HIV/AIDS has posed an increasingly serious issue in China. In recent years, Chinese government has taken further intensified efforts to combat HIV/AIDS with high-level political commitment, supportive policy development, increased financial allocation, large-scale of governmentled initiatives, expanded international cooperation and great involvement of non-governmental organizations. Meanwhile gaps and challenges coexist impacting the implementation and the results of national HIV/AIDS programs. Thus, further government efforts are needed to improve and tailor the actions to meet the requirement of HIV/AIDS control in China.

Objective To explore the feasibility,efficent and safety of transuretheral enucleation of prostate combined with extraction of gland pieces from small lower mid-line incision(LMI).Methods One hundred and twelve patients with large benign prostatic hyperplasia were treated by modified transurethral nucleation of prostate,during the operation,the gland was divided into 2-3 parts which were extracted from a small LMI.Results In this method the operation time was 60-120 min with an average time of(70 ± 10)min and blood loss during operation was 60-400 ml with an average of(150 ± 15)ml.There was no severe complication during and after operation.At the 3 month after surgery,the urine flow rate(Qmax)increased from (7.5 ±2.4)ml/s to(16.0 ±2.5)ml/s,and urine residual volume(RUV)decreased from(75 ± 15)ml to (25 ± 10)ml,international prostate symptom score(IPSS)decreased from 25.5±:4.5 to 8.4 ± 1.3,and the quality of life(QOL)decreased from 5.5 ± 0.4 to 1.2 ± 0.3.All these changes were statistically significant (t =28.53,36.19,37.16 and 59.53,Ps ＜ 0.05).At the 6 month,no complications,e.g.,permenant uroclepsia,urethrostenosis or erection disfounction occurred.Conclusion Transurethral enucleation of prostate combined with gland extraction from LMI for large benign prostatic hyperplasia is safe and effective and it is worthy of generalization in clinical practice.

In recent years ,matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) is a new organic soft ionization mass spectrometry which can identify and classify microorganism by directly using the sam-ple itself or cultivate colonies on petri dish in a few minutes .This new and simple method reduces the cost of consumables and the time of diagnosis greatly .Its reliability and accuracy have been shown in many studies and different system devices have al-ready been on the market .In the near future ,MALDI-TOF MS will have a broader prospect .This mass spectrometry will be-come an effective and fast microbial identification technology to replace the conventional method .In this article ,we will review the principles of MALDI-TOF MS ,its development and application ,its advantages and shortcomings which compared with tra-ditional methods at the present stage ,and the emphasis will focus on the application characteristics of MALDI-TOF MS in mi-crobial systems .

Objective:To investigate depression of elderly patients in general hospital Method:315 patients aged 60 or above in Tongji hospital were screened with CES-D (Chinese version of Center of Epidemiological Survey-Depression) Results:70 of them (22%) definitely had depression, 53 were suspected of depression Female had higher scores in CES-D than male The less educated had higher score in CES-D Multiple regression showed poor education as a risk factor for depression in elderly patients Discussion: Routine screening for depression in elderly patients in general hospital is necessary

Objective: To study the effect of fluoxetine in treatment of anxiety and depression of patients with patients with persistent somatoform pain disorder Method:62 patients with persistent somatoform pain disorder were treated with fluoxetine 20mg/d for 6 weeks The clinical effect was assessed with HAMA and HAMD Result:At the end of the 6th week, the responsive rate was 79 03% All item scores of HAMA and HAMD decreased The remission rates of three subscores of HAMD were retardation 75 8%, anxiety/somatization 69 4% weight 45 2% The remission rates of two subscores of HAMA were as follows: mental anxiety 71 0%, somatic anxiety 72 6% Conclusion:Fluoxetine is effective in treatment of anxiety and depression of patients with persistent somatoform pain disorder

Object To study the suitable conditions for the pac king of volatile oil in Rukang Capsule, which will inhibit the loss of volatile oil. Methods With the packing rate as index, even design method wa s applied to investigate the optimal packing conditions. Results The optimal packing conditions were found to be: volatile oil volume (mL)-cy c lodextrin (g)=1∶6, the packing process should be carried out for 120 min under 40 ℃. Conclusion The repetition rate is very good in the repeti tion experiments.

Objective To explore the clinical classification of upper lid dermatochalasis in mid dle-aged and elderly women for choosing appropriate surgical methods and evaluating the efficacy of the treatment.Methods A lot of 98 cases of middle-aged and elderly women above 40,who underwent surgical treatment between January 2005 and September 2015,were retrospectively analyzed.The dermatochalasis was classified according to the relaxation of upper lid soft tissue,eyebrow ptosis and the effect of eye function.Therefore,four surgical treatments were designed for patients-upper eyelid incision,infraeyebrow incision,eyebrow lifting and upper eyelid incision plus eyebrow lifting.Results Of the 133 treated cases,the post-operative cosmetic result was assessed as very satisfactory in 107 (80.4％) cases;as satisfactory in 19 (14.3％) cases,and as dissatisfactory in 7 (5.3％) cases.Conclusions The key to satisfactory treatment of upper lid blepharoplasty for middle aged and elderly women lies in designing personalized treatments and choosing appropriate surgical methods according to the classification of upper lid relaxation.

