No abstract availalbe.
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome*

PURPOSE: This study was conducted in order to explore the factors affecting the hope in nursing students. METHODS: A total of 166 nursing students participated in the study. Data was analyzed using SPSS WIN 18.0. RESULTS: The mean scores for social support, self-efficacy, and hope were above-average level. There were significant mean differences in hope according to religion, academic achievement, and satisfaction with nursing majors. Hope correlated positively with social support and self-efficacy. The significant predictors of hope included social support and satisfaction with the nursing major. The regression model explained 12.7% of hope. CONCLUSION: To improve hope in nursing students, nursing educators should focus on promoting their social support and satisfaction with the nursing major.
Hope* ; Humans ; Nursing* ; Students, Nursing*

No abstract available.
Malaria*

We report a rare case of anti-viral agent induced hypophosphatemic osteomalacia presented with localized and radicular pain. A 51-year-old man, who had been taking adefovir for chronic hepatitis, had experienced low back pain radiating to his right thigh for 2 years. With impression of lumbar disc herniation, he underwent magnetic resonance imaging and found multi-level disc herniation with facet joint synovial cysts. He received transforaminal epidural steroid injections, however, symptoms did not improve. To find other possible causes, additional tests were performed. Blood tests revealed hypophosphatemia and increased serum alkaline phosphatase, and osteoporosis was noted in dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry with multiple hot uptakes in bone scan. After replacement of adefovir to entecavir and supplement of phosphate and vitamin D, phosphate level and the clinical symptoms were improved. This is the first to report the presentation of osteomalacia due to anti-viral agent as radicular low back pain with facet synovial cysts.

No abstract available.
Humans ; Neutrophils* ; Phagocytosis* ; Stomach Neoplasms*

PURPOSE: This study evaluated the treatment effectiveness and proper radiation dose of helical tomotherapy (HT) in spine oligometastases from gastrointestinal cancers. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From 2006 to 2010, 20 gastrointestinal cancer patients were treated with HT for spine oligometastases (31 spine lesions). The gross tumor volume (GTV) was the tumor evident from magnetic resonance imaging images fused with simulation computed tomography images. Clinical target volume (CTV) encompassed involved vertebral bodies or dorsal elements. We assumed that the planning target volume was equal to the CTV. We assessed local control rate after HT for 31 spine metastases. Pain response was scored by using a numeric pain intensity scale (NPIS, from 0 to 10). RESULTS: Spine metastatic lesions were treated with median dose of 40 Gy (range, 24 to 51 Gy) and median 5 Gy per fraction (range, 2.5 to 8 Gy) to GTV with median 8 fractions (range, 3 to 20 fraction). Median biologically equivalent dose (BED, alpha/beta = 10 Gy) was 52 Gy10 (range, 37.5 to 76.8 Gy10) to GTV. Six month local control rate for spine metastasis was 90.3%. Overall infield failure rate was 15% and outfield failure rate was 75%. Most patients showed pain relief after HT (93.8%). Median local recurrence free survival was 3 months. BED over 57 Gy10 and oligometastases were identified as prognostic factors associated with improved local progression free survival (p = 0.012, p = 0.041). CONCLUSION: HT was capable of delivering higher BED to metastatic lesions in close proximity of the spinal cord. Spine metastases from gastrointestinal tumors were sensitive to high dose radiation, and BED (alpha/beta = 10 Gy) higher than 57 Gy10 could improve local control.
Disease-Free Survival ; Gastrointestinal Neoplasms ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Radiotherapy, Intensity-Modulated ; Recurrence ; Spinal Cord ; Spine ; Treatment Outcome ; Tumor Burden

Aneurysms of the coronary arteries are rare. They may be due to atheroselerosis, mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome, mycotic emboli, syphilis or trauma and occasionally they are congenital. The prognosis appears to be poor and death can occur suddenly from rupture of the aneurysm, peripheral coronary embolism or bacterial endocarditis. Recently surgical treatment has been successful. In a 5 year old patient with ventricular septal defect, two aneurysmal sacs located at the cardiac crux and just posterior to it was proved by coronary angiography and MRI, and successfully excised at operation.
Aneurysm* ; Child, Preschool ; Coronary Angiography ; Coronary Vessels* ; Embolism ; Endocarditis, Bacterial ; Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome ; Prognosis ; Rupture ; Syphilis

The Laugier-Hunziker syndrome is a rare syndrome characterized by macular hyperpigmentation of the lips and buccal mucosa associated with melanonychia. Onset is usually in adult life and no consistent systemic associations have been reported. Here we report a 39-year-old wonam with a longitudinal pigmented band on a finger and pigmented macules on the lip. We suggest that this is the first report in Korea and the syndrome is presumably more common than recognized.
Adult ; Fingers ; Humans ; Hyperpigmentation ; Korea ; Lip ; Mouth Mucosa

BACKGROUND: The prostaglandin E1(PGE1) is a well known protent dilator of arteriosus. Maintaining of the patency of ductus arteriosus is crucial for the survival of patients suffering from ductus-dependent cyanotic congenital heart disease. We aimed to analyse the efficacy and the influencing factors upon PGE1 in patients suffering from this disease. METHODS: Between May 1991 and April 1993, 26 neonates and infants with ductus- dependent cyanotic congenital heart disease received on intravenous infusion of PGE1 in the Division of Pediatric Cardiology. Yonsei Cardiovascular Center. The result was a dramatic improvement in systemic arterial oxygen tension and oxygen saturation during infusion of PGE1with a dependency on the infusion of PGE1. We evaluated the arterial blood gas analysis both at the immediate pre-infusion stage and 2 hours after infusion. We aimed to analyse the factors which may influence the intravenous of PGE1to infant suffers of ducts-dependent cyanotic congenital heart disease, such as pulmonary atresia(n=14), severe pulmonary stenosis(n=7) or complete transposition of the great arteries(n=5). RESULTS: 1) There was a significant increase in PaO2 and Oxygen saturation 2 hours after the infusion of PGE1. This appeared to be unrelated to the different forms of the disease when compared with the pre-infusion values. 2) The infants' responsiveness of the ductus arteriosus appeared to be age related with significant differences emerging between the 2 group(p<.05). In infants younger than 9 hours old, the differences in PaO2 changes between pre-infusion and post-infusion of PGE1 were 16.3+/-3.7mmHg compared to just 10.4+/-0.4mmHg in infants older than 96 hours. 3) No significant difference emerged between an increase in PaO2or oxygen saturation relating to the shape of ductus arteriosus ; or the level of PaO2prior to the infusion. 4) The side effects of PGE1were as follows ; fever(84.6%),loose stool(61.5%), apnea(30.8%) and hypotension(15.4%), etc.. CONCLUSION: PGE1provides excellent medical palliation for infants suffering from ductus-dependent cyanotic congenital heart disease until the pulmonary arteries are large enough for a modified Blalock-Taussig shunt ; or until corrective surgery is possible.
Alprostadil ; Blalock-Taussig Procedure ; Blood Gas Analysis ; Cardiology ; Ductus Arteriosus ; Heart Defects, Congenital* ; Humans ; Infant* ; Infant, Newborn ; Infusions, Intravenous ; Oxygen ; Pulmonary Artery

No abstract available.
Melanoma ; Nevus