Because neuroblastoma is predominantly a tumor of childhood, patholgists and clinicians tend to exclude it from differential diagnosis when the patient is an adult. The diagnosis of neuroblastoma by light microscopy can be difficult because of similarities between neuroblasts and cells of other round cell neoplasms. The fine structural features of neuroblastoma is distinctive and is valuable in its diagnosis. We present 2 cases of neuroblastoma and a case of ganglioneuroblastoma arising in adults with their ultrastructural findings.
Child ; Adult ; Male ; Female ; Humans ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Neuroblastoma

Congenital subglottic stenosis of the larynx is one of the most common cause of chronic airway obstruction im infancy and childhood. It is defined as narrowing of the space bounded inferiorly by the inferior margin of the cricoid cartilage amd superiorly by the insertion of the fibers of the conus elasticus into the true vocal cords. In case we experienced was a female full-term baby delivered by Cesarean section. The stenosis was believed by hypertrophy of stromal soft tissue and cricoid cartilage in the subglottic area. The lesion was associated with tracheoesophageal fistula of H1 type. A brief review of the literature was done.
Child ; Male ; Female ; Humans

Home health care is moving into a set of new realities. An era of competition and cost containment has arrived. Before nurses are able to contain costs or describe the relationship between nursing activities, cost must be accurately measured based on the nurse's workload. Nurses in home health care usually desire to measure expenses for one of three reasons : reimbursement, management, or research. The purpose of the study was to investigate the work input by Registered Nurse in each of the home health care activities by relative value units and identify the factors affecting the nurses' total work input in health care services. To measure the work input by nurses, work was defined by four dimensions: time, physical effort, mental effort, and stress. This study used a descriptive-correlational design. Data collection consisted of two phases. In phase I, data on home health activities performed by nurses were collected. In phase II, data on nurses' time, physical effort, mental effort, and stress in each of home health care activities discovered phase I were collected. In this method, the respondent was asked to rate a service in relation to a reference service using a ratio scale. The sample included 39 home health care nurses. The results of the study indicated that home health care activities performed by the nurses were in 10 categories and 69 items. Measuring the relative work inputs in each of home health care activities, and foley catheterization was selected as the reference to service. In terms of time and physical effort dimensions, full bath service was rated as the most strenuous among 69 activities by the respondents, and intramuscular injection was rated as least. It was found that emergency treatment required the highest mental effort and the highest stress, while blood sugar tests required the lowest mental effort. Approximately 91.3% of the variance in total work input was accounted for by the linear combination of time, physical effort, mental effort judgement, and stress. Examining the regression coefficients of those variables, physical effort, time, and stress were found as the predictors which were significantly associated with the total work of nurses in home health care. Professional nursing's next step in the conundrum of economic volatility is to develop a tool to reflect the interaction of functional deficiency and direct professional nursing care. And this will be a more accurate predictor of nursing resource use and ultimately a great forcaeter cost.
Baths ; Blood Glucose ; Cost Control ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Delivery of Health Care* ; Emergency Treatment ; Injections, Intramuscular ; Nursing ; Nursing Care ; Physical Exertion ; Urinary Catheterization ; Volatilization

Pneumocystis carinii is the most common cause of diffuse pulmonary infiltrates in the immunocompromised patients. Microscopically, Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia(PCP) shows characteristic frothy intraalveolar exudate and interstitial lymphocytic and plasma cell infiltrate. However, sometimes the only histologic finding of PCP on routine hematoxylin-eosin stain is that of diffuse alveolar damage(DAD), when we can miss the diagnosis without aid of special stains. We report a case of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia presenting as DAD in a 50-year old man after chemotherapy due to malignant lymphoma. Open lung biopsy specimen reveals the early stage of DAD without any characteristic findings, such as foamy exudate. However many cysts of Pneumocystis carinii were found on Gomori's methenamine silver(GMS) stain. Therefore, GMS stain should be routinely performed on all biopsy specimens obtained from immunocompromised patients.
Male ; Humans ; Cysts ; Biopsy

