Objective To study the relationship of levels of acetylcholine receptor antibody (AChRAb) and thyroid antibodies in patients with myasthenia gravis (MG) and thyroidism. Methods Thyroid function of FT3, FT4 and TSH, and thyroid antibodies including TSH receptor antibody ( TRAb), thyroid globulin antibody (TGAb) and thyroid microsome antibody (TMAb) were detected in 100 patients with MG and 100 healthy controls. Among them, 32 patients were further tested for AChRAb. The relationship between AChRAb and each of TRAb, TGAb and TMAb was analyzed along with their relevant clinical characteristics. Results Of 100 patients with MG, 12 cases ( 12% ) were hyperthyroidism and 4 cases (4%) were hypothyroidism, and 71 cases (71%) were thyroid antibodies positive. The percent of thyroid antibodies positive cases was significantly higher than that of thyroidism cases (χ2=4. 788, P < 0. 05 ). Analysis on AChRAb and TRAb in 32 AChRAb tested cases demonstrated a linear correlation (r= 0. 609, P = 0. 0002). Conclusions The incidence of thyroid antibody positive in MG cases is significantly higher than incidence of hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism in MG. AChRAb and TRAb has a linear correlation.

OBJECTIVE:To observe the effect of Alprostadil in reducing24-hour-output of urinary albumin in diabetic patients with cerebral infarction.METHODS:56cases of diabetic patients with cerebral infaraction were randomly divided into treatment group(30cases)and control group(26cases);the control group were given the routine treatment,i.e.compound Danshen and Shengmai,for the treatment group,besides the routine treatment as stated in the control group,were given20?g Alprostadil that dispensed in100ml normal saline(NS)by intravenous drip,qd,for15days and then evaluated ef?fect.RESULTS:The therapeutic effect of the treatment group is better than that of the control group.Compared with that before treatment and that of the control group after treatment,the treatment group showed a lower level of24-hour-output of urinary albumin after treatment(P

An adult patient with hypophosphatasia caused by compound heterozygous mutations in alkaline phosphatase,liver /bone /kidney(ALPL)gene was investigated through comprehensively reviewing the medical history and clinical records of the proband and her family members in order to better understand the disease.The proband and her older sister had mild decreased serum alkaline phosphatase level accompanied with frequently nontraumatic fractures at limbs and all the teeth fell off at the age of 20 and 7, respectively.Both of them carried a missense mutation c.407G>A(p.Arg136His)in exon 5 and a deletion mutation c.1318_1320delAAC(p.Asn440del)in exon 12 simultaneously.Other four family members were p.Arg136His mutation carriers and two members were p.Asn440del mutation carriers.We found that p.Asn440del mutation was associated with the oral disorders.In this family, compound heterozygous manifested more serious symptoms, while heterozygous showed relatively mild symptoms.In addition, it is necessary to differentiate it from primary osteoporosis and other diseases of disturbed bone mineralization.

Objective To evaluate the clinical characterization and therapy efficacy on early epilepsy patients after viral encephalitis.Methods To analyze eighty-two early epilepsy patients after viral encephalitis about their onset of illness age,epileptic type,infarction locus and therapy efficacy.Results Early epilepsy patients after viral encephalitis patient's condition and incidence is associated with severity of viral encephalitis and complication.Conclusion To ef- fectively control the patient's condition of viral encephalitis and complication is associated with onset of epilepsy.

Three kinds of fortified biscuits and bread were given as breakfast for 5 months to 106 preschool children 4-6 years old lodged in a kindergarten, with a control group taking common biscuits and bread without fortification. 6 g protein and 160 kcal were supplied by 50 g of fortifed foods in which 0.25 g lysine, 0.25 g lysine and 0.8 mg riboflavin, and cod liver oil and calcium in addition to lysine and riboflavin were fortified respectively. The results showed that a diet with intake of 2.1 g protein and 71 kcal/kg body weight fortified on the average by 228 mg lysine or 228 mg lysine and 1.1 mg riboflavin increased the monthly increment of body weights, heights, and urinary excretions of creatinine per day. There was also a tendency of improvement, in nitrogen retention. The urinary excretion of riboflavin in load test was increased in the group taking the second kind of fortified foods.

Objective To investigate the risk factors for osteoporosis (OP) in aged people at Beicai Town in Shanghai, to provide proofs for preventing OP. Methods Questionnaire survey was carried out on bone density in 608 aged people (aged from 60 to 79 years) who were randomly chosen from 4 resident committees of Beicai Town in Shanghai. Everyone underwent bone mineral density (BMD) assay of lumbar spine and total hip by DEXA machine. Results The rate of OP was 23 % in male group, and 61% in female group. It was 40% in 60-64 years old group, 44% in 65-69 years old group, 53% in 70-74 years old group and 66% in 75-79 years old group. The rate of OP was 52% in manual work group, and 42 % in non-manual work group. In males, it was 54 % in current weight less than 60 kg group, 19% in 60-70 kg group, 15% in 70-80 kg group and 23% in over 80 kg group. In females, it was 76% in current weight less than 50 kg group, 67% in 50-60 kg group, 63% in 60-70kg group, 30% in over 70 kg group. It was 56% in low body weight group, 41% in normal weight group and 58% in over weight group in their 25-year-old. It was 61% in normal body weight group, 43% in overweight group. It was 41% in non-fracture history group, 67% in once fracture group,74% in fracture history more than twice group. It was 60% in mother humpback history group, and 47% in no history of mother humpback group. Logistic regression analysis showed that gender, age,history of fracture, mother's humpbacked history, disease of internal secretion and metabolism system were the risk factors for OP. Conclusions The occurrence of OP is related with many factors in aged people at Beicai Town in Shanghai, especially for the aged women, who suffer from diseases of internal secretion and metabolism, and has the history of fracture and mother's humpbacked, the attention should be payed to the prevention and treatment of OP.

