Pathological study was performed on the 135 cases (137 lesion) of early gastric cancer (EGC) diagnosed during the period from 1970 to 1988. The gastrectomy specimens were obtained from Pusan National University Hospital and Pusan Paik Hospital. The statistical analysis was applied on the point of pathological and epidemiological aspects. The results obtained were summarized as follows: 1) The proportion of patients with EGC of all gastric cancer diagnosed in Pusan area during the period of 1970 to 1974 was 1.3%, those during 1975 to 1979 was 1.7%, those during 1980 to 1984 was 7.8%, and those during 1985 to 1988 was 20.0% respectively. 2) The model age group was 6th decade in both sexes. The average age of patients with EGC was 50. 1-year-old in men and 47. 9-year-old in women respectively. The sex ratio (M/F) was 2 : 1 but it was lower for young people than for old people. 3) The proportion of sites involved by the EGC in the stomach was as follows : the antrum 61%, the body 39%, and the cardia and fundus 0.01%. The intestinal type cancer more frequently involved the lower portion than the upper portion of the stomach. 4) Regarding the distribution of the gross types of EGC, the elevated group (Type I, IIa) accounted for 14%, the flat type (Type IIb) accounted for 4%, and the depressed group (Type IIc, III) accounted for 82%. There was no correlation between the gross type and the depth of the lesion. The elevated group was more frequent in intestinal type than in diffuse type. 5) The size distribution of the EGC was as follows : 46% of the lesions were smaller than 2.0 cm in diameter, 47% were between 2.1 to 5.0 cm, and 7% were larger than 5.1 cm. There was no correlation between the size of the lesion and the gross type. 6) The intestinal type of EGC was 77 lesions (56.2%) and the diffuse type 60 lesions (43.8%). The ratio of both types (I/D) was 1.3 : 1, and it was lower for younger people than for old people. 7) Ten of 135 cases (7%) had lymph node metastases. The metastatic rate of EGC confined to submucosa was much higher than that of EGC confined to mucosa only, but the metastatic rate was not related with the size of the lesion.
Female ; Male ; Humans ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Stomach Neoplasms

OBJECTIVE: bjective: By identifying the unknown substance responsible for binding with nebulin SH3 domain within the sarcomeric Z-line, we tried to find out Z-line structure which plays an important role on muscle contraction and maintenance of muscle funtion. METHOD: First, the bait plasmid was made by binding the DNA binding domain of Gal4 protein of yeast and the SH3 domain. Second, library plasmid was made by binding activation domain and human skeletal cDNA library. Then, the base sequence of the clone, produced by combining the two proteins expressed by transgenically converted plasmid in yeast, was analyzed. RESULT: We screened out six true positive clones and analyzed the base sequence of the two of six clones. We identified them to be alpha-actinin2. CONCLUSION: We can theorize that Neublin SH3 domain and alpha-actinin2 plays a vital role for the integration of Z-line. Thus, this is an important data in further studying muscle functions, mechanisms, and muscular disease as well.
Base Sequence ; Clone Cells ; DNA ; Gene Library ; Humans* ; Muscle Contraction ; Muscular Diseases ; Plasmids ; src Homology Domains* ; Yeasts

To observe the role of oxygen free radical and enzymatic scavengers in cerebral ischemia, an infarction model was made using transorbital occlusion of the middle cerebral artery in cats. The changes of the superoxide radical production and the activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase were measured. The results were as follows ; 1) The infarction of the left middle cerebral artery(MCA) territory was identified with intracardiac perfusion of a TTC solution after transorbital occlusion. 2) The superoxide radical activities after occlusion of the left MCA were not changed in all groups except for the decrease in 6 hours group of the right side compared to the control group(p<0.05). 3) The Mn-superoxide dismutase activities of the left side in the 12 hours group were significantly higher than those of the right side(p<0.01) and those in the control group(p<0.05). 4) The Cu, Zn-superoxide dismutase activities of the left side in the 3 hours group after occlusion of the left MCA were significantly higher than those in the control group(p<0.05). 5) The catalase activities of the left side in the 3 hours, 6 hours and 12 hours groups after occlusion of the left MCA were significantly higher than those of the right side(p<0.05). 6) The catalase activities of the left side in the 12 hours group after occlusion of the left MCA were significantly higher than those in the control group(p<0.05). The authors suggest that the enzymatic scavangers such as Mn-SOD, Cu, Zn-SOD and catalase increased in the infarcted brain, which means an involvement of free radicals in cerebral infarction.
Animals ; Brain ; Brain Ischemia ; Catalase* ; Cats ; Cerebral Infarction* ; Free Radicals ; Infarction ; Middle Cerebral Artery ; Oxygen ; Perfusion ; Superoxide Dismutase* ; Superoxides*

