Objective To study the effects of aminoguanidine (AG), a selective inhibitor of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) on the pathological changes of liver tissues and ultrastructural changes of liver cells in rodent model of endotoxic shock. Methods Twenty-four male Wistar rats were randomly divided into normal control group,lipopolysaccharide (LPS) control group and AG treatment group, each group had 8 rats. Rats were challenged by E.coli LPS to set up the model of endotoxic shock, AG group were treated by aminoguanidine. The pathological and ultrastructural changes of liver tissues and plasma NO contents of three groups were observed and compared. Results Light microscopy revealed that many tiny abscesses scattered in liver tissue in LPS group, accompanied by necrosis of liver cells and neutrophils infiltration, while liver injuries of AG group were much slighter than that in LPS group. Electron microscopy revealed that there were dissolved plaques in hepatocyte nuclears, swelling of mitochondria, decreasing in number of mitochondrial ridges, while AG play a protective role to nuclears and mitochondria of hepatocytes. The plasma NO levels of LPS control group were higher than that of normal control group, and plasma NO levels decreased significantly after AG treatment, but still higher than that of normal control group. Conclusion Aminoguanidine selectively inhibits iNOS activity and prevents the overproduction of NO induced by iNOS, thus attenuates the damages of liver structure induced by NO. This method has potential value in clinical application, which deserves more deep research.

OBJECTIVE:To establish a mercury-free perchloric acid potentiometric titration method for the content determination of rocuronium bromide.METHODS:Mettler DG113-SC was used as the composite electrode.The potentiometric titration was performed with glacial acetic acid and acetic anhydride as solvents and perchloric acid(0.1 mol?L-1) as titration.The method was compared with that stated in European Pharmacopeia.RESULTS:The linear range of rocuronium bromide was 0.150 1～0.401 3 g(r=0.999 9) with an average recovery within 99.90%～99.98%.The detection limit was 1.71 mg.There was no difference between results detected by two methods.CONCLUSION:The method is simple,sensitive and accurate for the content determination of rocuronium bromide.

This study was aimed to establish a separation method for neochlorogenic acid reference substances from Lonicera japonica. Refined neochlorogenic acid inL. japonica water extract was separated and concentrated by HPD200A macroporous resin, which was isolated and purified by medium-low-pressure preparative chromatography and determined by HPLC. The structure was identified by various spectroscopic data including ESI-MS,1H-NMR and13C-NMR. The results showed that the optimal purification technology conditions were as follows: washed with 5BV of water, collected elution, concentration, drying; neochlorogenic acid crude products were eluted with acetonitrile-0.5% formic acid solution (10:90) with the flow rate of 20 mL·min-1; and the detection wavelength was 326 nm. The contents of the prepared neochlorogenic acid reached to 98.86% and the yield was 89.1%. It was concluded that the method was effective for the preparation of neochlorogenic acid with high purity. It can be used to prepare the reference substances for quantitative analysis and content determination of Chinese materia medica.

OBJECTIVE： To investigate and analyze the channels by which doctors obtain related information of diagnosis and treatment about diseases， and to provide reference for management institutions to understand related information and execute continue education. METHODS： 14 public general hospitals （12 were second grade class A， 2 were third grade class A） with grade Ⅱ and above in Tangshan were selected， and a self-designed questionnaire was used to conduct a one-to-one paper questionnaire survey on the doctors on duty. The content of the survey focused on the channels to obtain related information of diagnosis and treatment （including internal communication platform for medical experts， professional Chinese medical journals， professional medical network media， professional medical training classes/courses and professional medical academic conferences）. The channels to access relevant information on diagnosis and treatment were analyzed from the hospital level， department， professional title， education backgrounds and medical years. RESULTS： A total of 2 536 questionnaires were sent out， and 2 105 questionnaires were recovered （recovery rate of 83.0％）， among which there were 2 047 valid questionnaires （effective rate of 97.2％）. Doctors in third grade hospitals obtain more relevant information through “professional Chinese medical journals” “professional medical network media” “professional medical training classes/courses” “professional medical academic conferences” and than doctors in second grade hospitals （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）； there was no statistical significance among different departments （P＞0.05）. Doctors with deputy chief physician or above title chose “internal communication platform for medical experts” “professional Chinese medical journals” and “professional medical academic conference” more than doctors with attending physician or below title （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. The proportion of doctors with master’s degree or above choosing “professional Chinese medical journals” “professional medical network media” and “professional medical academic conferences” were significantly higher than that of doctors with bachelor’s degree or below （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. The proportion of doctors who had been in medicine experience for 11 years or more choosing “professional Chinese medical journals” and “professional medical training classes/courses” were higher than that of doctors who had been in medicine experience for 10 years or less （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. Overall， the doctors who choosing “internal communication platform for medical experts” and “professional medical network media” was significantly higher than that of doctors choosing “professional Chinese medical journals” “professional medical training classes/courses” and “professional medical academic conferences” （P＜0.001）. CONCLUSIONS： Doctors are more likely to choose “internal communication platform for medical experts” and “professional medical network media” channels to obtain disease diagnosis and treatment information. Medical experts’ inner exchange platforms and professional medical network media can be effectively used as an important way for medical staff to conduct continue education and improve the level of disease diagnosis and treatment.

