Forehead deep wrinkles make man's face ugly. Especially, in case that a young people has short forehead, one or two forehead deep wrinkles is likely go give a aggressive impression to people. Traditional forehead lift basically not only perfrom the selective excision of frontalis muscle which cause forehead wrinkles, but extend the width of forehead by practical lift through scalp excision. Recently, various filling materials such as collagen have been developing, and laser resurfacing and endoscopic plastic surgery has gradually been generalized, so the frequency of the traditional forehead lift which needs the extensive operation through coronal incision is gradually diminished. But collagen injection is repeatedly taken every regular times and it has a weak point that the width of forehead cannot be regulated. Laser resurfacing can't solve the problem of deep wrinkles. The purpose of endoscopic brow lift which has been generalized currently is mainly brow lift, and so this method is not good for deep wrinkles because it can't modualte frontalis muscle which cause forehead transverse wrinkles. Recently it has been reported that Alloderm composed of dermal collagen from cadavar skin is universally used in covering as well as filling up soft tissue defect and its usability is also successful. Authors recently correct three young persons who have forehead deep wrinkles by combination of endoscopic forehead lift and subcutaneous Alloderm implantation under the wrinkles for 2 years. At first, we extended the width of forehead and smoothed the depth of wrinkles by endoscopic brow lift. After having endoscopic operation, we inserted Alloderm in subcutaneous pocket and performed suspension suture outside. The average increase of forehead width is 5 mm and all patients had corrected transverse wrinkles remarkably. During the 9 months, wrinkles didn't recur and implanted Alloderm also didn't absorbed. As a better method, authors reported that combining endoscopic brow lift with Alloderm implantation for the correction of short forehead and deep wrinkles could be used in place of traditional forehead lift.
Collagen ; Forehead* ; Humans ; Scalp ; Skin ; Surgery, Plastic ; Sutures

Drowning is a leading cause of accidental deaths worldwide, but its pathological diagnosis remains a challenge for forensic pathologists owing to a lack of pathognomonic findings in drowning deaths and inconclusive autopsy findings caused by postmortem changes. The aim of the present study was to investigate the pathway taken by inhaled drowning medium through the airway after death in a variety of experimental conditions, including underwater pressurization. We used methylene blue dye to monitor the spread of drowning medium to the lungs. Results of theses experiments demonstrated that it is possible for a significant amount of downing medium to enter the airway during immersion after death. Our results suggest that autopsies of immersed bodies and interpretation of these findings should be performed with special care.
Animal Experimentation* ; Animals* ; Autopsy ; Diagnosis ; Drowning* ; Immersion ; Inhalation* ; Lung ; Methylene Blue* ; Postmortem Changes

No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Somatoform Disorders*

All authors would like to withdraw the article because they have found a mistake in selecting subjects for this study.

Flap survival is critical to the success in reconstructive surgery, there have been many investigations to increase the blood supply to the flaps such as surgical delay and pharmacologic delay. Prostaglandin(PG) is released from various tissues including blood vessel in response to physical stimulus. Among the Prostaglandins, PGE1 has been proven to be a vasodilatation property and many authors have demonstrated its effect to increase blood supply after random cutaneous flap surgery. Clinically, however, muscle flap or musculocutaneous flap is more significantly used in reconstructive surgery and hemodynamic effects of PGE1 of this type of flap are still not documented. The authors designed the random muscle flap to study the hemodynamic effects of PGE1 of the muscle flap. Superior based rectus muscle flap was elevated from rats and the superior epigastric artery, its major vascular pedicle, was ligated to create the random-type muscle flap. Twenty two rats were divided into two experimental groups and each group had 11 rats; Group I: No drugs Group II: PGE1 injection group for 7 postoperative days intraperitoneally The average muscle flap survival rate of group I was 46+/-3.0 precent and it had a higher survival rate than the control group(23+/-4.3%). The muscle flap survival rates showed significant differences between the two groups (p< 0.005) This study shows that the administration of the PGE1, in clinical usage of the rare random muscle flap with a pedicle injury or musculocutaneous flap with the risk of distal cutaneous flap necrosis, such as TRAM flap, which might be much safer and popular.
Alprostadil ; Animals ; Blood Vessels ; Epigastric Arteries ; Hemodynamics ; Myocutaneous Flap ; Necrosis ; Prostaglandins ; Rats* ; Rectus Abdominis* ; Survival Rate ; Vasodilation

