OBJECTIVETo investigate the common chromosome abnormalities of the patients with multiple myeloma in China and the relationships of cytogenetic abnormalities and clinical features.

METHODSIn interphase fluorescence in-situ hybridization (FISH) analysis, a panel of probes including D13S319 (13q14.3), RB1(RB1 gene), IgH (14q32), P53(17p13), 1q21(1q21 gene) was used to study the cytogenetic abnormalities of 31 patients with multiple myeloma; and the clinical implications of cytogenetic abnormalities were investigated.

RESULTThe frequencies of the partial deletion of chromosome 13, translocation involving the 14q32 region, abnormalities in 1q21 and deletion of 17p13 were 45%, 68%, 50%, and 35% in the study, respectively. The abnormalities of both the partial deletion of chromosome 13 and translocation involving the 14q32 region were found in 35% of the patients. 79% of the patients with del (13q) had 14q32 translocations simultaneously. All the patients with positive detection of probe D13S319 were found to have translocation of 14q32 at the same time. There were correlations between the partial deletion of chromosome 13 and translocation involving the 14q32 region. The overall response rate of induction treatment was 67.7%. No significant difference was found in patients with positive or negative cytogenetic abnormalities of del(13q), 14q32 translocation, del(17p13), and 1q21 abnormalities.

CONCLUSION13q deletion, IgH rearrangement, chromosome 1 abnormality and 17p13 deletion are the common cytogenetic abnormalities of MM patients in China. There is a significant correlation between the presence of 14q32 translocations and chromosome 13 deletion in MM patients.

Adult ; Aged ; Chromosome Deletion ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 1 ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 13 ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 14 ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 17 ; Female ; Humans ; In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Multiple Myeloma ; genetics ; Translocation, Genetic

BACKGROUNDParoxysmal kinesigenic dyskinesia (PKD) is a rare movement disorder characterized by recurrent dystonic or choreoathetoid attacks triggered by sudden voluntary movements. Under the condition of psychological burden, some patients' attacks may get worsened with longer duration and higher frequency. This study aimed to assess nonmotor symptoms and quality of life of patients with PKD in a large population.

METHODSWe performed a cross-sectional survey in 165 primary PKD patients from August 2008 to October 2016 in Rui Jin Hospital, using Symptom Check List-90-Revised (SCL-90-R), World Health Organization Quality of Life-100 (WHOQoL-100), Self-Rating Depression Scale, and Self-Rating Anxiety Scale. We evaluated the differences of SCL-90-R and WHOQOL-100 scores in patients and Chinese normative data (taken from literature) by using the unpaired Student's t-test. We applied multivariate linear regression to analyze the relationships between motor manifestations, mental health, and quality of life among PKD patients.

RESULTSCompared with Chinese normative data taken from literature, patients with PKD exhibited significantly higher (worse) scores across all SCL-90-R subscales (somatization, obsessive-compulsive, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, anxiety, hostility, phobic anxiety, paranoid ideation, and psychoticism; P= 0.000 for all) and significantly lower (worse) scores of five domains in WHOQoL-100 (physical domain, psychological domain, independence domain, social relationship domain, and general quality of life; P= 0.000 for all). Nonremission of dyskinesia episodes (P = 0.011) and higher depression score (P = 0.000) were significantly associated with lower levels of quality of life. The rates of depression and anxiety in patients with PKD were 41.2% (68/165) and 26.7% (44/165), respectively.

CONCLUSIONSDepression, anxiety, and low levels of quality of life were prevalent in patients with PKD. Co-occurrence of depression and anxiety was common among these patients. Regular mental health interventions could set depression and anxiety as intervention targets. Considering that the motor episodes could be elicited by voluntary movements and sometimes also by emotional stress, and that symptoms may get worsened with longer duration and higher frequency when patients are stressed out, intervention or treatment of depression and anxiety might improve the motor symptoms and overall quality of life in PKD patients.