Aim To investigate the role of ATP-sensi-tive potassium channels-Akt pathway in exogenous hy-drogen sulfide( H2 S) inhibiting the high glucose( HG)-induced injury in H9c2 cardiac cells. Methods The expression level of Akt protein was tested by Western blot assay. The cell viability was measured by cell counter kit-8(CCK-8 assay). The number of apoptotic cells was tested by Hoechst 33258 nuclear staining fol-lowed by photofluorography. The intracellular levels of reactive oxygen species ( ROS ) were detected by DCFH-DA staining followed by photofluorography. Mi-tochondrial membrane potential ( MMP ) was examined by JC-1 staining followed by photofluorography. Results H9c2 cells were treated with 35 mmol·L-1 glucose (high glucose, HG) for 0 ~24 h respectively. After treating for 3 h, the expression level of phosphorated ( p )-Akt protein began to be obviously reduced, the maximum reduced expression level was observed after the cells were exposed to HG for 24 h. Pretreatment of the cells with 50 μmol · L-1 pinacidil ( Pin, a KATP channel opener) or 400 μmol·L-1 NaHS( a donor of H2 S) prior to exposure to HG considerably blocked the down regulation of p-Akt expression level induced by HG. However, pretreatment with 1 mmol · L-1 KATP channel blocker glibenclamide( Gli) obviously attenua-ted the inhibitory effect of NaHS on HG-induced down-regulation of p-Akt expression level. On the other hand, the protective effects of NaHS against the HG-induced cardiomyocyte injury were markedly blocked by 30 μmol·L-1 Ly294002(an inhibitor of Akt), as indicated by the decrease in cell viability and MMP dissipation as well as the increases in the number of apoptotic cells and ROS generation. Conclution KATP channels-Akt pathway mediates the protective effect of H2 S against the HG-induced cardiac injury.

Objective To explore the clinical outcome of improved technique of Gamma nail in the treatment of intertrochanteric hip fracture of the elderly patients. Methods From March 2002 to October 2006.39 patients with intertrochanteric hip fracture were operated by improved technique of Gam-ma nail.There were 18 males and 21 females at average age of75.7 years(67_98 years).There were 6 patients with type A1 fracture,24 with type A2 fracture and 9 with type A3 fracture according to AO/ASIF classification.Of all.36 patients(92.3%)had osteoporosis.The operation improvements included the following points:(1)The patients were placed at the lateral decubitus position with the fractured limb on the uppermost,with flexion of knee and hip of 60°.The normal hip and knee were flexed as possible.(2)One-off indirect traction reduction was used after general anesthesia. no requirement of continuous mechanical traction.(3)C-arm image intensifier was employed to obtain normal and lateral projections.Results Of all,35 patients were followed up for a mean period of3 years and 2 months, ranging from 6 months to 5 years and 2 months.Operation data showed incision length of(4.3±1.2)cm,mean opera-tion time of(46±10)minutes,intraoperative bleeding volume of(65±26)ml and intraoperative X-ray exposure of(3.0±2.1)times.Postoperative recovery data showed survival in one-year follow up,with ambulation time of(10.5±3.6)days and fracture union time of(10.9±2.1)weeks.Mean Parker's score wag(6.9±3.2)points 6 months after operation. Conclusions Improved technique of Gamma nail can shorten operation duration,reduce operative trauma and bleeding,reduce X-ray exposure and im-prove success rate of surgery.as facilitates early pest-operative recovery and reduces the perioperative mortality rate of the elderly.

NAS preparation, a kind of Chinese herbal medicine found by the Yunnan Eco-agricultural Research Institute, has potential antiviral activity. In this paper, the inhibiting effect of NAS preparation on H9N2 subtype Avian influenza virus (AIV) was investigated in vivo. Chickens infected with H9N2 virus were treated with NAS preparation for 4 days. The virus was then detected by hemoagglutination (HA) test and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The results showed that no H9N2 virus could be detected at the 7th day when the chickens were treated with 0.2g/kg/d or 0.1g/kg/d of NAS preparation. However the virus could be detected in other chickens without NAS preparation treatment. This result suggested that NAS preparation may be a potential drug candidate to control infection of H9N2 subtype AIV in chickens.

AIM:To study whether hydrogen sulfide (H2S) protects H9c2 cardiomyocytes against high glucose ( HG)-induced injury by inhibiting necroptosis .METHODS:The protein levels of RIP3 ( an indicator of necroptosis ) and cleaved caspase-3 were determined by Western blot .The cell viability was measured by CCK-8 assay.The intracellular le-vels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) were detected by 2’, 7’-dichlorfluorescein diacetate staining followed by photofluo-rography.Mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) was examined by rhodamine 123 staining followed by photofluorogra-phy.The number of apoptotic cells was observed by Hoechst 33258 nuclear staining followed by photofluorography .RE-SULTS:After the H9c2 cells were treated with HG (35 mmol/L glucose) for 0~24 h, the protein expression of RIP3 in the H9c2 cells was significantly increased at 3 h, 6 h, 9 h, 12 h and 24 h, reaching the maximum level at 24 h.Pretreat-ment of the cells with 400μmol/L NaHS (a donor of H2S) or co-treatment of the cells with necrostatin-1 (Nec-1;a speci-fic inhibitor of necroptosis) considerably blocked the up-regulation of RIP3 protein induced by HG.Moreover, pretreatment with NaHS or co-treatment with Nec-1 obviously inhibited HG-induced injuries , leading to an increase in the cell viability , and decreases in the generation of ROS and MMP loss .On the other hand , pretreatment with NaHS also reduced the num-ber of apoptotic cells and the protein level of cleaved caspase-3 in the HG-treated H9c2 cardiomyocytes .CONCLUSION:H2 S protects H9c2 cardiomyocytes against HG-induced injury by inhibiting necroptosis .

Aim To investigate the role of the interac-tion between necroptosis ( Nec ) and p38 mitogen-acti-vated protein kinase ( MAPK) pathway in the high glu-cose (HG)-induced H9c2 cardiac cells injury.Meth-ods The cell viability was measured by cell counter kit-8 assay .The intracellular level of reactive oxygen species ( ROS ) was tested by DCFH-DA stating fol-lowed by photofluorography .Mitochondrial membrane potential ( MMP) was detected by Rhodamine 123 stai-ning followed by photofluorography . The expression levels of receptor interaction protein 3 ( RIP3, an indi-cator of Nec ) and p38 MAPK protein were tested by Western blot assay .Results The treatment of H9c2 cardiac cells with 35 mmol? L-1 glucose ( high glu-cose, HG) for 24 h induced considerable injuries , in-cluding a decrease in cell viability , increases in ROS generation as well as MMP loss .The co-treatment of the cells with 100 μmol? L-1 necrostatin-1(Nec-1,a specific inhibitor of Nec ) and HG for 24 h or the pre-treatment of the cells with 3 μmol? L-1 SB 2 0 3 5 8 0 ( an inhibitor of p38MAPK) for 60 min before HG exposure attenuated the above injuries induced by HG .Moreo-ver, the treatment of the cells with HG for 1,3,6,9, 12 ,24 ,36 and 48 h significantly increased the expres-sion levels of RIP3, peaking at 24 h.The co-treatment of the cells with 100 μmol? L-1 Nec-1 or the pre-treatment of the cells with 3 μmol? L-1 SB203580 considerably blocked the up-regulation of RIP3 expres-sion induced by HG .On the other hand , the co-treat-ment of the cells with 100 μmol? L-1 Nec-1 alleviated the HG-induced up-regulation of the expression of p-p38MAPK.Conclusion The interaction between Nec and p38 MAPK pathway mediates the HG-induced inju-ry in H9c2 cardiac cells.

Objective:To investigate the role of transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 in pancreatic tissue repair and reconstruction in rats with acute pancreatitis and its potential mechanism.Methods:114 male SD rats were randomly divided into normal control group (CON group) and acute edematous pancreatitis model group (AEP group), acute necrotic pancreatitis model group (ANP group), ANP control group and ANP intervention group. The rat AEP model was constructed by subcutaneous injection of caerulein, and the rat ANP model was prepared by intraperitoneal injection of L-arginine. The ANP intervention group and ANP control group were prepared by intraperitoneal injection of TGF-β1 inhibitor SB431542 or DMSO 30 min before, 24 h and 48 h after pancreatitis induction, respectively. Hydroxyproline content in pancreatic tissue was determined by hydroxyproline kit. The expression of TGF-β1, phosphorylated Smad3 (p-Smad3), type Ⅲ collagen and MMP-2 in pancreatic tissue was detected by immunohistochemical method. The activity of MMP-2 was determined by gelatin enzyme spectrometry. The expression levels of MMP-2 and p-Smad3 proteins in pancreatic tissue were detected by Western blot.Results:The hydroxyproline content in CON group was (61.71±8.56)μg/mg protein. The hydroxyproline content in AEP group reached the peak (116.72±8.53)μg/mg on the 3rd day. The peak value of hydroxyproline content in ANP group was (174.93±11.75)μg/mg on day 5. The peak value in ANP group was significantly higher than that in AEP group, and the peak value of hydroxyproline content in AEP group was significantly higher than that in CON group. The hydroxyproline content at day 3, 5 and 7 in the ANP intervention group was (108.07±10.48)μg/mg, (137.14±8.66)μg/mg and (112.35±13.16)μg/mg, respectively, and that at day 3, 5 and 7 in the ANP control group was (132.35±14.2)μg/mg, (175.43±13.75)μg/mg and (137.92±12.65)μg/mg, respectively. TGF-β1 immunohistochemical peak score in control group, AEP group and ANP group was (0.12±0.03), (1.96±0.21) and (3.00±0.28), respectively. p-Smad3 immunohistochemical peak score was (0.15±0.05), (2.05±0.20), and (3.05±0.24), while type Ⅲ collagen immunohistochemical peak score was (0.11±0.04), (1.56±0.15), and (3.10±0.17). MMP-2 immunohistochemical peak score was (0.05±0.03), (1.45±0.20), and (2.45±0.15), respectively. The immunohistochemical peak scores of TGF-β1, p-Smad3, type Ⅲ collagen and MMP-2 in ANP group were significantly higher than those in AEP group. The immunohistochemical peak scores of TGF-β1, p-Smad3, type Ⅲ collagen and MMP-2 in pancreatic tissue of ANP intervention group and ANP control group were (2.36±0.21), (2.25±0.22), (2.47±0.19), (2.00±0.10) and (3.02±0.21), (3.01±0.19), (3.05±0.24), (2.43±0.11), respectively, which in ANP intervention group was significantly lower than those in the ANP control group. The peak value of MMP-2 activity in pancreatic tissue of CON group, AEP group and ANP group was (10.85±1.73), (85.78±7.16) and (115.43±8.7), respectively, which in ANP group was significantly higher than that in AEP group, and in AEP group was significantly higher than that in CON group. In ANP intervention group and ANP control group 3 and 5 days after molding, the expression levels of MMP-2 protein in pancreas were 0.20±0.01, 1.19±0.02, 0.52±0.01, 1.54±0.05, respectively; p-Smad3 protein expression levels were 0.30±0.04, 0.66±0.11, 1.95±0.05, 1.30±0.01, respectively; and MMP-2 and p-Smad3 in ANP intervention group was significantly lower than those the ANP control group. All the differences among the groups above were statistically significant (all P value <0.001). Conclusions:TGF-β1 and MMP-2 play an important role in tissue remodeling and extracellular matrix deposition after acute pancreatitis inflammation.

Objective:To investigate the effect of laparoscopic ovarian cystectomy on anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) level, ovarian response to gonadotropin stimulation and pregnancy rate for in vitro fertilization (IVF) patients with benign ovarian cysts.Methods:Patients with benign ovarian cysts who were admitted for cystectomy and had undergone IVF treatment were enrolled in the study. There were 373 participants with ovarian cysts underwent laparoscopic ovarian cystectomy in the experimental group. According to duration of post-surgery, there were four sub-groups: 1 year post-surgery (1Y POST), 2 years post-surgery (2Y POST), 4 years post-surgery (4Y POST) and ≥5 years post-surgery (≥5Y POST) in the experimental group. According to histopathologic types of ovarian cysts, there were two sub-groups: ovarian endometriotic cysts and ovarian non-endometriotic cysts. Two hundreds and three patients with no history of ovarian cysts and ovarian surgery were in the control group. The level of AMH and basic concentrations of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), progesterone (P), estradiol (E 2) were measured. Antral follicle counts (AFC) were calculated. There were other study variables: total dose of gonadotropins, duration of ovarian stimulation, the number of oocyte retrieved, the number of embryo obtained, blastocyst transfer rate and pregnancy rate. Results:The control group was matched as closely as possible to the experimental group, including age, body mass index and menstrual cycle (all P>0.05). Compared to the women in control group, the women in ovarian endometriotic cystectomy sub-group had significantly higher levels of basal FSH and basal P, lower level of AMH (all P<0.05); the women in ovarian endometriotic cysts sub-group had significantly higher dose of gonadotropins (all P<0.05); the women in ovarian endometriotic cysts ≥5Y POST sub-group had significantly lower number of oocyte retrieved, lower number of embryo obtained, lower blastocyst transfer rate, and lower pregnancy rate (all P<0.05). Compared to the women in control group, the women in ovarian non-endometriotic cysts sub-group had a significantly higher level of basal FSH and basal P (all P<0.05). The women in ovarian non-endometriotic cysts sub-group had lower level of AMH, higher dose of gonadotropins, lower number of oocyte retrieved, lower number of embryo obtained, lower rate of blastocyst transfer and lower rate of pregnancy than the control group but there were no statistically significant differences among them (all P>0.05). The women with unilateral ovarian endometriotic cysts had significantly lower number of oocyte retrieved on the side of surgery than another side ( P<0.05). Conclusions:In short term laparoscopic ovarian cystectomy has no significant effect on ovarian reserve. But with long-term follow-up ovarian reserve, ovarian response to gonadotropin stimulation and pregnancy rate are decreased. The effect of laparoscopic ovarian cystectomy in benign cysts on ovarian is associated with whether or not it is the surgical side.