【Objective】 To investigate the improvement of signal uniformity in cardiac magnetic resonance image by adjusting the transmit gain (TG). 【Methods】 For this study we recruited 11 volunteers for cardiac MR scans between July and September 2018. The scanner of US GE Discovery 750 3.0T superconducting MRI was used. We divided the volunteers into normal group and overweight group according to their individual BMI index. The imaging sequences consisted of the black blood double inversion recovery sequence (T1 weighted image and T2 weighted image) and breath-holding black blood three-inversion recovery sequence (FST1 weighted image and FST2 weighted image). All sequences were performed across different TG values, including 150, 160, 170, 180, and 190. The images’ quality was scored by two experienced radiologists using a four-point system based on the blinding principle. The paired variance analysis was made to compare the image quality of different TG groups. 【Results】 We observed consistent results in both normal and overweight groups. The optimal TG value was 160 for black blood triple inversion recovery sequence and 170 for black blood double inversion recovery sequence. 【Conclusion】 Adjusting the TG value can improve the signal uniformity of the myocardium, thereby improving the quality of images.

BACKGROUND: Hypertension is associated with stroke-related mortality. However, the long-term association of blood pressure (BP) and the risk of stroke-related mortality and the influence path of BP on stroke-related death remain unknown. The current study aimed to estimate the long-term causal associations between BP and stroke-related mortality and the potential mediating and moderated mediating model of the associations. METHODS: This is a 45-year follow-up cohort study and a total of 1696 subjects were enrolled in 1976 and 1081 participants died by the latest follow-up in 2020. COX proportional hazard model was used to explore the associations of stroke-related death with baseline systolic blood pressure (SBP)/diastolic blood pressure (DBP) categories and BP changes from 1976 to 1994. The mediating and moderated mediating effects were performed to detect the possible influencing path from BP to stroke-related deaths. E value was calculated in the sensitivity analysis. RESULTS: Among 1696 participants, the average age was 44.38 ± 6.10 years, and 1124 were men (66.3%). After a 45-year follow-up, a total of 201 (11.9%) stroke-related deaths occurred. After the adjustment, the COX proportional hazard model showed that among the participants with SBP ≥ 160 mmHg or DBP ≥ 100 mmHg in 1976, the risk of stroke-related death increased by 217.5% (hazard ratio [HR] = 3.175, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.297-4.388), and the adjusted HRs were higher in male participants. Among the participants with hypertension in 1976 and 1994, the risk of stroke-related death increased by 110.4% (HR = 2.104, 95% CI: 1.632-2.713), and the adjusted HRs of the BP changes were higher in male participants. Body mass index (BMI) significantly mediated the association of SBP and stroke-related deaths and this mediating effect was moderated by gender. CONCLUSIONS In a 45-year follow-up, high BP and persistent hypertension are associated with stroke-related death, and these associations were even more pronounced in male participants. The paths of association are mediated by BMI and moderated by gender.
Adult ; Blood Pressure/physiology* ; China/epidemiology* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Risk Factors ; Stroke