Translocation renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a family of rare tumors recently identified in the pediatric and young adult population. We report the first case of a young woman from French West Indies with sickle cell anemia who developed a translocation RCC t(6;11)(p21;q12). Usually people with the sickle cell condition are known to develop renal medullary carcinoma (RMC). To our knowledge, this is the first case described in the literature of a translocation RCC associated with sickle cell disease. Here we discuss the relation between translocation RCC, RMC, and sickle cell disease.
Anemia, Sickle Cell* ; Carcinoma, Medullary ; Carcinoma, Renal Cell* ; Female ; Hemoglobin, Sickle ; Humans ; Kidney Neoplasms ; West Indies ; Young Adult

Currently, the importance of human anatomical dissection have come under debate in many countries but there are not references in Venezuela on this concern. This survey's aim is to assess the insights of Venezuelan surgeons and their outlines of usage of human anatomical dissection in teaching and learning human anatomy. Sixty-five Venezuelan surgeons at the Centro Médico Docente La Trinidad completed an anonymous survey on current and future teaching practices in human anatomy. Eighty-nine point two three percent of surveyed (n=58) conferred importance to human anatomical dissection despite the arrival of new innovations in learning human anatomy. The group surveyed view human anatomical dissection-based teaching as the most beneficial method of teaching human anatomy and it should be bolstered in human anatomical education with matching use of three-dimensional computerized tomography imaging as a complementary form for teaching and learning.
Anonyms and Pseudonyms ; Education ; Humans* ; Learning ; Methods ; Surgeons* ; Trinidad and Tobago ; Venezuela

PURPOSE: Different students may adopt different learning approaches: namely, deep and surface. This study aimed to characterize the learning strategies of medical students at Trinity School of Medicine and to explore potential correlations between deep learning approach and the students' academic scores. METHODS: The study was a questionnaire-based, cross-sectional, observational study. A total of 169 medical students in the basic science years of training were included in the study after giving informed consent. The Biggs's Revised Two-Factor Study Process Questionnaire in paper form was distributed to subjects from January to November 2017. For statistical analyses, the Student t-test, 1-way analysis of variance followed by the post-hoc t-test, and the Pearson correlation test were used. The Cronbach alpha was used to test the internal consistency of the questionnaire. RESULTS: Of the 169 subjects, 132 (response rate, 78.1%) completely filled out the questionnaires. The Cronbach alpha value for the items on the questionnaire was 0.8. The score for the deep learning approach was 29.4±4.6, whereas the score for the surface approach was 24.3±4.2, which was a significant difference (P<0.05). A positive correlation was found between the deep learning approach and students' academic performance (r= 0.197, P<0.05, df= 130). CONCLUSION: Medical students in the basic science years at Trinity School of Medicine adopted the deep learning approach more than the surface approach. Likewise, students who were more inclined towards the deep learning approach scored significantly higher on academic tests.
Humans ; Informed Consent ; Learning ; Observational Study ; Saint Vincent and the Grenadines ; Students, Medical

OBJECTIVETo determine the presence and levels of microbes in unexpired pasteurized milk from randomly selected supermarkets in Kingston, Jamaica.

METHODSThe quantitative study used a stratified random sampling technique in the selection of the 20 representative milk samples from six (6) supermarkets. Microbiological tests such as methylene blue reduction, standard plate count (SPC), coliform plate count (CPC), purity plate culture, gram staining and biochemical tests were performed to examine the microbes in purchased unexpired pasteurized milk.

RESULTSOne sample (BCr016) had a pH of 4.0, a rancid odour and curdled appearance. It decolourized within one hour during the methylene blue reduction test and was classified as class 4 milk. Seven of the samples were sterile with no microbe growth on the plate count agar and violet red bile salt agar (VRBA). The milk samples that appeared to be safe for consumption were all 10, 11, 12 and 13 days before expiration. The VRBA sample BCr016, had a colony count of 13 400 CFU/ mL. There was the presence of Escherichia coli in sample LCr021 which had a standard plate count of 1 580 SPC/mL and a coliform count of 500 CFU/mL. Enterobacter sp. was present in colonies from BCr016 and all the other milk samples.

CONCLUSIONSUnacceptable levels of Enterobacter spp. and Escherichia coli were found in most of the samples. Effective measures to ensure safe milk for human consumption such as the phosphatase test and methylene blue reduction test should be routinely performed on each batch of milk processed by dairy plants.

Biotechnology ; China ; Cooperative Behavior ; Cuba ; Federal Government ; Translational Medical Research

PURPOSE: Neisseria meningitidis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae share between 80% and 90% of their genetic sequence. Meningococcal serogroup B vaccines based on outer membrane vesicles—such as VA-MENGOC-BC—could cross-protect against gonorrhea. The aim of this study was to analyze the incidence rates of gonorrhea and other sexually transmitted diseases with respect to the use of the VA-MENGOC-BC vaccine. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Health statistics between 1970 and 2017 were reviewed and the incidence of meningococcal disease and sexually transmitted diseases (gonorrhea, syphilis, condyloma acuminatum, hepatitis B and human immunodeficiency virus infection) were analyzed during the pre- and post-vaccination periods. Gonorrhea incidence was also analyzed by age groups. RESULTS: VA-MENGOC-BC was successfully used to control a meningococcal epidemic in Cuba. The strategy to combat the epidemic was carried out in two stages. The first one was a nationwide mass-vaccination campaign from 1989 to 1990, targeting the population at highest-risk aged 3 months to 24 years. During the second stage, begun in 1991, it was included in the Expanded Immunization Program. Gonorrhea incidence increased from 1970 to 1989. However, after the VA-MENGOC-BC massive vaccination campaign a sharp decrease of gonorrhea incidence was observed. It lasted between 1989 and 1993. A second incidence peak was detected in 1995, but it dropped again. Data clearly show a decline in the incidence of gonorrhea following massive vaccination, in contrast with other sexually transmitted diseases. Incidence rates in unvaccinated age groups also decreased, probably due to herd immunity. CONCLUSION: There is evidence that VA-MENGOC-BC could induce a moderate protection against gonorrhea.
Cuba ; Gonorrhea ; Hepatitis B ; HIV ; Humans ; Immunity, Herd ; Immunization Programs ; Incidence ; Membranes ; Neisseria gonorrhoeae ; Neisseria meningitidis ; Serogroup ; Sexually Transmitted Diseases ; Syphilis ; Vaccination ; Vaccines

The nationwide epidemiological study of mental disorders including social phobia in Korea using DIS-III Korean Version was conducted in the Capital City of Korea(Seoul) and 20 rural areas and compaired to the other 3 countries. The results were as follows: 1) Total number of study of Korea was 5.100, USA 18571, Canada 3258 and Puerto Rico 1513. 2) The highest response rate was Puerto Rico and Korea, USA and Canada in order. 3) Female ratio was highest in the USA and Canada, next is Puerto Rico and Korea. 4) The lifetime prevalance of social phobia of the USA was 2.6%, Canada 1.7%, Puerto Rico 1.0% and Korea 0.5%. The Highest ratio was the USA and Canada, Puerto Rico and Korea in male and in female in order. 5) Mean age of onset, Canada was earliest(14.6yrs. old) and USA(15.8), Pueno Rico(19.8) and Korea(24.3). In male the earliest was USA and Canada, Puerto Rico and Korea. Onset of social phobia before onset of other psychiatric disorder, the highest was Puerto Rico and USA Korea and Canada. 6) Comorbidity was the highest in the USA and Canada, Puerto Rico and Korea. 7) The effect of social phobia of the risk of suicide attempts in persons with any other psychiatric disorder, in case of comorbid with social phobia was much more frequent than not comorbid with social phobia. 8) Eating fear in front of people was the highest in the USA and Canada, Korea and Puerto Rico in order. Fear of speaking in front of group was the highest in Puerto Rico and USA Canada and Korea. Fear of speaking to strangers was the highest in Korea and Canada, USA and Puerto Rico.
Age of Onset ; Canada ; Comorbidity ; Eating ; Epidemiologic Studies* ; Epidemiology* ; Female ; Humans ; Korea ; Male ; Mental Disorders* ; Phobic Disorders* ; Puerto Rico ; Suicide