Ulcerative colitis(UC)is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease caused by many factors including colonic inflammation and microbiota dysbiosis.Previous studies have indicated that celastrol(CSR)has strong anti-inflammatory and immune-inhibitory effects.Here,we investigated the effects of CSR on colonic inflammation and mucosal immunity in an experimental colitis model,and addressed the mechanism by which CSR exerts the protective effects.We characterized the ther-apeutic effects and the potential mechanism of CSR on treating UC using histological staining,intestinal permeability assay,cytokine assay,flow cytometry,fecal microbiota transplantation(FMT),16S rRNA sequencing,untargeted metabolomics,and cell differentiation.CSR administra-tion significantly ameliorated the dextran sodium sulfate(DSS)-induced colitis in mice,which was evidenced by the recovered body weight and colon length as well as the decreased disease activity index(DAI)score and intestinal permeability.Meanwhile,CSR down-regulated the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and up-regulated the amount of anti-inflammatory mediators at both mRNA and protein levels,and improved the balances of Treg/Thl and Treg/Th1 7 to maintain the colonic immune homeostasis.Notably,all the therapeutic effects were exerted in a gut microbiota-dependent manner.Furthermore,CSR treatment increased the gut microbiota diversity and changed the compositions of the gut microbiota and metabolites,which is probably associated with the gut microbiota-mediated protective effects.In conclusion,this study provides the strong evidence that CSR may be a promising therapeutic drug for UC.

Objective:To study the epidemic and etiologic characteristics of influenza virus(Flu)and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infections in outpatient influenza-like illness(ILI)cases of children under 10 years of age in Gansu province in 2018 And to provide evidences for diagnosis, treatment, control and prevention of Flu and RSV infections in Gansu province.Methods:A total of 8 559 pharyngeal swab samples of ILI outpatients cases were tested with real-time fluorescent PCR to detect Flu, 3 436 of which were detected by RT-PCR for RSV.Results:Of the 8559 specimens, 934 (10.91%) samples were positive for Flu. Among them, 431 were positive for H1N1, 70 were positive for H3N2, 428 were positive for Flu B, 5 were mixed; 320 of the 3436 (9.31%, ) samples were positive for RSV. There were significant differences in the positive rates of Flu and RSV among 14 cities and prefectures ( χ2=56.99, χ2=263.34, Р< 0.01). Influenza reached its peak in January 2018 with a positive rate of 50.70%. Flu B/Yamagata strain (53.53%) and A H1N1 (39.93%) were prevalent simultaneously. The peak of RSV epidemic was from February to April, the positive rate was 13.98%. The RSV positive rate of children under 5 years of age was 10.11%, higher than that of children over 5 years of age was 6.94%. There was statistical significance ( χ2=7.67, Р<0.01). Conclusions:RSV and influenza viruses are the main pathogens in ILI cases of children under 10 years of age. There are epidemic peaks in winter and spring every year. It is suggested that the monitoring of RSV and the development and application of vaccine should be strengthened.

ObjectiveTo establish an educational intervention framework of electronic picture books for children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) based on Creative Problem Solving (CPS) model, and observe the effect on social function. MethodsElectronic picture books were designed using CPS model, including the program of reading, interactive animation design and associated artistic activities. From March to June, 2023, 24 children with mild to moderate ASD were recruited from Maanshan Institute of Special Education, and randomly assigned into experimental group 1 (CPS-based cognitive picture book interventions, n = 8), experimental group 2 (CPS-based social picture book interventions, n = 8) and control group (Bloom's Taxonomy-based picture book interventions, n = 8), and received the interventions for four weeks, with a total of twelve times. They were assessed with speech, social, perceptual and health behavior using Autism Treatment Evaluation Checklist (ATEC) before and after treatment, and the differences were calculated. ResultsThere was a significant difference among the groups in the social and perceptual scores differences (F > 4.344, P < 0.05) and a near-significant difference in the health behaviour score difference (F = 2.921, P = 0.076). Post Hoc test showed that the differences in social scores were higher in both experimental groups than in the control group (P < 0.05); the difference in perceptual scores was significantly higher in experimental group 1 than in experimental group 2 (P < 0.01), but there was no significant difference with the control group (P > 0.05); the difference in health behavior scores was higher in experimental group 2 than in the control (P < 0.05), and the difference in experimental group 1 was slightly higher than in the control group (P = 0.072). ConclusionElectronic picture book interventions based on the CPS model may be more effective in enhancing social, perceptual and health behavior in children with ASD, but there may be differences among models.