No abstract available.
Animals ; Cyclophosphamide* ; Food Deprivation* ; Mice*

No abstract available.
Animals ; Cyclophosphamide* ; Food Deprivation* ; Mice*

CT is a highly accurate method of detecting and clarifying the narure of space-occupying lesions within theliver nd pancreatic disease. It was found to be a reliable, non invasive method for detecting the lesion. A normalrange of attenuation values were obtained from 71 CT examinations of the upper abdomen, that is liver, spleen,pancreas, aorta, before and after contrast enhancement in whom no radiologic or laboratory abnormality of theseorgans were detected from March to Sept. 1983. The results were as follows; 1. The age distribution was from 28years to 71 years. The sex ratio was 45 male to 26 female. 2. Mean Hounsfield Units (HU) in liver before contrastenhancement and after contrast enhancement liminute, 3 minutes, 5 minutes, 10 minutes were 56.1±3.85, 75.0±4.77,82.0±3.71, 84.3±2.76 and 88.2±3.95 HU respectively. 3. Mean Hounsfield Units in pancreas before contrastenhancement and after contrast enhancement 1 minute, 3 minutes, 5 minutes, 10 minutes were 43.0±4.30, 66.5±4.27,71.2±2.39, 74.4±3.00 and 79.2±2.(0 HU respectively. 4. Mean Hounsfield Units in spleen before contrastenhancement and after contrast enhancement 1 minute, 3 minutes, 5 minutes 10 minutes were 53.0±4.31, 71.4±2.84,75.3±2.70, 80.5±3.04 and 83.2±2.14 HU respectively. 5. Mean Housfield Units in aorta before contrastenhancement and after contrast enhancement 1 minute, 3 minutes, 5 minutes 10 minutes were 45.1±5.39, 86.7±6.86,92.5±5.33, 106.8±4.12 and 114.1±5.02 HU respectively. 6. The most significant finding was that the livernormaly had the highest attenuation values of any of the organs measured. When another viscera in upper abdomenhad a attenuation value greater than that of the liver, this reflected abnormal lesions.
Abdomen ; Age Distribution ; Aorta ; Female ; Humans ; Liver ; Male ; Methods ; Pancreas ; Pancreatic Diseases ; Sex Ratio ; Spleen ; Viscera

BACKGROUND: Herpes zoster with generalized varicelliform eruptions occurs in 2 to 10% of patients with herpes zoster. It occurs mainly in old or debilitated persons especially those who have immunologic defects such as lymphoproliferative diseases, AIDS, or recipients of immunosuppressive therapy. The reported incidence of herpes zoster with generalized varicelliform eruptions is variable. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to elucidate the incidence and clinical features of herpes zoster with generalized varicelliform eruptions. METHODS: We reviewed the clinical data of 962 patients with herpes zoster by retrospective methods. The annual incidence, age, sex, seasonal variation, predilection sites, and associated conditions of herpes zoster with generalized varicelliform eruptions were analyzed from January 1990 to December 1996 (7 years). RESULTS: 1. Among 962 patients, 8 patients with herpes zoster revealed generalixed varicelliform eruptions (0.83%). 2. The age ranged from 20 to 85 and the majority of cases occurred in the 6th decade. There were 4 females and 4 males. 3. Past histories of malignancy were observed in 2 patients. However, there were no signs of malignancy at the time of diagnosis of herpes zoster with generalized varicelliform eruptions. 4. The most common site of initial lesion was the thoracic dermatome,followed by the lumbar and the cervical ones. CONCLUSION: From our observation, it is suggested that herpes zoster with generalized varicelliform eruptions may occur in patients without underlying malignancy or immunosuppressive disorders. Sudden incidental uprising of herpes zoster with generalized varicelliform eruptions was observed in 1996.
Clinical Study* ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Herpes Zoster* ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Retrospective Studies ; Seasons