BACKGROUND:Sensitivity of diagnoses differentiating smaller nodes of splenic metastasis (＜ 1 cm) from CT and MRI is poor. So whether superparamagnetic iron oxide can enhance magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of splenic VX2 tumor in rats need to be further studied.OBJECTTVE: To establish splenic VX2 tumor models, investigate MRI scanning combining with superparamagnetic iron oxide of specific reticuloendothelial system, and study the diagnostic significance of superparamagnetic iron oxide-enhanced MR images on splenic metastases.DESIGN: Duplicated-measured animal study.SETTING: Medical Imaging Center, Nanfang Hospital of the Southern Medical University.MATERIALS: The experiment was carried out in the Medical Imaging Center (Military Key Laboratory), Nanfang Hospital of the Southern Medical University from May 2005 to March 2006. A total of 25 adult SD rats, of either gender, weighing 200-300 g, were selected in this study. The animal experiment had got confirmed consent from local ethic committee. All rats were randomly divided into tumor group (n =20) and blank control group (n =5).METHODS: Models of VX2 tumor in spleen were established successfully. The images obtained before and after administration of superparamagnetic iron oxide. T1-weighted image(T1WI) (450/12 ms) and T2-weighted image(T2WI)(4 000/128 ms) were used to scan sequences. The imaging parameters of various tissues were analyzed before and after superparamagnetic iron oxide-enhanced MRI scanning. Rats in the blank control group were not used to establish models and the sequences were scanned as the same as those in the experimental group.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Signal characteristics of various tissues before and after before and after superparamagnetic iron oxide-enhanced MRI scanning.RESULTS: Eight out of 20 rats died in the tumor group and other 12 and 5 rats in the control group were involved in the final analysis. MR scanning indicated that 8 rats in the tumor group had splenic VX2 tumor. ① On plain MR scanning T1-weighted splenic VX2 tumor showed hypointensity or isointensity which approximated to the signal intensity (SI) of splenic parenchyma. All lesions had been not displayed well. ② On superparamagnetic iron oxide enhancement T2WI sequence the SI of splenic parachyma decreased obviously with percentage of signal intensity loss (PSIL) was 56.11%,But the SI of tumor was not evidently change with PSlL was 1.90%. Nevertheless the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of normal splenic parenchyma around the lesions had obviously difference (P ＜ 0.001) comparatively. So the contrast between tumor and spleen increased, and tumor displayed more clear. Moreover the contrast-to-noise (CNR) between VX2 tumor and splenic parenchyma had an evidently difference with before and after admininstration of superparamagnetic iron oxide (P ＜ 0.001 ).CONCLUSION: On superparamagnetic iron oxide enhancement T1WI sequence the contrast of tumor-to-spleen is poor.So it is not good to characterize the lesions in spleen. On superparamagnetic iron oxide enhanced T2WI the contrast degree of lesions increased obviously. Consequently, superparamagnetic iron oxide-enhanced T2WI MRI scanning can improve the rate of detection and characterization in lesions of spleen.

Objective To evaluate the effects of compositive cognitive training on reasoning ability for healthy community elderly.Method All the participants were selected from one district in Shanghai by every 50 samples.151 community healthy elderly who accorded with the standard were collected at last.They were divided into cognitive intervention group ( n =90) and control group ( n =61 ) by sequence.The interventions ( includes reasoning,memory training,et al) were conducted in 24 sessions over 12 weeks.All individuals were assessed by Neuropsychological Test Battery for Elderly (NTBE) at baseline,follow-up,half a year follow-up and one year follow-up phase,and Raven' s Standard Progressive Matrices on reasoning classes.Results The scores of Raven' s Standard Progressive Matrices were significantly higher after reasoning training in intervention group( (15.54 ±5.70),(10.35 ± 5.10),t =3.595,P ＜ 0.01 ).Compared with baseline,the reasoning test scores of NTBE were significantly higher after cognitive intervention in treatment group at follow-up phase,and were also significantly higher than control group (P ＜ 0.05 or P ＜ 0.01 ).Conclusion Results support the effectiveness of compositive cognitive training in improving reasoning ability are positive,and can last for one year.

Objective To explore the feasibility and safety of primary suture in laparoscopic common bile duct exploration(LCBDE) for treating choledocholithiasis.Methods The clinical data in 185 cases of choledocholithiasis underwent LCBDE in Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital from March 2010 to October 2015 were retrospectively analyzed.The patients were divided into 1aparoscopic common bile duct exploration and primary suture(LBEPS) group(117 cases) and T tube drainage group(68 cases) according to different processing modes of common bile duct incision.The operative time,intra-operative blood loss amount and postoperative complications were observed in the two groups.Results All operations were successfully performed in both two groups without converting to laparotomy.The operative time,intra-operative blood loss amounts and postoperative complications had no statistically significant differences between the LBEPS group and T tube drainage group(P>0.05).The postoperative hospital stay of the LBEPS group was significantly shorter than that of the T tube drainage group(P<0.01).There was no bile duct stricture or stone recurrence during the follow up period in the two groups.Conclusion Under strictly grasping the operation indication,selecting correct suture material and possessing practiced operating skills,primary suture of laparoscopic choledocholithiasis is safe and feasible,can avoid the risk of T tube placing related complications,has short postoperative hospitalization duration and increases postoperative living quality.