The design method of individual brace for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) was proposed and its correction effect was investigated. Based on the 3D CT scanned data of a scoliosis patient, an accurate finite element model, which included thorax, lumbus, sacrum and pelvis, was developed; the construction of individual scoliosis brace was based on the T-L-S-P FE model, and the correction effects of three different strap tensions were investigated. The results showed that the individual brace treatment had better correction effect than did other braces in coronal plane, and it had no inverse effect on sagittal plane. The forces generated by the strap tensions are in agreement with results of the experiment reported in literature. The research provides an available method for the design of individual brace, which could help improve the effectiveness for correction of idiopathic scoliosis.
Adolescent ; Biomechanical Phenomena ; Braces ; Finite Element Analysis ; Humans ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional ; Male ; Scoliosis ; diagnostic imaging ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Spine ; diagnostic imaging ; physiopathology ; Stress, Mechanical ; Therapy, Computer-Assisted ; methods ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

A hybrid method based on optimization and force-EMG relationships for predicting muscle force was presented and applied to the flexion movement of upper limb. The results were compared with those from classical optimization and from the method based on force-EMG relationships. The classical optimization can not predict the force of antagonistic muscles. The method based on force-EMG relationships can not satisfy the mechanical equilibrium. The hybrid method overcomes the two disadvantages, but the forces predicted by it fluctuate excessively. Now the hybrid method is just appropriate for use in predicting isometric and isokinetic movements.
Algorithms ; Electromyography ; methods ; Forecasting ; Humans ; Isometric Contraction ; physiology ; Models, Biological ; Muscle Contraction ; physiology ; Muscle, Skeletal ; physiology ; Physical Exertion ; physiology ; Stress, Mechanical

Finding the position of caput femoris center by exact and fast method is a key technique in total knee replacement navigation surgery. A method for finding the position of caput femoris center is described in this paper. The main idea is abstracting this problem to a geometrical model in which the center of a sphere can be easily worked out with a few known spherical points. Experiments show that the method is feasible and the precision satisfies the requirements of navigation surgery.
Algorithms ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee ; instrumentation ; methods ; Biomechanical Phenomena ; Computer Simulation ; Humans ; Models, Biological ; Surgery, Computer-Assisted ; instrumentation ; methods

At present, doctors discuss the situation of scoliosis patients mainly through their x-ray photograph. Because of the complexity of human spine structure, it is very difficult for doctors to plan & simulate operation or instruct design of scoliosis bracket only through the x-ray photograph of patient. In this paper, the technology of forming an STL file from CT data was introduced. The solid model of a scoliosis patient was reconstructed and transferred to RPM system. A human scoliosis model with all spine anatomical structure was manufactured using laminated object manufacturing (LOM). It has important clinical value for doctors to plan & simulate operation, and it is significant for the development of integration of medicine and engineering.
Computer Graphics ; Computer Simulation ; Computer-Aided Design ; Humans ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional ; Models, Anatomic ; Scoliosis ; diagnostic imaging ; surgery ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Objective: To explore experience of wound treatment of extremely severe mass burn patients involved in August 2nd Kunshan factory aluminum dust explosion accident. Methods: On August 2nd, 2014, 98 extremely severe burn mass patients involved in August 2nd Kunshan factory aluminum dust explosion accident were admitted to 20 hospitals in China. The patients with complete medical record were enrolled in the study and divided into microskin graft group with 56 patients and Meek skin graft group with 42 patients. Split-thickness skin in area of residual skin were resected to repair wounds of patients in microskin graft group and Meek skin graft group by microskin grafting and Meek miniature skin grafting, respectively. The residual wound size on 28 days post injury and wound infection after skin grafting of patients in the two groups, and position of donor site of all patients were retrospectively analyzed. Data were processed with t test and chi-square test. Results: The size of residual wound of patients in Meek skin graft group on 28 days post injury was (59±13)% total body surface area (TBSA), which was obviously smaller than that in microskin graft group [(70±14)%TBSA, t=4.379, P<0.05]. Twenty-nine patients in microskin graft group and 11 patients in Meek skin graft group suffered from obvious wound infection after skin grafting. Wounds of patients in two groups were repaired with residual skin around wound in head, trunk, groin, armpit, and uncommon donor sites of scrotum (4 patients), vola (10 patients), and toe or finger web (8 patients). Conclusions Meek skin graft is the first choice for wound repair of extremely severe burn mass patients, with faster wound healing, less wound infection. Uncommon donor sites of scrotum, vola, and toe or finger web can also be used for wound repair in case of lack of skin.