Objective To study the correlation between coagulation factor Ⅴ Leiden mutation and ischemic stroke in Chinese young adults. Methods From July 2016 to January 2018, 80 young patients with ischemic stroke (18-45 years) admitted to the Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College and 80 controls were enrolled prospectively. The demographic data, vascular risk factors were documented. Sanger sequencing was used to detect factor Ⅴ Leiden mutation. Results The 1691 sites of factor Ⅴ genes in the case group and control group were all wild types. Multivariate logistic regression analysis suggested that hypertension ( odds ratio [ OR ] 4. 308, 95％ confidence interval [CI] 3. 321-5. 067; P = 0. 001), hyperlipidemia (OR 2. 734, 95％ CI 2. 214-3. 378; P = 0. 005), and smoking (OR 5. 293, 95％ CI 3. 003-6. 180; P = 0. 010) were the independent risk factors for ischemic stroke in young adults, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (OR 0. 611, 95％ CI 0. 457-0. 709; P = 0. 027) was its independent protective factor. Conclusion Factor Ⅴ Leiden mutation is not associated with ischemic stroke in Chinese young adults. Hypertension, dyslipidemia and smoking are still the main risk factors for ischemic stroke in young adults.

Objective Proteus syndrome is a rare disease. The aim of the present study was to analyze the clinical characteristics and gene mutations of Proteus syndrome with a case report and relevant literature review. Methods Clinical data of the patient with Proteus syndrome were collected in detail and biochemical measurements and radiological examinations were conducted. Tissues from phalanges with lesions were obtained to extract DNA, and Sanger sequencing of AKT1 gene was carried on. The pathogenic mutation was further tested in peripheral blood samples of the patient, his parents and 250 healthy volunteers. Orthopaedic surgery was performed on the affected limbs of the patient. Results The patient was presented with progressive overgrowth of the right extremity, scoliosis, cerebral connective tissue nevus and lower extremity venous. A heterozygous mutation of AKT1 gene (c. 49G>A) was identified in DNA extracted from the affected bone tissue of the patient, but not be found in genomic DNA of peripheral blood samples from the patient, his parents and 250 healthy volunteers. Movement function of the affected limb improved significantly after the operations. Conclusions The prominent features of Proteus syndrome are overgrowth of one extremity and cerebral connective tissue nevus. A mosaic somatic mutation of AKT1 gene is one of the pathogenic mutations for Proteus syndrome, and orthopedic surgery may be a good way to improve symptoms of the disease.

MicroRNA is a class of short-chain non-coding RNA that regulates gene expression at post-transcriptional level.It can participate in the pathophysiology processes of tumor regulation,neurodegenerative disease,and cardiovascular disease.Recent studies have shown that microRNA can play a reguhtory role in ischemic brain damage through autophagy.This article reviews the effect of microRNA on autophagy after cerebral ischamia and its possible mechanisms.

Objective: To explore the effect of a phased rehabilitation training programme to relieve shoulder dysfunction in patients after neck dissection and to provide effective solutions for postoperative shoulder joint function recovery of patients Methods: This study has been reviewed and approved by the Ethics Committee, and informed consent has been obtained from patients. A phased rehabilitaiton training programme for the shoulder after neck dessection was developed through literature review and discussion, and 70 eligible patients from Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University from December 2020 to April 2021 were selected and randomly divided into the test group and control group (35 patients in each group). The control group underwent motor rehabilitation training from 6 weeks postoperative to 1 year after surgery, such as shoulder mobility and coordination training and small range of motion training of the neck, while the test group took part in a rehabilitation training program that included familiarization maneuver training, protective rehabilitation, exercise rehabilitation, and resistance training in the following four stages: preoperative, postoperative general anesthesia and awake until the removal of stitches, the removal of stitches until 6 weeks after surgery, and 6 weeks after surgery until 1 year after surgery. The frequency of training in both groups was at least 3 days per week, and the length of each training session was 10-15 min. The intensity of exercise was 2-3 points on the Borg Conscious Exercise Intensity Scale (i.e., mild-to-moderate tachypnea or fatigue). The neck dissection injury index (NDII) was used to evaluate the quality of life related to shoulder joint function at four time points: preoperative, postoperative 3 months, postoperative 6 months, and postoperative 12 months. The higher the score, the better the quality of life. Results: 28 cases in the test group and 32 cases in the control group completed a one-year follow-up. At 3 and 6 months postoperative, the NDII of the test group was significantly higher than that of the control group [3 months postoperative: test group (93.48 ± 9.36) vs. control group (80.00 ± 11.34) (P<0.001), 6 months postoperative: test group (98.21 ± 4.76) vs. control group (90.70 ± 9.12) (P<0.001)]; 12 months after surgery, the NDII of the test group (97.23 ± 4.88) was still higher than that of the control group (96.33 ± 4.49), but the difference was not statistically significant (P = 0.458). The difference in NDII scores among subjects at 3, 6, and 12 months after surgery was statistically significant in each group (P<0.001). Conclusion The application of the phased rehabilitation training method in neck dissection patients has a feasibility and could improve the quality of life of patients' shoulder joint function within 6 months after surgery.