Peripheral longitudinal tears of the menisci in nine patients(eight men and one woman) were repaired by arthroscopic techniques from December 1985 to November 1986. Six lateral and three medial menisci were repaired. The results of the repairs were classified by Tapper and Hoover scale as excellent 2, good 4, fair 2 and poor 1. The aversge durstion of follow up was 17.6 months(range : twelve to twenty-four months). One patient had a rerupture and two patients had hemarthrosis. The repairs of peripheral meniscal tears hsve been shown to be an effective and successful procedure. Arthroscopic instruments and techniques have been improved to allow for the repair of some of these tears.
Arthroscopes ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hemarthrosis ; Humans ; Knee ; Male ; Menisci, Tibial ; Tears

Tuberous sclerosis is a rare heredofamilial disease involving multiple organs, classically associated with the clinical triad of adenoma sebaceum, epilepsy, and mental retardation. We have recently experienced a case of tuberous sclerosis, 18-year-old male patient, who had typical adenoma sebaceum and generalized epileptic seizure. Plain skull film showed multiple calcified paraventricular subependymal nodules and brain CT scan disclosed characteristic calcified tubers adjacent to the frontal horn and body of the lateral ventricle.
Adolescent ; Animals ; Brain ; Epilepsy ; Horns ; Humans ; Intellectual Disability ; Lateral Ventricles ; Male ; Skull ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Tuberous Sclerosis*

No abstract available.
Fistula ; Neck* ; Salivary Glands*

Authors report the clinical study on the usefulness of thyrotropin-releasing hormone tartrate(TRH-T) in the treatment of mild disturbance of consciousness. 20 patients suffering head trauma, subarachnoid hemorrhage, and intracerebral hemorrhage were given TRH-T intravenously for ten days. TRH-T was effective for the patients in whom the consciousness disturbance was mild, the duration in fixed consciousness level was short, and the brain was not distorted on CT scan. These features were most prominent in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage. Three was no significant side effect, and TRH-T turned out to be safe.
Brain ; Cerebral Hemorrhage ; Consciousness* ; Craniocerebral Trauma ; Humans ; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ; Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

No abstract available.
Neurocutaneous Syndromes*

No abstract available.
Neurocutaneous Syndromes*

Several cases of familial occurrence of gliomas have been reported, but little has been known on the importance of genetic factors, which indeed remains controversial. In establishing the genetic basis for cancer susceptibility, the evaluation of a single family is perhaps the most satisfactory and meaningful approach. We report a family in which the 47-year-old father had glioblastoma in cerebellar vermis and his 14-year-old daughter developed pilocytic astrocytoma in cerebellar hemisphere. Karyotypic analysis of this family showed no abnormal findings in chromosomes.
Adolescent ; Astrocytoma ; Fathers ; Glioblastoma ; Glioma* ; Humans ; Karyotype ; Middle Aged ; Nuclear Family

No abstract available.

Cerebral revascularization has been popular since the introduction of microsurgical technique into the neurosurgery. But there is still no satisfactory measures in the treatment of acute cerebral infarction caused by obstruction of the major cerebral artery. It was also reported that early restoration of blood flow into the infracted area frequently aggravated the cerebral infarction. The purpose of this experiment is to establish an experimental animal model for temporary occlusion of the middle cerebral artery, and to estimate the tolerable duration of cerebral ischemia without occurrence of hemorrhagic infarction and severe cerebral edema after restoration of blood flow. For temporary arterial occlusion, 80 nylon snare was prepared around the proximal middle cerebral artery through transorbital approach. 48 hours after operation, alert cats were subjected to temporary occlusion of the artery. Occlusion of the artery for 1, 2, 4, or 6 hours was followed by recirculation for 2 hours. Immediately after sacrifice, 2% solution of triphenyl tetrazolium chloride was injected into common carotid arteries. Clinical observation was done during the whole procedure of the experiment. And brain was examined grossly for cerebral infarction, hemispheric swelling and hemorrhagic infarction. The results were as follows; 1) With transorbital snare technique for temporary occlusion of the middle cerebral artery, relatively constant cerebral infarction could be produced in cats. 2) The initial clinical findings were characteristic and similar in all cats whose middle cerebral arteries were occluded. These consisted of contralateral hemiparesis, rapid circling and tonic deviation of the head and neck toward the side of arterial occlusion. After 5-20 minutes rapid circling gait and tonic deviation disappeared, but hemiparesis and slow circling gait continued throughout the experiment. 3) In contrast to stable clinical states in animals of 8 hour occlusion group and recirculation groups after 1 or 2 hours of arterial occlusion, over half of cats whose middle cerebral arteries were occluded for 4 hours or more became clinically aggravated after recirvulation(p<0.05). 4) There was a tendency that the infarcted area unstained with 2% solution of triphenyl tetrazolium chloride was progressively enlarged as the duration of arterial occlusion increased, but the difference was not stastically significant(p>0.05). 5) Cerebral hemispheric swelling in cats of recirculation groups became progressively increased as the duration of arterial occlusion increased(p<0.05), and had close correlation with clinical findings. 6) In cats whose middle cerebral arteries were occluded for 6 hours, the rate of gross hemorrhagic infarction increased abruptly.
Animals ; Arteries ; Brain ; Brain Edema ; Brain Ischemia ; Carotid Artery, Common ; Cats ; Cerebral Arteries ; Cerebral Infarction* ; Cerebral Revascularization ; Gait ; Head ; Infarction ; Middle Cerebral Artery ; Models, Animal ; Neck ; Neurosurgery ; Nylons ; Paresis ; SNARE Proteins

Central anticholinergic syndrome (CAS) can be caused by many anesthetic drugs. Early diagnosis and treatment are very important because untreated CAS may result in a life-threatening condition. Physostigmine, though not available in Korea, is the only drug which can confirm and treat CAS. A forty five year old patient underwent open heart surgery due to patent foramen ovale. Anesthetic agents which were used for anesthetic induction and maintenance were midazolam, fentanyl and isoflurane. Following anesthesia, he showed irritated and excited behavior and delayed recovery from anesthesia more than 3 h after operation in the ICU, even though flumazenil and naloxone were given to rule out the residual anesthetic effect. After physostigmine 4 mg was administered intravenously, he calmed down and became more coherent. There was no evidence of neurologic deficit in the following brain MRI and neurologic examination. We report the first case of CAS confirmed with physostigmine in Korea.
Anesthesia ; Anesthetics ; Anticholinergic Syndrome* ; Brain ; Delayed Emergence from Anesthesia ; Early Diagnosis ; Fentanyl ; Flumazenil ; Foramen Ovale, Patent ; Heart* ; Humans ; Isoflurane ; Korea ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Midazolam ; Naloxone ; Neurologic Examination ; Neurologic Manifestations ; Physostigmine* ; Thoracic Surgery*