A nasal provocation test is the most reliable diagnostic test to confirm allergen in allergic rhinitis. However, there are neither specific objective methods nor a standardized method and interpretation. In 20 normal subjects and 86 allergic rhinitis patients, we applied acoustic rhinometry as a new objective method to assess changes in nasal patency induced by nasal allergen challenge, a procedure which is used for confirming allergic rhinitis. The result shows that a minimal cross-sectional area (MCA) and volume from the nose tip on back to 7 cm (nasal cavity volume) after allergen challenge were significantly decreased in allergic rhinitis patients in comparison with the control subjects. We conclude that acoustic rhinometry can provide a sensitive index for evaluating the results of a nasal provocation test.
Acoustics* ; Diagnostic Tests, Routine ; Humans ; Nasal Provocation Tests* ; Nose ; Rhinitis ; Rhinometry, Acoustic*

A soft tissue defect of the lower leg or foot presents a challenging problem. Reconstructive surgeon should be armed at all points of wound site, tendon and bone exposure, injury of major vessel and so on in the lower limb. We reconstructed the defects of lower legs and feet of 25 patients between February, 1997 and December, 2003. Applying reversed adipofascial flap with skin graft on a soft tissue defect of the lower leg or foot is challenging. We did a comparative study of 25 reversed adipofascial flaps with 51 free flaps. All 25 cases of reverse adpofascial flap reconstruction were successful except for a partial loss of skin graft in 3 occasions. The reversed adipofascial flap had a merit of a short operation time and hositalization, a high success rate and minimum complications. Besides major vessels in the lower leg are better preserved and donor morbidity is minimal. However, the flap is unmerited in reconstructing a hug hallowed defect and in the leg with poor blood circulation and once previous surgery. The operators may consider the feasible substitution of reversed adipofascial flap for free flap before applying in the lower leg.
Arm ; Blood Circulation ; Foot ; Free Tissue Flaps* ; Humans ; Leg* ; Lower Extremity ; Skin ; Tendons ; Tissue Donors ; Transplants ; Wounds and Injuries

We analyzed 560 cases of anesthesia for burned patients from January 1986 to December 1983 after establishment of burn center in Hangang Sacred Heart Hospital. The results were as follws; 1) The number of patients was 121 in 1986, 203 in 1987 and 236 in 1988. 2) Among 560 cases, 411 (73.4%) cases were male and the most common age group was under 10-year-old (181 cases, 32.4%). 3) Most frequent surgical procedure was skin graft (453 cases 80.9%) and early escharectomy was increased. 4) Inhalation anesthesia was 496 cases (88.6%) and intravenous anesthesia was decreased (16.5% in 1986 and 0.4%, in 1988). 5) The duration of anesthesia was 2.5+/-1.61 hours in 1986, 2.6+/-1.20 hours and 1.5+/-0.89 hours in 1988. It was shortened respectively. 6) Flame burn was the most common cause of burn (65.9%) and the patient with 30-40% burned surface area were most frequent (22.1%).
Anesthesia* ; Anesthesia, Inhalation ; Anesthesia, Intravenous ; Burn Units ; Burns* ; Child ; Heart ; Humans ; Male ; Skin ; Transplants

Enterovesical fistula is a relatively rare disease and usually caused by primary intestinal disease (diverticulitis, colon cancer and inflammatory bowel disease including Crohn's disease etc.). We experienced a rare case of ileocolovesical fistula caused by Crohn's disease. The 34 year old man had had chronic dysuria, lower abdominal pain and turbid urine for 3 years. Contrast studies including cystography, small bowel series, barium enema and abdominal Of showed ileocolovesical fistula. Small bowel segmental resection, Hartmann's colostomy and suprapubic cystostomy were performed. Histological examination of operative specimen showed a granulomatous inflammation caused by Crohn's disease. Our case suggests that Crohn's disease may be a rare cause of enterovesicalfistula in Korean.
Abdominal Pain ; Adult ; Barium ; Colonic Neoplasms ; Colostomy ; Crohn Disease* ; Cystostomy ; Dysuria ; Enema ; Fistula* ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases ; Intestinal Diseases ; Rare Diseases

