cure rate was 56.0%, being higher in females and patients with high education, 1-3 in number of lesions and no previous treatment history as well as in those with less than 1 year of duration. 2. In the comparison of self-concept scale between treated(n=18) and untreated(n=22) groups, the treated group had remarksble results in moral ethical self, personal self and family self scores (p<0.05). Only 14 items were significantly different between two groups(p<0.05 by Wilcoxon rank sum test). 3. Patients of 20 years or more showed a high cure rate(67.79%, p<0.05 by t-test) and demonstrated significance in total positive self score and its self identity, and satisfaction, self behavior, physical self, moral ethical self and family self scores(p<0.05, by t-test). CONCLUSION: The self-cancept significantly related to the positive aersonality, harmonious family, stable self-esteem and high normal ethics, may influence at least the therapy to the warts in the treated patients in contradistintion to the untreated ones.
Cryotherapy* ; Education ; Ethics ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Hypnosis ; Warts*

No abstract available.
Aneurysm*

No abstract available.
Mitral Valve Insufficiency*

No abstract available.
Pulmonary Aspergillosis*

The authors present the one case of a 22-year-old man admitted with intermittent quadriparesis and respiratory difficulty. On investigation, atlantoaxial instability and upper cervical cord compression due to abnormal soft tissue were revealed. We have performed transoral decompression and biopsy, and then posterior transarticular facet screw fixation with interspinous wiring and fusion. We could obtain immediate and long-term postoperative stability with Philadelphia collar only. The pathologic examination reveald connective soft tissue hypertrophy due to chronic mechanical irritation.
Biopsy ; Decompression* ; Humans ; Hypertrophy ; Quadriplegia ; Young Adult

No abstract available.
Dacarbazine* ; Gabexate*

A retrospective analysis was performed on 219 pediatric patients who had received operations from May in 1993 to February in 1995 in Dental Hospital of Seoul National University. Of the 219 pediatric patients with oral and maxillofacial surgery, thc percentage of rhinoplasty and cheiloplasty was 23%, palatorrhaphy 21%, alveoloplasty and iliac bone graft 9%, mass excision of benign tumor 9%, alveoloplasty 8% and cheiloplasty 7%. The age distribution of the pediatric patients with oral and maxillofacial surgery in descending order was 33.8% iri group between 1 and 5 years old, 32.4% in group between 6 and 10 years old, 24.7% in group over 10 years old, and 9.1% in group between 1 month and 1 year old. Utility ratios of oral and maxillofacial operating room was 31.5%. All patient had received general inhalational anesthesia with enflurane or isoflurane. The sex distribution of the pediatric patients with oral and maxillofacial surgery in descending order was 60.7% in male group and 39.3% in female group. In dental pediatric patients with oral and maxillofacial surgery, the percentage of the nasotracheal and orotracheal intubation was 45% and 55% each.
Age Distribution ; Alveoloplasty ; Anesthesia ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Dronabinol ; Enflurane ; Female ; Humans ; Intubation ; Isoflurane ; Male ; Operating Rooms ; Retrospective Studies ; Rhinoplasty ; Seoul* ; Sex Distribution ; Surgery, Oral ; Transplants

PURPOSE: The selection of systemic therapy for breast cancer is based on the expression pattern of biological prognostic markers. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy has been considered the standard care for locally advanced breast cancer. However, its effect on the expression of biological prognostic markers is controversial. The aim of this study was to determine whether neoadjuvant chemotherapy may alter these expression patterns in patients suffering with breast cancer. METHODS: We determined the protein expression levels of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), p53 and HER-2/neu in the preoperative core needle biopsies and the final surgical specimens from 15 patients who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy between January 2002 and June 2007. As a control group, we analyzed the samples from patients who did not receive neoadjuvant chemotherapy. RESULTS: The pathologic complete tumor response rate (pCR) of the neoadjuvant chemotherapy group was 6.7% (1/15). Of those patients who did not achieve a pCR (n=14), no significant differences in the biological prognostic markers expression were observed between the two groups. Alteration of the ER or PR status occurred in 42.8% (6/14) of the patients after neoadjuvant chemotherapy and in 14.3% (2/14) of the control patients, showing there was no significant difference between the two groups (P=0.210). The hormonal receptor status was changed in 3 cases (21.4%) after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. CONCLUSION: There were no significant differences for the changes in the expression of ER, PR, p53 and HER-2/neu from the preoperative core needle biopsy to the final surgical specimens between those patients who had received neoadjuvant chemotherapy and those patients who didn't. However, changes of the ER or PR status and the hormonal receptor status occurred in 42.8% and 21.4%, respectively, of the patients who underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy. As these changes may impact treatment, we suggest that immunohistochemical assay is necessary before and after neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with breast cancer.
Biopsy, Large-Core Needle ; Breast ; Breast Neoplasms ; Estrogens ; Humans ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Receptors, Progesterone ; Stress, Psychological

