Objective:To investigate the influence of repeated stain firing on the translucency and the color of all-ceramic CAD/CAM restorations.Methods:16 all-ceramic sample disks, including 8 of A1C and 8 of A3C in the size of 15 mm?10 mm?1 mm were fabricated and fired for 5 times. Color was measured before and after stain firing using a colorimeter.Translucency was evaluated by determining the contrast ratio(CR), and changes in color were evaluated by determining color difference △E*ab,hue angle h_ ab *,chroma C_ ab and brightness L*.Results:The translucency of A3C was greater than that of A1C.More than 4 time firing increased CR value of both A1C and A3C samples(P

Objective To explore the changes of indicators for total parenteral nutrition (TPN) and parenteral nutrition (PN) combining enteral nutrition (EN) support in patients with severe acute pancreatitis (SAP), and to analyze the treatment effects of two groups. Methods 29 patients with SAP were randomly divided into two groups: TPN group (n=14) and PN+EN group (n=15). Nonoperative treatment were applied to the two groups. The changes of indicators and therapeutic outcome of two groups were recorded after nutrition support 14 days. Results After 14 days nutritional support, serum albumin (ALB), total serum protein (TSP), blood calcium, glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (ALT), glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (AST) in each group increased significantly (P<0.05). While blood glucose, serum amylase, leucocyte count decreased significantly (P<0.05). However, there were no significant difference between two groups except leucocyte count in all laboratory tests. The leucocyte count in the PN+EN group was significantly lower than that in the TPN group (P<0.05). In both group there was no difference found in serum total bilirubin (TB) before and after nutrition support (P>0.05). The APACHE II scores, average hospital days, average hospital charges, incidence of infection and mortality rate in the PN+EN group were significantly lower than that in the TPN group (P<0.05). ConclusionsPN combining EN support was superior to TPN in the treatment of patients with SAP.

Objective The normothermic isolated contracting rat heart model was used to investigate the mechanism of protective effect of propofol on left ventricular function and myocardial metabolism against ischemia-reperfusion injury by determination of the catecholamme concentration in the coronary outflow. Methods forty healthy male SD rats weighing 310-450 g were randomly divided into 4 groups of each 10 animals: control group, propofol 10?mol/L (P10), 50?mol/L (P50) and 100?mol/L (P100). The animal were sacrificed by knock-out and the heart was immediately removed. The aorta was connected to a Larigendorff apparatus and retrogradely perfused with oxygenated (95% O, and 5% CO2) Krebs-Henseleit buffer (KHB) for 5 min. Then the left ventricle was perfused through a cannula inserted in pulmonary vein at a constant pressure of 12.5 cm H2O (preload). The pressure at aorta outflow was 90 cm H2O (afterload). Different concentrations of propofol in KHB were prepared. Global ischemia of the heart was induced by suspension of perfusion for 25 min followed by 30 min reperfusion. Coronary flow (CF), aortic flow (AF), cardiac output (CO = AF + CF), HR, left ventricular peak systolic pressure (LVPSP), left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP), left ventricular developed pressure (LVDP = LVPSP-LVEDP) and the product of LVDP and HR were measured and recorded 5 min and immediately before ischemia and 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 min following reperfusion. Coronary outflow was collected for determination of creatine kinase (CK) and catecholamine ( epinephrine, norepinephrine and dopamine) concentrations.Results Before ischemia CF was significantly higher and CO, HR, LVPSP and LVDP ? HR were significantly lower in the 3 propofol groups in comparison with the controls. During reperfusion CF, CO, HR, LVPSP and LVEDP recovered much better in the propofol groups than those in control group. In group P50 LVDP ? HR reached 88.7% of the pre-ischemic value while in control group only 56.3% . The CK and catecholamine concentrations were not significantly different among the 4 groups before ischemia. During reperfusion CK, epinephrine and noeepinepherine concentrations were significantly lower in propofol groups than in control group (P

