Objective: To optimize the technology and evaluate the influence of micronization on Olibanum physic-chemical characteristics and dissolution. Methods: The single factor test was employed to investigate the effect of the size and freezing time of common powder particle, the ratio of excipients, and grinding time on the yield of ultramicro powder; Additionally a comparative research between ultramicro powder and common powder was designed, including micromeritic properties (angle of repose, bulk density, tap density, and squeezing degree), effective components concentration [volatile oil, octyl acetate and 3-acetyl-11-keto-β-boswellic acid (AKBA)], and cumulative dissolution rate. Results: The optimal technology of ultramicro powder was as follows: the medicinal material was ground into fine powder, followed by 4 h freezing at -20℃ and 15 min superfine grinding with excipient and fine powder in ratio of 1:5; As the degree of smashing enhanced, the angle of repose of powders increased, bulk density and tap density decreased, and compressibility had a tendency of increase as flowability declined; The concentration of octyl acetate had an increased tendency and then decreased. While the concentration of octyl acetate in ultrafine powder prepared by optimal technology was the highest, the cumulative dissolution rate of AKBA in the ultramicro powder was higher than that in common powder. Conclusion: The application of optimal superfine pulverizing technique to Olibanum is feasible, and appropriate degree of micronization is helpful for the extraction and dissolution of effective components in Olibanum.

In view of the problem that there is no standard diagnosis for early stage keratoconus disease,at the same time to assist the special examiner and ophthalmologist to make the early diagnosis effectively,the advantages and disadvantages of each testing instrument were analyzed.In order to construct an assistant system for early diagnosis of keratoconus,a deep learning technique was applied in corneal OCT examination.The system used improved VGG-16 to realize the recognition accuracy of about 68% keratoconus keratopathy,and the clinical results showed that the system can help doctors to give diagnosis confidence to a certain extent.At the same time,the physician's re-marking of OCT can help train the system for more accurate judgment.
Corneal Topography ; Deep Learning ; Early Diagnosis ; Humans ; Keratoconus ; diagnostic imaging ; Tomography, Optical Coherence

OBJECTIVETo explore the relationship between gastric retention and full enteral feeding during the course of feeding in extremely low birth weight (ELBW, birth weight <1 000 g) infants.

METHODA total of 43 ELBW infants were fed with formula according to the strategy for premature infants feeding of Canadian Society of Neonatology. The information such as gastric retention, the time they finish full enteral feeding and sucking spontaneously and complication were recorded. These infants had transition to full enteral feeding step by step since initiating formula feeding on the second day of life. The volume of gastric retention and the duration of gastric retention was analyzed with the time of attaining full enteral feeding and sucking spontaneously by linear regression.

RESULTForty-one infants finished the course, the remaining 2 infants got necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) and were rescued by surgery. The incidence was 4.6%. In 18 infants full enteral feeding could not be initiated successfully on the second day of life, the incidence was 43.9%. The peak duration of gastric retention was the first week of feeding. The average time of attaining enteral feeding was (26.71 ± 12.24) days. The proportion of different residual contents was simlar, the major content was milky content after 3 weeks of feeding. The gastric retention time had a significant effect of on the time of attaining full enteral feeding (β = 1.045, P = 0.001) and sucking well (β = 0.787, P = 0.034) .

CONCLUSIONThe course of formula feeding ELBW infants to attaining full enteral feeding was a long period, in the early stage of formula feeding the occurrence of gastric retention was high; the amount of formula during the first week of feeding should be slowly increased as compared to the second week; the present strategy and aggressive strategy should be done 2 weeks later. The time of attaining full enteral feeding can be predicted by the duration of gastric retention.

Enteral Nutrition ; methods ; Enterocolitis, Necrotizing ; epidemiology ; Female ; Gestational Age ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant Formula ; Infant, Extremely Low Birth Weight ; growth & development ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature ; Infant, Premature, Diseases ; epidemiology ; Length of Stay ; Male ; Parenteral Nutrition ; Time Factors ; Weight Gain

Objective To investigate the treatment of acute obstructive colorectal cancer.Methods The clinical data of 26 cases with acute obstructive colorectal cancer were analysed retrospectively and relevant literatures were reviewed.Results Radical right hemicolectomy was performed in 9 patients with obstructive right colonic cancer.Among 17 patients with obstructive left colorectal cancer,one-stage radical resection was perfomed in 12 cases,including one-stage anastomosis in 4 cases and Hartmann's operation in 8 cases.Palliative colostomy was performed in 3 cases.Right hemicolectomy and sigmoid colon loop colostomy was performed in 1 case of rectum cancer with ascending colon strangulation.One case refused surgery.Two cases died of MODS and 1 case with inflammatory ileus recovering from conservative treatment after operation.In the course of disease,septic shock and MODS happened in 3 cases,lung infection in 5 cases,heart disease in 2 cases and Hypoalbuminemia in 16 cases.Conclusions One-stage radical colectomy and anastomosis should be performed in patients with obstructive right colonic cancer.In order to reduce toxin absorption and prevent the deterioration of disease,Bowel decompression and removal of inflammatory exudate should be performed in patients with obstructive left colorectal cancer according to the damage control theory.Then effective and safe operation should be chosen in accordance with patients' status.Anti-infection and nutrition support treatment must be strengthened after operation.

