Objective To investigate the application of 3-D scanning in the diagnosis and evaluation of pectus excava-tum.Methods From July 2016 to June 2017, chest CT concomitant 3-D scanning were performed in 90 pectus excavatum pa-tients before Nuss procudure.Another 30 cases underwent chest CT scanning for non-chest deformity causes were chosen as a control group.The transverse and anterior-posterior maximum diameter through the deepest point of chest wall deformity were measured.The surface topography index and Haller index were calculated respectively .Results There was a positive correla-tion between CT and 3-D scanning diameters of the transverse and anterior-posterior maximum diameters, and consistency rates were 94% and 82%, respectively.There was significant difference between pectus excavatum group 1.82 ±0.21 and control group 1.41 ±0.07 in the STI(P<0.001).There was a positive correlation between Haller index 5.12 ±3.36 and STI 1.82 ± 0.21, and consistency rate was 89%.The Delong's test showed no significant difference between ROC of HI and STI(Z =1.18, P=0.28).Conclusion 3-D scanning and STI of pectus excavatum is a validated alternative for CT and Haller index, especially in the infant and non-surgical treatment PE cases.

Spinal cord stimulation (SCS) is a promising technique for treating disorders of consciousness (DOCs). However, differences in the spatio-temporal responsiveness of the brain under varied SCS parameters remain unclear. In this pilot study, functional near-infrared spectroscopy was used to measure the hemodynamic responses of 10 DOC patients to different SCS frequencies (5 Hz, 10 Hz, 50 Hz, 70 Hz, and 100 Hz). In the prefrontal cortex, a key area in consciousness circuits, we found significantly increased hemodynamic responses at 70 Hz and 100 Hz, and significantly different hemodynamic responses between 50 Hz and 70 Hz/100 Hz. In addition, the functional connectivity between prefrontal and occipital areas was significantly improved with SCS at 70 Hz. These results demonstrated that SCS modulates the hemodynamic responses and long-range connectivity in a frequency-specific manner (with 70 Hz apparently better), perhaps by improving the cerebral blood volume and information transmission through the reticular formation-thalamus-cortex pathway.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Brain ; physiopathology ; Consciousness ; physiology ; Consciousness Disorders ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Female ; Hemodynamics ; physiology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pilot Projects ; Spinal Cord ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Spinal Cord Stimulation ; methods ; Young Adult