No abstract available.
Animals ; Carcinogenesis* ; Rats*

PURPOSE: The purpose of the study was to have an in-depth understanding of delivery room nurses'experiences of caring for stillborn babies and their parents. METHODS: After obtaining approval from the Institutional Review Board, data were collected from March 1 to August 30, 2016. A total of six nurses participated in the study. Semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted and the data subsequently analyzed. RESULTS: Using thematic analysis, six themes were defined and refined: Emotional distress as a result of encountering stillborn babies; Caring for the deceased baby; Concerns for the mother's pain; Consideration for the father; Conflicts between accepting and dismissing parents' requests; and Strong mindset for the stillborn babies and their parents. CONCLUSION: The results showed that the nurses' experiences of caring for stillborn babies and their parents might be a difficult and lonely process. However, it could also be a process of attaining maturity by finding meaning and value in one's work. It would be helpful for the delivery room nurses to share examples of effective communication, train through simulation, and learn useful strategies that each nurse can use.
Delivery Rooms* ; Ethics Committees, Research ; Fathers ; Humans ; Parents* ; Qualitative Research ; Stillbirth

Broncho-gastric fistula caused by benign gastric ulcer perforation after esophagectomy is very rare. In general anesthesia of a patient with broncho-gastric fistula, in spite of hyperventilation, leakage of the anesthetic gases through fistula may make the patient hypercapneic, and positive pressure ventilation may increase the risk of the pulmanary aspiration by the regurgitation of gastric fluid by stomach distension. For that reason, in this patient, denitrogenation was performed during patient's voluntary respiration with 100% oxygen for 5 minutes, and induction was performed without positive pressure ventilation, and one lung ventilation was carried out. Hypoxemia was followed by one lung ventilation because his pulmonary function was moderate obstructive type and his lung was damaged by aspiration of gastric fluid via broncho-gastric fistula. A low level of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) has no significant hemodynamic effect and can maintain the patency of nonventilated lung, so hypoxemia induced by one lung ventilation may be reduced. Thus we carried out one lung ventilation with CPAP (10 cmH2O) in nonventilated lung and blocked broncho-gastric fistula with a bronchial blocker for prevention of both regurgitation of gastric fluid and leakage of anesthetic gases. One lung anesthesia was performed without any problem in this case.
Anesthesia ; Anesthesia, General* ; Anesthetics, Inhalation ; Anoxia ; Continuous Positive Airway Pressure ; Esophagectomy ; Fistula* ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Hyperventilation ; Lung ; One-Lung Ventilation ; Oxygen ; Positive-Pressure Respiration ; Respiration ; Stomach ; Stomach Ulcer

No abstract available.
Adolescent* ; Humans ; Male* ; Psoriasis*

Uterine cervical cancer is a common gynecological cancer prevalent in Korea. Early detection, precise diagnosis, and appropriate treatment can affect its prognosis. Imaging approaches play an important role in staging, treatment planning, and follow-up. MRI specifically provides the advantage of assessing tumor size and disease severity with high soft tissue contrast. The revised version of the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) staging system has been introduced in 2018, which incorporates subdivided primary tumor size and lymph node metastasis. In this review, the staging of uterine cervical cancer based on previous studies, the recently revised FIGO staging, and various post-treatment images are primarily described using MRI.

Uterine cervical cancer is a common gynecological cancer prevalent in Korea. Early detection, precise diagnosis, and appropriate treatment can affect its prognosis. Imaging approaches play an important role in staging, treatment planning, and follow-up. MRI specifically provides the advantage of assessing tumor size and disease severity with high soft tissue contrast. The revised version of the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) staging system has been introduced in 2018, which incorporates subdivided primary tumor size and lymph node metastasis. In this review, the staging of uterine cervical cancer based on previous studies, the recently revised FIGO staging, and various post-treatment images are primarily described using MRI.

BACKGROUND: Endoscopic Ultrasonography(EUS), a combination of endoscopy and ultrasonography is one of the most useful tools for diagnosis of digestive system diseases. EUS is useful in staging the primary tumor invasion and regional lymph node metastasis because of its ability to image the gut wall and adjacent structures in unique detail. We performed a study preoperatively for assessing the accuracy and limitation of EUS in gastric carcinoma. METHODS: In 75 patients(Male 54, Female 21, Mean age 62.3 years) with a gastric carcinoma confirmed by endoscopic biopsy, we performed EUS preoperatively. The results were compared with the postoperative histopathologic staging. RESULTS: 1) In assessing the depth of tumor invasion, EUS accuracy on depth of invasion was 76.0% and overstaging and understaging were 14.7% and 9.3%, respectively. 2) In assessing the lymph node metastasis, the accuracy rate of EUS was 65.3%. A rate of false-positive diagnosis was 27.3%, and a rate of false-negative diagnosis was 24.5%.3) In assessing the incidence of lymph node metastasis for each T stage, the involve rate was 10.5% in pT1, 36.4% in pT2, 95.7% in pT3, 100% in pT4. CONCLUSIONS: EUS is the most accurate diagnostic methods presently available to determine tumor infiltration depth and lymph node metastasis.
Biopsy ; Diagnosis ; Digestive System Diseases ; Endoscopy ; Endosonography* ; Esophagus* ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Intestines* ; Lymph Nodes ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Stomach* ; Ultrasonography

OBJECTIVE: This study was undertaken to evaluate operative results and prognosis according to preoperative clinical status and histopathological finding of spinal cord tumor. METHODS: We analyzed of clinical feature, tumor location, histopathologic finding, operative results and prognosis in 55 patients with spinal cord tumor during last 10 years. RESULTS: 1) The incidence of spinal cord tumors varies with the age of affected patients who are 2 to 75 years of age. Peak incidences were in the 5th and 7th decade of life, and the ratio of male to female was 1.2:1. 2) The most common histopathologic type was neurinoma(41.9%). 3) The tumors were located most frequently in the thoracic area(22 cases, 40.0%) and in the intradural extramedullary space(30 cases, 54.5%). 4) The most common initial clinical feature was pain in 20 cases(36.4%). For neurologic status on admission, 30 cases(54.5%) showed motor disturbance. 5) In radiologic studies, there were abnormal finding in 21 cases from plain X-rays among 37 cases. The entire 20 cases in when myelography was done showed subarachnoid blockade, either complete or incomplete. The magnetic resonance imaging, regard as the most accurate diagnostic method, revealed the exact location of the tumor and the relationship of the tumor with the adjacent anatomical structure. 6) The total removal was possible in 36 cases(65.5%), subtotal removal in 17 cases(30.9%) and biopsy in 2 cases (3.6%). Nineteen cases(90.5%) among 21 cases with preoperative radiculopathy group showed recovery or improvement, where as only 11 cases(36.7%) among 30 cases with preoperative motor weakness group showed recovery or improvement, with statistically significant difference(p<0.01). Pathologically, 26 cases(83.9%) among 31 cases of neurinoma and meningioma showed postoperative recovery or improved, but only 1 case(6.3%) among 16 cases of metastatic tumor, astrocytoma and ependymoma recovered. Postoperative complication noted in 5 cases(9.1%), and were noted postoperative hematoma, pneumonia, pulmonary edema and spinal cord infarction. CONCLUSION: Preoperative neurologic status and histopathologic finding are considered important factors of Postoperative outcome in patients with spinal cord tumor.
Astrocytoma ; Biopsy ; Ependymoma ; Female ; Hematoma ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infarction ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Meningioma ; Myelography ; Neurilemmoma ; Pneumonia ; Postoperative Complications ; Prognosis ; Pulmonary Edema ; Radiculopathy ; Spinal Cord Neoplasms* ; Spinal Cord*

PURPOSE: This study identifies research trends and provides fundamental data related to curative power of aromatherapy to relieve pain in Korea. METHODS: The study analyzed 44 experimental studies on humans that were published in Korea before the end of December, 2009. The key words used for searching were: aroma, aromatherapy, hyang-yobeob, hyanggi-yobeob, hyanggichilyo, aromatherapy and pain, headache, scapulodynia, omodynia, feeling uncomfortable in the perineal region, sense of pain, labor pains, arm pain, menstrual pain, aches, and dysmenorrheal. Those words were found on websites, including those for Korea Education & Research Information Service, the National Assembly Library, KISS, KoreaMed, and NDSL. Collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. RESULTS: The results showed that most of essential oils to relieve pain is composed of three to four kinds of oils, including Lavender, Roman chamomile, Rosemary, and Clarysage. Aromatherapy is applied usually by means of massage (50%), inhalation (13.6%), or a combination of the above two (13.6%). Measuring instruments as a dependent variable include VAS, questionnaire, GRS, blood pressure, pulse, and Algometer. Aromatherapy plays an important role in soothing headaches and arthralgia. However, when it comes to labor and menstrual pain, it doesn't seem to be effective. CONCLUSION: The study found that different kinds of oil, frequencies, and periods of time are used for the same symptoms. Further research should employ standardized oil blending, application, duration, and measuring instruments, and more systematically analyze the effects of aromatherapy to establish the effects on relieving pain.
Arm ; Aromatherapy ; Arthralgia ; Blood Pressure ; Chamaemelum ; Dysmenorrhea ; Female ; Headache ; Humans ; Information Services ; Inhalation ; Korea ; Labor Pain ; Lavandula ; Massage ; Oils ; Oils, Volatile ; Pregnancy ; Surveys and Questionnaires

No abstract available.