PURPOSE : To investigate the incidence and prevalence of C-shaped root canal using computed tomographic images of head and neck in Korean population. MATERIALS AND METHODS : Regardless of each examination purpose, randomly selected 268 examples which have serial axial computed tomographic images with 8 normal molars in maxilla and mandible were selected and investigated. Defined C-shaped root canal and we could get 82 proper image examples in view of this definition. These were detected and investigated of incidence and prevalence of C-shaped root canal. RESULTS : C-shaped root canals were found in 82 examples among 268 (30.6%) and 147 teeth. They were only found on molar area, and the highest incidence was 37.41% of left mandibular second molars, and the lowest was 2.04% of right maxillary second molars. On prevalence of tooth position, mandibular second molar was the highest, 65% of C-shaped root canal teeth and maxillary second molar was 6% the lowest. CONCLUSION : 31% of randomly selected CT images no considering check-up reason have C-shaped root canals. The C-shaped root canals of mandibular second molar are found most frequently and they are also detectable on maxilla. On Korean population, C-shaped root canals are one of conditions that have to concern with dental treatment for it appears at a high prevalence relatively.
Dental Pulp Cavity ; Head ; Incidence ; Mandible ; Maxilla ; Molar ; Neck ; Prevalence ; Tooth

Therapeutic hypothermia (TH) improves the neurological outcome in patients after cardiac arrest and neonatal hypoxic brain injury. We studied the safety and feasibility of mild TH in patients with poor-grade subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) after successful treatment. Patients were allocated randomly to either the TH group (34.5°C) or control group after successful clipping or coil embolization. Eleven patients received TH for 48 hours followed by 48 hours of slow rewarming. Vasospasm, delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI), functional outcome, mortality, and safety profiles were compared between groups. We enrolled 22 patients with poor-grade SAH (Hunt & Hess Scale 4, 5 and modified Fisher Scale 3, 4). In the TH group, 10 of 11 (90.9%) patients had a core body temperature of < 36°C for > 95% of the 48-hour treatment period. Fewer patients in the TH than control group (n = 11, each) had symptomatic vasospasms (18.1% vs. 36.4%, respectively) and DCI (36.3% vs. 45.6%, respectively), but these differences were not statistically significant. At 3 months, 54.5% of the TH group had a good-to-moderate functional outcome (0–3 on the modified Rankin Scale [mRS]) compared with 9.0% in the control group (P = 0.089). Mortality at 1 month was 36.3% in the control group compared with 0.0% in the TH group (P = 0.090). Mild TH is feasible and can be safely used in patients with poor-grade SAH. Additionally, it may reduce the risk of vasospasm and DCI, improving the functional outcomes and reducing mortality. A larger randomized controlled trial is warranted.
Aneurysm ; Body Temperature ; Brain Injuries ; Brain Ischemia ; Embolization, Therapeutic ; Heart Arrest ; Humans ; Hypothermia, Induced* ; Mortality ; Pilot Projects* ; Prospective Studies* ; Rewarming ; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage* ; Vasospasm, Intracranial

Schwannoma of the stomach is a rare controversial neoplasm which requires extensive studies to clarify its nature as a stromal tumor or leiomyoma. We describe the pathologic, immunohistochemical, and ultrastructural characteristics of schwannoma of the stomach in a 33-year-old woman. The tumor was a well-circumscribed submucosal mass located in the posterior wall of the midbody of the stomach. Microscopically, the cells were made up of fasciculating bundles of spindle cells featured with peripheral lymphoid cell cuffing. The tumor cells revealed a diffuse, strong immunoreactivity to S-100 protein and vimentin, but were negative to desmin and smooth muscle actin. They also had a focal positive reaction to glial fibrillary acidic protein. Ultrastructurally, many tumor cells showed a number of thin, elongated and interdigitating dendritic-cell-like processes, distinctly uniformed basal laminae, frequent cellular attachments, and microfilaments. These findings support the schwannian nature of the tumor.
Actin Cytoskeleton ; Actins ; Adult ; Basement Membrane ; Desmin ; Female ; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein ; Humans ; Leiomyoma ; Lymphocytes ; Muscle, Smooth ; Neurilemmoma* ; S100 Proteins ; Stomach ; Vimentin