1.The association between new generation oral contraceptive pill and the development of inflammatory bowel diseases.
Santosh SANAGAPALLI ; Yanna KO ; Viraj KARIYAWASAM ; Siew C NG ; Whitney TANG ; Hithanadura Janaka DE SILVA ; Minhu CHEN ; Kaichun WU ; Satimai ANIWAN ; Ka Kei NG ; David ONG ; Qin OUYANG ; Ida HILMI ; Marcellus SIMADIBRATA ; Pises PISESPONGSA ; Saranya GOPIKRISHNA ; Rupert W LEONG
Intestinal Research 2018;16(3):409-415
BACKGROUND/AIMS: To examine the association between use of oral contraceptive pills (OCPs) and the risk of developing inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), in a modern cohort. METHODS: A prospective nested case-control study across sites in the Asia-Pacific region was conducted; involving female IBD cases and asymptomatic controls. Subjects completed a questionnaire addressing questions related to OCP use. Primary outcome was the risk of development of IBD of those exposed to OCP versus non-exposure. Secondary outcomes were development of Crohn's disease (CD) versus ulcerative colitis (UC), and whether age of first use of OCP use may be associated with risk of IBD. RESULTS: Three hundred and forty-eight female IBD cases (41% CD, median age: 43 years) and 590 female age-matched controls were recruited. No significant association was found between OCP use and the risk of IBD (odds ratio [OR], 1.65; 95% confidence interval, 0.77–3.13; P=0.22), CD (OR, 1.55) or UC (OR, 1.01). The lack of association persisted when results were adjusted for age and smoking. IBD cases commenced OCP use at a younger age than controls (18 years vs. 20 years, P=0.049). CONCLUSIONS: In this large cohort of subjects from the Asia-Pacific region, we found a modest but not significantly increased risk of developing IBD amongst OCP users.
Case-Control Studies
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Cohort Studies
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Colitis, Ulcerative
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Contraceptives, Oral
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Crohn Disease
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Female
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Humans
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Inflammatory Bowel Diseases*
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Prospective Studies
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Smoke
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Smoking
Result Analysis
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