INTRODUCTION: The purpose of this study was to investigate the changes in the concern and attitudes of Nursing students toward the disabled before and after the disability experience program. METHOD: 151 Nursing students with clinical practice in National rehabilitation hospital were conveniently selected as the subject. All subjects had experience the disability program, and their attitudes toward the disabled were measured before and after the 3hours' program. Collected data were analyzed by SPSS 11.0 with paired t-test. RESULTS: 1. The concern toward the disabled after their disability experience program was more positive than before(t= -4.930, p= .000). 2. The attitudes toward the disabled after their disability experience program was more positive than before(t=5.892, p=.000). 3. The appreciation of daily life after their disability experience program was higher than before(t=- -8.563, p= .000). CONCLUSION: In summary, the disability experience program should be effective in order to promote the positive attitude toward the disabled. Therefore expansion of this program is of profound significant.
Humans ; Nursing* ; Rehabilitation ; Students, Nursing*

This study was performed to investigate the cost of nutrition counselling service at present and to suggest the guideline for the payment. Data were collected using questionnaires and the cost of counseling was expected by analyzing the time consumed and needed for nutntion counseling. The results were as follows: In the case of diabetes, mean time of nutrition vounseling was 69.7+/-5.3min/case, but the fietitian asked 82.7+/-4.6min/case for counseling and in the cases of renal diseases, mean time of counseling was 64.3+/-4.1min/case and the time asked was 84.8+/-4.5min/case (P<001) It was found that time was not enough to educate or counsel the clients. The cost of counseling was not counted in 20.3% of the respondants and the mean nutrition counseling fee was 5,460.6+/-1,901.1won/case in out-patient and 6,408.9+/-3,547.7won/case in in-patient. The group education fee was 6,168+/-,813won/case. The estimations of the cost for nutrition counseling services using labor cost were 18,463.5won in case of diabetes and 18,463.5won/case for patients of renal disease and in group education 8,111.5won and 7,404.3won respectively.
Counseling* ; Education ; Fees and Charges ; Humans ; Outpatients ; Surveys and Questionnaires

No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Cyclosporine* ; Scleredema Adultorum*

To our knowledge, MR findings of neuroshistosomiasis has not been reported in Korea. A case of neuroshistosomiasis involving cerebellum and presumably spinal cord is reported. A 40 year old man who had lived in Middle East complained of low back pain and progressive paraparesis for 6 months, and subsequently developed headache, dizziness and diplopia. On cervical spine MRI, there was diffuse enlargement of cervical cord with increased signal intensity on T2 weighted image and nodular heterogenous enhancement after Gd-DTP^ administration. Brain MR imaging obtained 4 months later showed ill-defined, irregularly enhancing heterogenous mass in cerebellar vermis which was proved to be a granulomatous lesion containing shistosomiasis mansoni ova.
Adult ; Brain ; Cerebellum ; Diplopia ; Dizziness ; Granuloma* ; Headache ; Humans ; Korea ; Low Back Pain ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Middle East ; Myelitis, Transverse* ; Neuroschistosomiasis* ; Ovum ; Paraparesis ; Spinal Cord ; Spine

Angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy (AILD) is a systemic disease clinically characterized by fever, generalized lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, polyclonal gamma-globulinemia and Cooms' positive hemolytic anemia. The lymph node in AILD reveals a polymorphic feature consisting of a proliferation of small vessels, immunoblasts and plasma cells and acidophilic interstitial material. Progression into immunoblastic sarcoma is reported as high 35% of the patient with AILD. Nathwani et al have observed not only malignant transformation of AILD in sequential tissue examination, but also the coexistence of AILD and immunoblastic lymphoma in the same lymph node or at different sites in the same patient. Multiple clusters or islands of compactly arranged large lymphoid cells constitute the initial histologic evidence of immunoblastic sarcoma. Immunoblastic sarcoma is a large cell lymphoma conceptually related to transformed T-and B-lymphocytes of the extrafollicular compartment of the immune system, which proignosis is poor. We have recently experienced a case of immuno blastic sarcoma arising in angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy in a 24-year-old woman. She had history of multiple enlarged lymph nodes in the inguinal, axilla and supraclavicular areas. Previous lymph node biopsies revealed reactive change. Six month later, right axillary lymph node biopsy reveled AILD with focal clusters of immunoblasts. Subsequent lymph node biopsy at the same site revealed diffuse immunoblasic sarcoma, B-cell type. A case presentation with histologic findings and a brief review of literature were done.
Female ; Humans ; Biopsy