HIV/AIDS has posed an increasingly serious issue in China. In recent years, Chinese government has taken further intensified efforts to combat HIV/AIDS with high-level political commitment, supportive policy development, increased financial allocation, large-scale of governmentled initiatives, expanded international cooperation and great involvement of non-governmental organizations. Meanwhile gaps and challenges coexist impacting the implementation and the results of national HIV/AIDS programs. Thus, further government efforts are needed to improve and tailor the actions to meet the requirement of HIV/AIDS control in China.

In recent years ,matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) is a new organic soft ionization mass spectrometry which can identify and classify microorganism by directly using the sam-ple itself or cultivate colonies on petri dish in a few minutes .This new and simple method reduces the cost of consumables and the time of diagnosis greatly .Its reliability and accuracy have been shown in many studies and different system devices have al-ready been on the market .In the near future ,MALDI-TOF MS will have a broader prospect .This mass spectrometry will be-come an effective and fast microbial identification technology to replace the conventional method .In this article ,we will review the principles of MALDI-TOF MS ,its development and application ,its advantages and shortcomings which compared with tra-ditional methods at the present stage ,and the emphasis will focus on the application characteristics of MALDI-TOF MS in mi-crobial systems .

Objective To explore the feasibility,efficent and safety of transuretheral enucleation of prostate combined with extraction of gland pieces from small lower mid-line incision(LMI).Methods One hundred and twelve patients with large benign prostatic hyperplasia were treated by modified transurethral nucleation of prostate,during the operation,the gland was divided into 2-3 parts which were extracted from a small LMI.Results In this method the operation time was 60-120 min with an average time of(70 ± 10)min and blood loss during operation was 60-400 ml with an average of(150 ± 15)ml.There was no severe complication during and after operation.At the 3 month after surgery,the urine flow rate(Qmax)increased from (7.5 ±2.4)ml/s to(16.0 ±2.5)ml/s,and urine residual volume(RUV)decreased from(75 ± 15)ml to (25 ± 10)ml,international prostate symptom score(IPSS)decreased from 25.5±:4.5 to 8.4 ± 1.3,and the quality of life(QOL)decreased from 5.5 ± 0.4 to 1.2 ± 0.3.All these changes were statistically significant (t =28.53,36.19,37.16 and 59.53,Ps ＜ 0.05).At the 6 month,no complications,e.g.,permenant uroclepsia,urethrostenosis or erection disfounction occurred.Conclusion Transurethral enucleation of prostate combined with gland extraction from LMI for large benign prostatic hyperplasia is safe and effective and it is worthy of generalization in clinical practice.

Object To study the suitable conditions for the pac king of volatile oil in Rukang Capsule, which will inhibit the loss of volatile oil. Methods With the packing rate as index, even design method wa s applied to investigate the optimal packing conditions. Results The optimal packing conditions were found to be: volatile oil volume (mL)-cy c lodextrin (g)=1∶6, the packing process should be carried out for 120 min under 40 ℃. Conclusion The repetition rate is very good in the repeti tion experiments.

Objective:To investigate depression of elderly patients in general hospital Method:315 patients aged 60 or above in Tongji hospital were screened with CES-D (Chinese version of Center of Epidemiological Survey-Depression) Results:70 of them (22%) definitely had depression, 53 were suspected of depression Female had higher scores in CES-D than male The less educated had higher score in CES-D Multiple regression showed poor education as a risk factor for depression in elderly patients Discussion: Routine screening for depression in elderly patients in general hospital is necessary

Objective: To study the effect of fluoxetine in treatment of anxiety and depression of patients with patients with persistent somatoform pain disorder Method:62 patients with persistent somatoform pain disorder were treated with fluoxetine 20mg/d for 6 weeks The clinical effect was assessed with HAMA and HAMD Result:At the end of the 6th week, the responsive rate was 79 03% All item scores of HAMA and HAMD decreased The remission rates of three subscores of HAMD were retardation 75 8%, anxiety/somatization 69 4% weight 45 2% The remission rates of two subscores of HAMA were as follows: mental anxiety 71 0%, somatic anxiety 72 6% Conclusion:Fluoxetine is effective in treatment of anxiety and depression of patients with persistent somatoform pain disorder

Objective To investigate the mammographic,galactographic,pneumographic features and their pathological basis.Methods Mammography(n=26),galactography(n=13),pneumography(n=5)and specimen radiography(n=12) in 26 cases pathologically proved,and mammographic-pathologic correlation were analyzed.Results The breast hamartomas in 26 cases were all benign,they were circumscribed and surrounded by a true capsule.The mammographic appearances could be divided into three types acording to different amount of fibroglandular and adipose tissue in tumors:prominantly fatty,prominantly fibrous(fibroglandular)and mixed fibrofatty.Conclusion A clearly containing areas of fat and fibroglandular density and a characteristic"slice of sausage"appearance can be showed on mammograms.Galactography and pneumography is of a great help to differential diagnosis of breast hamartomas.

