A clinical observation was made on 97 cases of hydronephrosis who were admitted to the Urologic Department of the Maryknoll Hospital during the period from July 1, 1976 to December 31, 1981 (5 and 1/2 years). The results are as follows: 1. The rate of hydronephrosis accounted for 8.7% of the total patients (1,109 patients) admitted to the Urologic Department and 20.6% of the patients with urinary tract obstruction (471 patients). 2. The patients in this series were distributed over all ages, from a 12-month-old baby up to a 76-year-old patient. The most common age group Was the 5th decade (29.9%) and the male to female ratio was 1.5 to 1. 3. In underlying diseases, the most common cause of hydronephrosis was ureteral stone (40.2%), and 16.5%was idiopathic. 4. In lateralization of hydronephrosis, the left side was more affected than the right side by about 1.2 times and 19.6% was bilateral. In site and level of obstruction, upper tract was 76.3%, mid and lower tract was 7.2%, intraurinary tract lesion was 97.9% and extraurinary tract lesion was 2.1%. 5. The most commonly obstructed organ was the ureter (59.8%). 6. The most common symptom on admission was flank pain (46.8%). 7. In laboratory findings, increased B.U.N. and creatinine was 11.3%. Pyuria was 58.8% in urinalysis and the most common organism in urine culture was E. Coli (50.0%). 8. The most common complication of hydronephrosis was non-functioning kidney (42.2%). 9. In treatment, surgical treatment was 75.3% and conservative treatment, 24.7%. Of the surgical treatment, the most common operation was nephrectomy (30.9%), while the rate of conserving kidney was 69.1% and about 2.2 times higher than nephrectomy cases.
Aged ; Creatinine ; Female ; Flank Pain ; Humans ; Hydronephrosis* ; Infant ; Kidney ; Male ; Nephrectomy ; Pyuria ; Ureter ; Urinalysis ; Urinary Tract

Ultrasonography were performed on 52 patients with 64 cases of urologic diseases, and its significance was discussed. The results were as follows: 1. Overall diagnostic accuracy of ultrasonography was 90.6% and diagnostic error was 9.4%. 2. It is not helpful to use ultrasonography as a primary screening procedure or to use it alone, but it is recommended to use ultrasonography as a supplementary measure after excretory urography. 3. Many needless renal angiographys and explorations can be avoided by performing ultrasonography prior to renal angiographys and explorations to get more accurate information. 4. Ultrasonography is known to be atraumatic, noninvasive and not harmful to human body, and it may be used safely in children and pregnant women. 5. Ultrasonography can be performed regardless of renal function and is particularly helpful in differentiating between cystic and solid masses. 6. Ultrasonography was particularly helpful in the diagnosis of non-visualization of kidney in I.V.P.
Child ; Diagnosis* ; Diagnostic Errors ; Female ; Human Body ; Humans ; Kidney ; Mass Screening ; Pregnant Women ; Ultrasonography* ; Urography ; Urologic Diseases*

Statistical observation was made on in-patients in Department of Urology, Maryknoll Hospital, Busan, Korea, during the period from July 1, 1976 to December 31, 1979.
Busan ; Korea ; Urolithiasis ; Urology*

The free, full thickness skin graft urethroplasty has grown in popularity and row ranks among the best of corrective procedures for urethral stricture. This procedures was initially described by Presman and Greenfield in 1953. Herein we present a case of full thickness tube graft urethroplasty in 29-year-old male patient with anterior urethral stricture.
Adult ; Humans ; Male ; Skin ; Transplants* ; Urethral Stricture*

Renal hypoplasia is a relatively rare congenital disease. We report two cases of unilateral renal hyperplasia with review of literature.
Hyperplasia