PURPOSE: The selection of systemic therapy for breast cancer is based on the expression pattern of biological prognostic markers. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy has been considered the standard care for locally advanced breast cancer. However, its effect on the expression of biological prognostic markers is controversial. The aim of this study was to determine whether neoadjuvant chemotherapy may alter these expression patterns in patients suffering with breast cancer. METHODS: We determined the protein expression levels of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), p53 and HER-2/neu in the preoperative core needle biopsies and the final surgical specimens from 15 patients who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy between January 2002 and June 2007. As a control group, we analyzed the samples from patients who did not receive neoadjuvant chemotherapy. RESULTS: The pathologic complete tumor response rate (pCR) of the neoadjuvant chemotherapy group was 6.7% (1/15). Of those patients who did not achieve a pCR (n=14), no significant differences in the biological prognostic markers expression were observed between the two groups. Alteration of the ER or PR status occurred in 42.8% (6/14) of the patients after neoadjuvant chemotherapy and in 14.3% (2/14) of the control patients, showing there was no significant difference between the two groups (P=0.210). The hormonal receptor status was changed in 3 cases (21.4%) after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. CONCLUSION: There were no significant differences for the changes in the expression of ER, PR, p53 and HER-2/neu from the preoperative core needle biopsy to the final surgical specimens between those patients who had received neoadjuvant chemotherapy and those patients who didn't. However, changes of the ER or PR status and the hormonal receptor status occurred in 42.8% and 21.4%, respectively, of the patients who underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy. As these changes may impact treatment, we suggest that immunohistochemical assay is necessary before and after neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with breast cancer.
Biopsy, Large-Core Needle ; Breast ; Breast Neoplasms ; Estrogens ; Humans ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Receptors, Progesterone ; Stress, Psychological

BACKGROUD: The purpose of our study was to evaluate the usefulness of the ictal semiology, interictal and ictal electro-encephalography(EEG), brain magnetic resonance imaging(MRI), interictal and ictal single photon emission computed tomography(SPECT), positron emission tomography(PET) and neuropsychometry for localization or lateralization of the ictal onset zone, and analyze the result of surgical treatment. METHODS: We evaluated 13 children with intractable temporal lobe epilepsy, who are diagnosed at children's hospital of Seoul National University, from January 1995 to August 1996. The ictal onset zone was determined by ictal semiology, electrophysiologic study, structural and functional neuroimaging, and neuropsychometry. RESULTS: 1) Ictal semiology : Sixty-nine% of the studied children had change of consciousness, 62% had automatism, 31% had aura, 23% had contralateral versive movement, and 23% had contralateral dystonic posturing. Secondarily generalized seizure occured in 38% of them. 2) Interictal EEG showed localized or lateralized value in 8 cases(62%). In interictal EEG, 12 cases(92%) showed epileptiform discharges on the ipsilateral temporal lobe. 3) Magnetic resonance imaging revealed ipsilateral temporal lobe lesion in 8 cases(62%). Interictal SPECT was performed in 6 cases, only one of them had decreased cerebral blood flow on the ipsilateral temporal lobe. Ictal SECT was done in all, 8 cases(67%) had localized or lateralized value. PET was performed in 11 cases, 8 cases(73%) of them had localized or lateralized value. 4) Neuropsychometry was performed in 7 cases, 6 cases(86%) of them had localized or lateralized value. 5) Nine patients underwent epileptic surgery, 6 of them had class I outcome and each one of the rest had class II, class III and class IV. CONCLUSIONS: Electroencephalography, neuropsychometry, MRI, ictal SPECT, and PET are valuable for localization and lateralization of the ictal onset zone, but interictal SPECT is valuless. The outcome after surgery is relatively good, but more extensive study including patient's social, cognitive and emotional status will be necessary.
Automatism ; Brain ; Child* ; Consciousness ; Electroencephalography ; Electrons ; Epilepsy ; Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe* ; Functional Neuroimaging ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Seizures ; Seoul ; Temporal Lobe* ; Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon