Epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR) correlates closely with tumor genesis and progres-sion. Several agents targeting EGFR have been used in clinic, and achieved good effect in treatment of ad-vanced and drag-resistant tumors, such as monoclonal antibodies and small molecule tyrosine kinase inhihitors.

90 bpm and nicardipine 10?g?kg-1 when MAP increased by 20% of the baseline value. Radial artery was cannulated for continuous BP monitoring and blood sampling. MAP, ECG, HR, SpO2 , PET CO2 and body temperature were continuously monitored during anesthesia. Blood samples were taken before induction of anesthesia (T1), when dura was cut (T2), when aneurysm was clipped (T3 ) and 30 min after clipping (T4 ) for determination of plasma concentrations of AT- Ⅱ , ET and CGRP by radioimmuno-assay.Results Plasma concentration of AT- Ⅱ and HR did not change significantly through out the study. Plasma CGRP concentration and MAP decreased significantly during operation at T2-4 as compared to the baseline values (T1 ) . Plasma ET concentration increased significantly at clipping (T3 ) as compared to that at T2. Conclusion The action of vaso-constrictors (AT- Ⅱ , ET) predominates over that of vaso-dilator during operation. It is important to prevent acute cerebral vasospasm during intracranial aneurysm clipping.

Objective To analyze the clinical data and features of malignant hyperthermia (MH) in Mainland China and address the problems associated with diagnosis and treatment of MH.Methods Thirty-four cases of MH which occurred in Mainland China from January 1978 to March 2004 were reviewed and analyzed. Results MH syndrome occurred more frequently in adolescents with more males than females and developed very often during oral surgery ( especially cleft lip and palate repair), orthopedic surgery and pediatric surgery for congenital anomalies. The main clinical manifestations included hypercapnia, high body temperature and muscle rigidity. In most cases diagnosis of MH was made based on clinical manifestations only without'in vitro contracture test the golden standard for diagnosis of MH. No specific treatment was available and no epidemiological study was done. Conclusion The report of MH has been increasing recently in Mainland China. Studies on MH should be intensified by establishing the standard of laboratory diagnosis of MH.

Aim To observe mesenchymal stem cell differentiation into osteoblast induced by TSPG, and explore how TSPG enhances the promotion of hemato-poiesis of osteoblast differentiation from mesenchymal stem cell. Methods MSCs were cultured by TSPG combined with osteoinductive medium. The cellular vi-ability of proliferation was detected with MTT assay. The content of alkaline phosphatase in the cultural su-pernatant was tested with pNPP assay. The ability of MSCs to form calcium nodes was also observed after a-lizarin red stain. The protein expression of RUNX2 was analyzed with Western blot. The content of cytokines associated with hematopoiesis was tested with Elisa as-say. The ability of promoting hematopoiesis was detec-ted with hematopoietic colony forming assay. Results Both MTT and pNPP assay showed that optical den-sity ( OD) values were increased in response to TSPG treatment in a dose-dependent manner. The mineraliza-tion formation ability was enhanced with TSPG-treat-ment. Meanwhile, the expression of RUNX2 protein was up-regulated in TSPG-treated cell. Moreover, the content of cytokines associated with hematopoiesis and the number of hematopoietic progenitor colony were in-creased by TSPG-treatment compared with the control group. Conclusion TSPG could induce MSCs differ-entiation in to osteoblast and enhance the effect of oste-oblast differentiation from MSCs on promoting hemato-poiesis.

[ ABSTRACT] AIM:To observe the effects of total saponins of Panax ginseng ( TSPG) on the promotion of hema-topoiesis and to explore the underlying mechanism in treating aplastic anemia ( AA) in a mouse model.METHODS:For preparation of AA model, BALB/c mice were exposed to sublethal dose of 5.0 Gyγradiation, followed by transplantation of lymphocytes from DBA/2 donor mice.The experiment was divided into 6 groups, including normal control group, AA model group, TSPG treatment groups with low, medium and high doses, and positive control group with cyclosporine A ( CsA) .Both TSPG and CsA were administered by gastrogavage.After 15 d treatment, the peripheral hemogram was test-ed, the cytokine contents in serum were measured, and bone marrow semisolid culture of colony-forming assay was conduc-ted for determining hematopoietic progenitor cells.The protein levels of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 ( ERK1/2) and its phosphorylation status in the bone marrow cells were determined.RESULTS:Curative effect of TSPG in trea-ting AA mice was satisfactory.Peripheral counts of white blood cells and platelet, and concentration of hemoglobin in TSPG groups with medium and high doses were significantly higher than those in model control.TSPG increased the colony num-bers of CFU-E, BFU-E, CFU-GM and CFU-MK derived from hematopoietic progenitor cells.Meanwhile, up-regulation of the phosphorylated ERK1/2, decreased contents of Th1 cytokines and increased contents of Th2 cytokines in the serum were observed.CONCLUSION:TSPG possess the dual efficacies on the promotion of hematopoiesis and immunoregulation in AA mice by regulating the expression of Th1/Th2/Th17 cytokines and increasing the phosphorylation of ERK1/2.

OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to evaluated the difference and consistency in tumor size measured by sonographic and pathological examination in papillary thyroid carcinoma(PTC).METHODS A total of 114 patients with PTC, including 122 malignant nodules, was collected from Hangzhou First People's Hospital between Jun 2012 and Jun 2014. The tumor sizes were measured by preoperative sonographic and postoperative pathologic evaluation. Pearson correlation analysis, paired t-test, and Bland-Altman plot were used to evaluate the correlation and consistency in tumor size measured by the two methods.RESULTS Pearson correlation analysis showed that the largest tumor size measured by sonography were positively correlated with pathologic size (r=0.957, P=0.000). Paired t-test showed that there were statistically difference between sonographic size and pathological size (8.24±5.06) mmvs (7.79±4.75) mm,P=0.001. The absolute difference value of the largest tumor size measured by the two methods was from zero to 6.5 mm, with the average of (1.03±1.14) mm. Bland-Altman analysis showed that the limits of agreement (LoA) of difference was from -2.41 mm to 3.33 mm, with the 95% confidence interval from -2.87 mm to 3.78 mm.Within the limit of the consistency, the maximum moduli was 2.9 mm.CONCLUSION There is a significant discrepancy between the preoperative sonographic and the pathologic size of the papillary thyroid carcinoma, which should be taken into account in clinical practice.

Objective:To explore the feasibility, safety and clinical efficacy of ileum augmentation cystoplasty assisted by Da Vinci robot for the treatment of neurogenic bladder.Methods:Retrospective analysis was performed on the data of 12 patients with neurogenic bladder admitted to Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital from March 2017 to November 2018, including 11 males and 1 female, with the mean age of 38(12-67). Preoperative symptoms were urinary incontinence, dysuria, decreased bladder capacity, or increased bladder pressure leading to ureteral reflux. All the 12 patients underwent preoperative intermittent catheterization, including 8 patients with spinal cord injury and 4 patients with spinal cord dysplasia. Preoperative serum creatinine(129.58±44.60)μmol/L and total glomerular filtration rate(61.63±18.04)ml/(min·m 2) were observed in 12 patients. Preoperative urodynamic examination showed the safe bladder volume of (95.67±39.10)ml, bladder internal pressure of(63.30±6.02)cmH 2O(1 cmH 2O=0.098 kPa)at the end of filling period, bladder compliance of(10.24±1.14)ml/cmH 2O, residual urine volume of(152.58±80.89)ml, and urine flow rate of(3.88±3.63)ml/s. Bladder contracture was evident on preoperative cystography. Ultrasound examination showed different degree of hydronephrosis and ureter expansion, in all cases, with ureteral reflux grading Ⅰin 2 cases, grade Ⅱ in 4 cases, grade Ⅲ in 4 cases, grade Ⅳ in 2 cases. All the 12 patients underwent robot-assisted ileum augmentation cystoplasty with 5-point puncture. Transverse incision of the bladder wall before full thickness, according to the amount of bladder and quality to decide 30 cm(normal), longitudinal cut back loops and one point after suture fixation in the bladder wall midpoint, fixed point as starting point, in turn, will be blind to the bladder stitching on both sides, the bilateral ureteral placing a single J tube respectively, evaluation of surgical success rate (including intraoperative bleeding, interception of bowel loops are no damage adjacent viscera, ureter openings with and without damage, impermeability, match insufflate whether unobstructed), postoperative complications, anastomotic fistula, intestinal obstruction, abdominal bleeding), urine dynamics test parameters, and patients’ quality of life. Patients were regularly given anticholinergic drugs(2 mg/d) for 6 months after surgery. Results:All the 12 cases in this group were successfully completed without any transfer to open surgery. The operation time was(120.8±12.0)min. Intraoperative blood loss(84.0±23.2)ml. Postoperative intestinal function recovery time(3.3±1.3) d. Postoperative hospital stay(12.1±3.1)d. Postoperative pelvic drainage tube indwelling time (3.8±1.2) d. Catheter and single J tube were removed 2 weeks after operation. Postoperative follow-up averaged 19.4(3-24) months. At 3, 12, 24 months after surgery, the bladder safety volume was rechecked(435.83±33.56), (450.90±31.09), (462.00±33.72)ml, the bladder internal pressure at the end of filling was(18.60±0.92), (15.70±1.42), (12.96±1.34)cmH 2O, the blood creatinine level was(81.43±21.10), (74.34±15.70), (72.90±15.90)μmol/L, and the bladder compliance was(37.94±4.22), (40.40±3.98), (43.42±4.20)ml/cmH 2O and the total glomerular filtration rate(91.52±9.49), (102.18±5.65), (112.41±6.50)ml/(min·m 2) were significantly improved compared with those before surgery( P<0.001). After 24 months of bladder urination training, 1 patient could basically urinate by herself. Three patients were treated with intermittent urinary catheterization supplemented by automatic urination. The remaining 8 patients were completely dependent on urinary catheter for intermittent catheterization. Postoperative complications such as anastomotic fistula, ileus and abdominal bleeding were not found in 12 patients. Conclusions:Ileum bladder enlargement assisted by robot can effectively expand bladder volume, reduce bladder internal pressure, improve bladder compliance, prevent ureteral reflux and protect renal function.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the triterpenoids chemical constituents in rhizome of Alisma gramineum.

METHODSilicon gel chromatography and HPLC techniques were employed for isolation and purification of the constituents, and the structures were elucidated by various spectral analyses such as NMR, MS and IR.

RESULT5 protostane-type tetracyclic triterpenoids were isolated and identified as 16,23-oxidoalisol B(1), 11-deoxyalisol C(2), alisol F(3), 16beta-methoxyalisol B acetate (4), 16beta-hydroxyalisol B acetate (5).

CONCLUSIONAll of these compounds were found from A. gramineum for the first time.

Alisma ; chemistry ; Cholestanones ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Rhizome ; chemistry ; Triterpenes ; chemistry ; isolation & purification

Objective To investigate the effects of activator protein-1(AP-1)decoy oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs)on the myocardial fibrosis induced by angiotension Ⅱ(Ang Ⅱ)in vitro.Methods CFs of neonatal Spra- gue-Dawley(SD)rats were isolated by trypsin digestion method.CFs were co-cultured with 10~(-7)mol/L Ang Ⅱ in the presence of different concentration of activator protein-1(AP-1)decoy ODNs or mutational AP-1 decoy ODNs for 24 h.Collagen synthesis was assessed by hydroxyproline and the mRNA expression of collagen Ⅰ,collagen Ⅲ.Results The concentration of hydroxyproline increased significantly after treated by 10~(-7)mol/L Ang Ⅱ;decoy ODNs on the range of 10-200 nmol/L dose dependently decrease synthesis of collagen;Ang Ⅱ stimulates mRNA expression of collagen Ⅲ(1.04?0.07 vs 1.63?0.071,n=3,P

To seek the optimum experiment methods of animal immunization with HCV gene and to explore the effect on antibody responses in mice immunized by pCD-HCV1 recombinant in different administration, recombinant pCD-HCV1 was constructed by technique of molecular biology and was injected into muscles of Balb/c of mice with different times, routes and dosage of inoculations as well as different treatment. The results showed that the serum antibody level reached 0.183±0.06,0.428±0.05,0.707±0.08 and 0.773±0.07(OD410 value) respectively after recombinant pCD-HCV1(100μg/mouse) were injected into mice once, twice, three times and four times. The antibody level of mice (n＝12) with four times inoculation was the highest; pCD-HCV1 was perfused into stomach orally in mice or were into mice by i.p, s.c and i.m(100μg/mouse, three times) in different routes (n＝6), and the antibody levels were 0.138±0.05, 0.178±0.07, 0.233±0.08 and 0.691±0.05 respectively; after the mice (n＝8) were inoculated with the pCD-HCV1 of different dosage(10μg, 50μg and 100μg) the antibody levels of three groups were 0.11±0.09, 0.33±0.04, and 0.700±0.07, and the results showed a significant difference (P＜0.01); Mice was injected with procaine (100μl, 0.4mg) by i.m or s.c. Then pCD-HCV1 was injected into mice and antibody levels were higher than that of mice immunized directly with recombinant pCD-HCV1 of same dosage. The results may provide a reference data deserved for screening the optimum immunization method of development HCV-DNA-based vaccine in mice model.