Several bioactive molecules isolated from the saliva of blood-sucking arthropods, such as mosquitoes, have been shown to exhibit potential anticoagulant function. We have previously identified a 30kDa allergen named Aegyptin-like protein (alALP), which is highly homologous to Aegyptin, from the salivary glands of female Aedes albopictus (Asian tiger mosquito). In this study, we identified the conserved functional domain of alALP by using bioinformatic tools, and expressed the His-tagged alALP recombinant protein in sf9 insect cells by generation and transfection of a baculoviral expression plasmid carrying the fulllength cDNA of alALP. We purified this recombinant protein and examined its function on the inhibition of blood coagulation. The results showed that the purified His-alALP prolonged the Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (APTT), Prothrombin Time (PT) and Thrombin Time (TT) in vitro as well as the Bleeding Time (BT) in vivo, which suggest that alALP could be a novel anticoagulant.

Background: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been extensively studied over the decades and have been identified as potential molecular targets for cancer therapy. To date, many miRNAs have been found participating in the tumorigenesis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The present study was designed to evaluate the functions of miR-125b-1-3p in NSCLC cells. Methods: MiR-125b-1-3p expression was detected in tissue samples from 21 NSCLC patients and in NSCLC cell lines using the real-time polymerase chain reaction. A549 cell lines were transfected with a miR-125b-1-3p mimic or miR-125b-1-3p antisense. Cell counting kit-8, wound healing, Matrigel invasion assays, and flow cytometry were used to assess the effects of these transfections on cell growth, migration, invasion, and apoptosis, respectively. Western blotting was used to detect apoptosis-related proteins, expression of S1PR1, and the phosphorylation status of STAT3. Significant differences between groups were estimated using Student's t-test or a one-way analysis of variance. Results: MiR-125b-1-3p was downregulated in NSCLC samples and cell lines. Overexpression of miR-125b-1-3p inhibited NSCLC cell proliferation (37.8 ± 9.1%, t = 3.191, P = 0.013), migration (42.3 ± 6.7%, t = 6.321, P = 0.003), and invasion (57.6 ± 11.3%, t = 4.112, P = 0.001) and simultaneously induced more NSCLC cell apoptosis (2.76 ± 0.78 folds, t = 3.772, P = 0.001). MiR-125b-1-3p antisense resulted in completely opposite results. S1PR1 was found as the target gene of miR-125b-1-3p. Overexpression of miR-125b-1-3p inhibited S1PR1 protein expression (27.4 ± 6.1% of control, t = 4.083, P = 0.007). In addition, S1PR1 siRNA decreased STAT3 phosphorylation (16.4 ± 0.14% of control, t = 3.023, P = 0.015), as in cells overexpressing miR-125b-1-3p (16.7 ± 0.17% of control, t = 4.162, P = 0.026). Conclusion Our results suggest that miR-125b-1-3p exerts antitumor functions in NSCLC cells by targeting S1PR1.
Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung ; metabolism ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Movement ; Cell Proliferation ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; metabolism ; Male ; MicroRNAs ; physiology ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Invasiveness

OBJECTIVETo analyze the relationship between expressions of caveolin-1 and prognosis in bladder transitional cell carcinoma (BTCC).

METHODSThe expression of caveolin-1 was detected in 85 cases of BTCC. 64 cases of primary BTCC were followed-up after operation. The tumor-free survival time in recurrent BTCC patients was observed.

RESULTSThe positive expression rates of caveolin-1 in primary and recurrent BTCC were 32.8% and 61.9%, respectively, with a significant difference (P < 0.05). There was a significant difference (P < 0.05) between the tumor-free survival times in the groups with positive and negative expressions of caveolin-1. The half-, 1-, 2- and 3-year tumor-free survival rates in the group with positive expression of caveolin-1 were 90.4%, 80.9%, 66.3% and 56.1%, respectively. The half-, 1-, 2-, and 3-year tumor-free survival rates in the group with negative expression of caveolin-1 were 97.7%, 95.4%, 81.4% and 79.0%, respectively. The tumor-free survival rate in the group with positive expression of caveolin-1 was significantly lower than that in the group with negative expression of caveolin-1 (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONPositive expression of caveolin-1 in BTCC can be regarded as a high risk factor of recurrence of BTCC. Positive expression of caveolin-1 in BTCC is correlated with the prognosis of BTCC, and BTCC patients with positive expression of caveolin-1 should be followed-up after operation.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Carcinoma, Transitional Cell ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Caveolin 1 ; metabolism ; Cystectomy ; methods ; Disease-Free Survival ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; metabolism ; pathology ; Risk Factors ; Survival Rate ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery

OBJECTIVETo study the expression of DJ-1 in human hepatocellular carcinoma and its relationship with tumor invasion and metastasis.

METHODSReverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and immunohistochemical methods were used to detect the expression of DJ-1 mRNA and protein in tumor tissue and para-tumor tissue of 46 cases of hepatocellular carcinoma. The relationship between the expression of DJ-1 and clinicopathologic parameters was analyzed.

RESULTSDJ-1 mRNA and protein were expressed in 69.6% and 58.7% of the tumor tissues, which were significantly higher than those in para-tumor tissues (39.1% and 34.8%), chi2 = 8.587, P < 0.05. The increased expression of DJ-1 protein was not correlated with sex of patients, size of tumor, AFP, HBsAg, differentiation level of tumor and hepatocirrhosis (P > 0.05), but with the capsula of tumor, thrombus in the portal vein (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSDJ-1 gene expression may play an important role in the invasion and metastasis of HCC.

Biomarkers, Tumor ; genetics ; metabolism ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Liver Neoplasms ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Oncogene Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Protein Deglycase DJ-1 ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; metabolism ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction

OBJECTIVETo investigate the feasibility and therapeutic effect of free posterior interrosseous artery flap in a bridge fashion for combined skin and bilateral artery defects at palmar side of fingers.

METHODS6 cases with combined skin and bilateral artery defects at palmar side of fingers were treated with long-pedicled free posterior interrosseous artery flap in a bridge fashion. The flap size ranged from 3.5 cm x 2.0 cm to 6.5 em x 3.0 cm. The wounds at donor sites were closed directly.

RESULTSAll the 6 flaps survived completely without any complication, and the wounds healed primarily. The blood supply and vein drainage in all the 6 fingers were normal. 4 cases were followed up for 1-12 months (average, 7 months). Satisfactory cosmetic and functional results were achieved. The flaps looked a little bit thicker than the surrounding tissue.

CONCLUSIONSThe long-pedicled free posterior interrosseous artery flap in a bridge fashion is a good option for reconstruction of the combined skin and bilateral artery defects at palmar side of fingers in one stage.

Arteries ; Feasibility Studies ; Fingers ; blood supply ; surgery ; Free Tissue Flaps ; blood supply ; transplantation ; Humans ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; Surgical Flaps ; blood supply ; transplantation ; Transplant Donor Site ; surgery ; Veins

OBJECTIVEThe study aimed to review the treatment and prognosis of acute obstruction of colorectal cancers and to compare different treatment strategies of those cancers, and to evaluate the risk factors affecting perioperative complications.

METHODSClinical data of 184 patients with acute obstruction of colorectal cancer undergone operation were analyzed retrospectively.

RESULTSA total of 184 patients with acute obstruction of colorectal cancer was collected in this study, including 58 patients with proximal and 126 patients of distal colorectal cancers. Perioperative death occurred in 2/58 patients (3.4%) with distal colorectal cancer and 6/126 cases (4.8%) of distal colorectal cancer (P > 0.05). The overall perioperative complications in the two groups were not significantly different (P = 0.794). Among the 58 patients with proximal colorectal cancer, one patient underwent colostomy, but among the 126 patients with distal colorectal cancer, 41 patients underwent colostomy, showing a significant difference between the two groups (P = 0.002). ASA scores (grade 3 - 4), elderly age (≥ 70 years) and colon perforation peritonitis were independent prognostic factors associated with perioperative mortality and morbidity. Patients in the self-expandable metallic stent (SEMS) group had a significantly shorter hospital stay (25.4 ± 8.3) d than that in the emergency surgery group (32.8 ± 16.4) d, (P = 0.039).

CONCLUSIONSEndoscopic stent implantation provides an acceptable modality of palliation for acute proximal large bowel obstruction caused by malignancies. In acute colorectal cancer obstruction, SEMS can provide a minimally invasive management compared with surgical intervention.

Acute Disease ; Adult ; Age Factors ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; complications ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Colostomy ; Endoscopy ; Female ; Humans ; Intestinal Obstruction ; etiology ; therapy ; Intestinal Perforation ; etiology ; Intraoperative Complications ; Length of Stay ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Palliative Care ; methods ; Peritonitis ; etiology ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Stents ; Young Adult