PURPOSE: This study aimed to examine the modifiable programmatic characteristics reflected in the Commission on Accreditation in Physical Therapy Education (CAPTE) Annual Accreditation Report for all accredited programs that reported pass rates on the National Physical Therapist Examination, and to build a predictive model for first-time and three-year ultimate pass rates. METHODS: This observational study analyzed programmatic information from the 185 CAPTE-accredited physical therapy programs in the United States and Puerto Rico out of a total of 193 programs that provided the first-time and three-year ultimate pass rates in 2011. Fourteen predictive variables representing student selection and composition, clinical education length and design, and general program length and design were analyzed against first-time pass rates and ultimate pass rates on the NPTE. Univariate and multivariate multinomial regression analysis for first-time pass rates and logistic regression analysis for three-year ultimate pass rates were performed. RESULTS: The variables associated with the first-time pass rate in the multivariate analysis were the mean undergraduate grade point average (GPA) and the average age of the cohort. Multivariate analysis showed that mean undergraduate GPA was associated with the three-year ultimate pass rate. CONCLUSIONS: Mean undergraduate GPA was found to be the only modifiable predictor for both first-time and three-year pass rates among CAPTE-accredited physical therapy programs.
Accreditation ; Cohort Studies ; Education* ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Multivariate Analysis ; Observational Study ; Physical Therapists ; Puerto Rico ; School Admission Criteria ; United States*

The nationwide epidemiological study of mental disorders including suicide ideation and suicide attempts in Korea using DIS-III Korean Version was conducted in the Capital City of Korea(Seoul) and 20 rural areas and compared to the other 8 countries. The results were as follows : 1) The lifetime prevalence of suicide ideation were 18.51% in New zealand, 15.62% in Munich, Germany, 14.20% in France, 11.25% in Canada, 11.18% in the USA, 9.5% in Puerto Rico, 5.28% in Taiwan and 2.09% in Lebanon, respectively 2) The lifetime prevalence of suicide ideation was higher in female than male Divorced and separated persons were at the highest risk and next were never married. Married persons were at the lowest risk. 3) The lifetime prevalence of suicide attempts were 5.93% in Puerto Rico, 4.95% in France, 4.43% in New Zealand, 3.82% in Canada, 3.44% in Munich Germany, 3.20% in Korea, 3.13% in the USA, 0.75% in Taiwan and 0.72% in Lebanon, respectively. 4) The lifetime prevalence of suicide attempts were highest in female and divorced or separated. Next were never married and lowest were married.
Canada ; Divorce ; Epidemiologic Studies* ; Epidemiology ; Female ; France ; Germany ; Humans ; Korea* ; Lebanon ; Male ; Mental Disorders* ; New Zealand ; Prevalence ; Puerto Rico ; Single Person ; Spouses ; Suicide* ; Taiwan

This study was conducted to evaluate the performance and reach of YouTube videos on physical examinations made by Spanish university students. We analyzed performance metrics for 4 videos on physical examinations in Spanish that were created by medical students at Miguel Hernández University (Elche, Spain) and are available on YouTube, on the following topics: the head and neck (7:30), the cardiovascular system (7:38), the respiratory system (13:54), and the abdomen (11:10). We used the Analytics application offered by the YouTube platform to analyze the reach of the videos from the upload date (February 17, 2015) to July 28, 2017 (2 years, 5 months, and 11 days). The total number of views, length of watch-time, and the mean view duration for the 4 videos were, respectively: 164,403 views (mean, 41,101 views; range, 12,389 to 94,573 views), 425,888 minutes (mean, 106,472 minutes; range, 37,889 to 172,840 minutes), and 2:56 minutes (range, 1:49 to 4:03 minutes). Mexico was the most frequent playback location, followed by Spain, Colombia, and Venezuela. Uruguay, Ecuador, Mexico, and Puerto Rico had the most views per 100,000 population. Spanish-language tutorials are an alternative tool for teaching physical examination skills to students whose first language is not English. The videos were especially popular in Uruguay, Ecuador, and Mexico.
Abdomen ; Cardiovascular System ; Colombia ; Ecuador ; Education, Medical ; Head ; Humans ; Mexico ; Neck ; Physical Examination* ; Puerto Rico ; Respiratory System ; Spain ; Students, Medical* ; Uruguay ; Venezuela ; Video Recording