Objective To investigate the way off-farm workers show bias on their own group ,rural residents and urban citizens .Method The participants were 78 off-farm workers from 18 to 25 years of age ;The scales and the modified affective priming paradigm were adopted to measure their explicit and implicit attitudes respectively on these groups through recording the participants' reaction on computer .Results (1)The order of three groups sorted by implicit scores in condition of group-relevant words as primes from high to low was urban citizens ,off-farm workers ,rural residents(0.169±0.217,-0.016±0.116,-1.209±1.686 respectively),but the order of explicit scores were reverse(0.7920±1.461,0.4469±1.514,07920±1.461 respectively),and both the difference between the implicit scores and the difference between explicit scores were very significant(between the implicit scores of group bias on off-farm workers and urban citizens:t=7.165,P＜0.01,and on rural residents:t=6.038,P＜0.01;between the explicit scores of group bias on off-farm workers and rural residents:t=9.666,P＜0.01,and on off-farm workers and urban citizens:t=7.828,P＜0.01).(2)The scale scores of group identify ,collective self-esteem and self-esteem were significantly related to the scale scores of group .bias on the off-farm workers and rural residents but not other scores(P＜0.01,P＜0.01,P＜0.05 respectively).Conclusion Although off-farm workers evaluated their own group and rural residents more positively than urban citizens in the obviously way ,they accepted the superiority of urban citizens .implicitly ,and the explicit group-bias was relative to self-esteem ,collective self-esteem and group identify.

Objective To investigate the mechanism of inhibitor of calpain on hyperglycemia-induced apoptosis in cultured rat cardiomyocyte.Methods Cardiomyocytes were randomly divided into three groups (control,high glucose,and ALLN).MTT assay was used to detect the viability of cultured cardiomyocytes.Laser confocal microscopy was used to observe the mitochondrial permeable transition and membrane potential.The change of Caspase-3 activity in cardiomyocytes was detected by western blot.Results MTT assay showed that,after 72 h of hyperglycemia,the viability of cardiomyocytes was significantly declined (55％ ± 11％),and the viability in the ALLN pretreatment group was (70％ ± 15％) (P ＜0.05).After hyperglycemia,the mitochondrial permeable transition of cardiomyocyte was increased (30％ ± 15％ vs 60％ ± 11％,P ＜0.05),and membrane potential was declined.Hyperglycemia could increase the expression of cleaved capsase-3,while with pretreatment of ALLN the expression of cleaved caspase-3 was downregulation(0.42 ± 0.11 vs 0.21 ±0.12,P ＜0.05).Conclusions The calpain inhibitor can protect cardiomyocytes from apoptosis under the high glucose condition.

Objective To prepare monoclonal antibody against Prostate Stem Cell Antigen(PSCA) and explore the inhibitory effects of Anti-PSCA mAb in treatments of human prostate cancer xenografts in mice. Methods Balb/c mice were immunized by PC-3 cell line. After fusing and screening, the anti-PSCA McAb’s characterizations were determined. Solid tumors in mice were produced by subcutaneous injection with PC-3 cells in the flanks of the mice.We picked out 10 mice bearing human prostate cancer xenografts.They were divided into a treatment group (n_1=5) and a control group (n_2=5).200 ?g Anti-PSCA mAb was injected into abdominal cavity of each mouse of the treatment group and PBS for them of the control group.Anti-PSCA mAb and PBS were administered once every three days for consecutive three times.The mice survival conditions of two groups were recorded during 5 weeks.The serum PSA, the tumor weights and dimensions of survived mice were measured.The tumor volume inhibition rate was calculated. T-test was performed to compare differences of PSA in serum,tumor weights and volumes between the treatment and control groups.Routine pathological slides of tumor tissue were observed under light microscope to evaluate the range of tumor tissues damaged by Anti-PSCA mAb. Ultrastructure was observed with transmission electron microscope. Results A marine McAb was produced, which raised against PSCA,belonged to IgG1 subclass. The average PSA serum level of the two groups were(3.28?0.55)ng/ml and(7.26?0.43)ng/ml.The weights of tumors of the two groups were(0.95?0.17)g and(3.08?0.18)g.The volumes of them were(164.59?14.08)mm3 and(548.49?19.79)mm3.There are remarkable differences between the treatment group and the control group(P

Objective To investigate the relationship between type D personality and post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms in survivors after the Zhouqu debris flow disaster.Methods In tatal,213 residents randomly sampled from the Zhouqu debris flow area were assessed one year after disaster.Questionnaires included the posttraumatic stress disorder check list-specific version(PCL-S) and type D personality scale(DS14).Results The prevalence of Type D in the post-disaster sample was 51.17％ accessed by the DS14,compared with 31.1％ prevalence in chinese college students.PTSD symptoms in survivors with type D were significantly severer than those without type D.Initial traumatic feeling,economic loss and negative affectivity were significant predictors of PTSD symptoms in survivors with type D.Conclusion Type D personality is positivel correlated with PTSD and may be a vulnerability factor for PTSD symptoms.

BACKGROUND: Up to now, no universally successful therapy to treat substantial articular cartilage defects has been available. Numerous therapeutic approaches can only improve clinical symptoms of joint lesions, but not stimulate the regenerative and reactive capacity of the biological tissue in the defect, and not restore an articular surface capable of functional load bearing.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the curative effects of homograft of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) seeded onto cancellous demineralized bone matrix (DBM) on articular cartilage defects.DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: A randomized controlled study which conducted in Orthopaedics Institute, the Second Hospital of Lanzhou University from January to March 2005 and Central Laboratory of Guilin Medical Collage from May to August 2008.MATERIALS: Bone metaphysis and vertebral cancellous bone were derived from rabbits to prepare DBM materials. MSCs were seed on DBM stent and cultured in vitro. All 36 rabbits were randomly divided into combination group (DBM/MSCs), DBM alone group, and blank control group, with 12 rabbits per group.METHODS: Full-thickness cartilage defect model of knee joint was frilled using a cylinder of 4 mm diameter and 3 mm thickness on intercondylar fossa. The cartilage defects in the intercondylar fossa were filled with MSCs/DBM in combination group A, with only DBM in the DBM group, and nothing was treated in the blank control group.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Four rabbits were killed at three time points, which were 4, 8 and 12 weeks after the operation in each group, and the reparative tissue samples were evaluated grossly, histologically, immunohistochemically and graded according to gross and histological scale.RESULTS: Tirty-six rabbits were included in the final analysis. The defects of MSCs/DBM transplantation were repaired by byline-like tissue, and the other defects were repaired by fibrous tissue. Gross and histological grading scale was made on 12 weeks postoperatively. Gross and histological scores in the MSCs/DBM group were significantly lower than DBM group and control group (P<0.05); while, the scores in the DBM group was significantly lower than control group (P<0.05).CONCLUSION: The full-thickness cartilage defects of rabbits were repaired with homograft of mesenchymal stem cells seeded onto cancellous demineralized bone matrix, which is a promising way for the treatment of cartilage defects.

Objective To investigate the detecting ability of single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and CT in skull base invasion in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Methods Sixty three patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma were examined by whole body and skull base SPECT and CT of nasopharynx and skull base before radiotherapy. The results were double blind compared and evaluated. Results The overall positive rates of skull base invasion detected by SPECT and CT were 63.5% and 25.4%. In patients with headache, cranial nerve palsy and both, they were 87.9%,93.3%,92.3% and 42.4%,46.7%,46.2%. In patients with T 1+T 2 and T 3+T 4 lesions, they were 37.5%,90.3% and 0.0%,51.6%. In patients with N 0+N 1 and N 2+N 3 lesions, they were 63.9% ,63.0% and 19.4%,33.3%. The positive rates of SPECT were higher than those of CT (McNemar Test, P