BACKGROUND: Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) is a potent mitogenic cytokine. C-met protein, which is known to be the HGF receptor has transmembrane tyrosine kinase activity and is encoded by the c-met oncogene. The HGF/c-met signaling pathway may play various roles in the carcinogenesis of various organs. METHODS: We examined HGF and c-met mRNA expression by utilizing reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction on 40 surgically resected intracranial meningiomas (25 benign, 10 atypical, and 5 anaplastic cases). RESULTS: An HGF overexpression was detected in 28%, 50%, and 80% of the benign, atypical and anaplastic meningiomas, respectively; a high expression of HGF or the coexpression of HGF/c-met was detected in the high grade meningiomas (the atypical and anaplastic cases, p=0.046, p=0.014). An HGF expression was statistically significant in the recurrent meningiomas (p=0.003), and HGF expression was significantly lower than c-met mRNA expression in benign meningiomas (p=0.034). CONCLUSIONS: There was no correlation between histologic subtypes and HGF/c-met expression. Determination of HGF expression can be used as a molecular predictor for recurrence of meningioimas. These results suggest that HGF and c-met expression in meningiomas may be associated with anaplastic progression.
Hepatocyte Growth Factor ; Hepatocytes ; Meningioma ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Oncogenes ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Protein-Tyrosine Kinases ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-met ; Recurrence ; Reverse Transcription ; RNA, Messenger

The incidence of difficult laryngoscopy or intubation varies from 1.5% to 13%, and failed intubation has been identified as one of the anesthesia-related causes of death or permanent brain damage. The Intubating Laryngeal Mask Airway (ILMA) is a new modified laryngeal mask with the capability for guided tracheal intubation while maintaining ventilation. The ILMA was designed by Brain to improve blind endotracheal intubation through a laryngeal mask. We report the successful use of this device in two patients with difficult airway during induction of general anesthesia.
Anesthesia, General ; Brain ; Cause of Death ; Humans ; Incidence ; Intubation* ; Intubation, Intratracheal ; Laryngeal Masks* ; Laryngoscopy ; Ventilation

The incidence of difficult laryngoscopy or intubation varies from 1.5% to 13%, and failed intubation has been identified as one of the anesthesia-related causes of death or permanent brain damage. The Intubating Laryngeal Mask Airway (ILMA) is a new modified laryngeal mask with the capability for guided tracheal intubation while maintaining ventilation. The ILMA was designed by Brain to improve blind endotracheal intubation through a laryngeal mask. We report the successful use of this device in two patients with difficult airway during induction of general anesthesia.
Anesthesia, General ; Brain ; Cause of Death ; Humans ; Incidence ; Intubation* ; Intubation, Intratracheal ; Laryngeal Masks* ; Laryngoscopy ; Ventilation

BACKGROUND: Facial laceration is a common clinical problem in the emergency room that is frequently associated with other craniofacial injuries. It elicits an emotional response from the patient because of the underlying concern of permanent scar and secondary facial disfigurement, so they demand prompt and adequate treatment. The aim of this study is to analyze the incidence, etiology, depth, and site of facial lacerations to provide basic data for further understanding. METHOD: This study reviewed 1,043 facial-laceration patients treated in the emergency room at Pusan Paik Hospital between March 1999 and February 2000. This retrospective study was done by reviewing and analyzing the sex and age distributions, the monthly and daily distributions, the causes of injury, the types of injury, the sites of injury, the lengths of the lacerations, and associated injuries. RESULTS: The sex ratio of men to wemen was 2.4:1, and the 0~10 age group was at the top of the age distribution. The number of patients was the highest on sundays and during March. About 9.2% of the patients visited the emergency room between 10:00 P.M. and 11:00 P.M. Falls(38.1%) were the most common cause of facial laceration, and deep laceration(51.8%) was the most common type of facial laceration. The most common laceration site was the forehead, followed by the chin and the nose. The most common associated craniofacial injury was facial bone fracture(39%). Facial-lacerations were sutured by plastic surgeons(80%), emergency physicians(10%), and oromaxillofacial surgeons(10%). We found statistical significance in the types and lengths of lacerations between men and wemen, among age groups(p<0.05). CONCLUSION: Facial laceration is one of the most common craniofacial injuries in the emergency room. By now, most lacerations have been repaired by plastic surgeons. But, the causes of lacerations are diverse and many patients are admitted due to the associated injuries. Therefore, emergency physicians should participate more aggressively in the care of facial-laceration patients to improve the outcome of the patients.
Age Distribution ; Busan ; Chin ; Cicatrix ; Emergencies* ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Facial Bones ; Forehead ; Humans ; Incidence ; Lacerations* ; Male ; Nose ; Retrospective Studies ; Sex Ratio

Localized fibrous tumor of the scrotum is a very rare disease, and few radiologic features have been reported. We report the sonographic and CT findings of a case of localized fibrous tumor, which developed in the scrotum of a thirty-years-old man.
Mesothelioma* ; Rare Diseases ; Scrotum* ; Ultrasonography