AIM: Constructing plasmid that expresses human plasminogen kringle 5 gene to analyze the gene expression in E.coli. METHODS: The gene of human plasminogen kringle 5 was inserted into plasmid PBV220 EcoRI site by gene manipulation techniques and was transformed to E.coli TGI. The gene expression was observed by SDS-PAGE. RESULTS: Expression vector PBVK5 was constructed, and human plasmingen kringle 5 gene product was obtained at 42℃ induction. CONCLUSLON: Expression product of human plasminogen kringle 5 gene was soluble form of proteins, and the expression amount was 9.8% in E.coli TGI total proteins.

BACKGROUND:Sensitivity of diagnoses differentiating smaller nodes of splenic metastasis (＜ 1 cm) from CT and MRI is poor. So whether superparamagnetic iron oxide can enhance magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of splenic VX2 tumor in rats need to be further studied.OBJECTTVE: To establish splenic VX2 tumor models, investigate MRI scanning combining with superparamagnetic iron oxide of specific reticuloendothelial system, and study the diagnostic significance of superparamagnetic iron oxide-enhanced MR images on splenic metastases.DESIGN: Duplicated-measured animal study.SETTING: Medical Imaging Center, Nanfang Hospital of the Southern Medical University.MATERIALS: The experiment was carried out in the Medical Imaging Center (Military Key Laboratory), Nanfang Hospital of the Southern Medical University from May 2005 to March 2006. A total of 25 adult SD rats, of either gender, weighing 200-300 g, were selected in this study. The animal experiment had got confirmed consent from local ethic committee. All rats were randomly divided into tumor group (n =20) and blank control group (n =5).METHODS: Models of VX2 tumor in spleen were established successfully. The images obtained before and after administration of superparamagnetic iron oxide. T1-weighted image(T1WI) (450/12 ms) and T2-weighted image(T2WI)(4 000/128 ms) were used to scan sequences. The imaging parameters of various tissues were analyzed before and after superparamagnetic iron oxide-enhanced MRI scanning. Rats in the blank control group were not used to establish models and the sequences were scanned as the same as those in the experimental group.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Signal characteristics of various tissues before and after before and after superparamagnetic iron oxide-enhanced MRI scanning.RESULTS: Eight out of 20 rats died in the tumor group and other 12 and 5 rats in the control group were involved in the final analysis. MR scanning indicated that 8 rats in the tumor group had splenic VX2 tumor. ① On plain MR scanning T1-weighted splenic VX2 tumor showed hypointensity or isointensity which approximated to the signal intensity (SI) of splenic parenchyma. All lesions had been not displayed well. ② On superparamagnetic iron oxide enhancement T2WI sequence the SI of splenic parachyma decreased obviously with percentage of signal intensity loss (PSIL) was 56.11%,But the SI of tumor was not evidently change with PSlL was 1.90%. Nevertheless the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of normal splenic parenchyma around the lesions had obviously difference (P ＜ 0.001) comparatively. So the contrast between tumor and spleen increased, and tumor displayed more clear. Moreover the contrast-to-noise (CNR) between VX2 tumor and splenic parenchyma had an evidently difference with before and after admininstration of superparamagnetic iron oxide (P ＜ 0.001 ).CONCLUSION: On superparamagnetic iron oxide enhancement T1WI sequence the contrast of tumor-to-spleen is poor.So it is not good to characterize the lesions in spleen. On superparamagnetic iron oxide enhanced T2WI the contrast degree of lesions increased obviously. Consequently, superparamagnetic iron oxide-enhanced T2WI MRI scanning can improve the rate of detection and characterization in lesions of spleen.

Objective To evaluate the middle and short-term effects of integrative cognitive training on mild cognitive impairments(MCI).Methods All the participants with MCI aged over 70 years were selected from one sub-district of Putuo District,Shanghai and divided into cognitive intervention group (n=46) and control group (n=35).The integrative cognitive training was conducted in 24 sessions for 12 weeks.All subjects were assessed by Neuropsychological Test Battery for Elderly (NTBE) and by a questionnaire of Shanghai Health Survey for the Elderly (VER2006)at baseline,follow-up and one-year follow up phases.Results At baseline phase,semantic relations test in NTBE was better (t=2.13,P=0.037),verbal fluency test (vegetables) in NTBE was worse(t =-2.25,P=0.038) in intervention group than in control group,while there were no significant differences in scores of other neuropsychological tests between intervention group and control group(all P＞0.05).At follow up phase,16 subscales in reasoning test of NTBE were improved (t=-2.70,P=0.010)and 2 subscales were declined in cognitive intervention group(all P＜0.05).9 subscales in semantic relations test of NTBE (t=-2.27,P=0.013) were improved and 5 subscales were declined in control group (all P＜ 0.05).Comparison between groups at one year follow-up showed that 5 subscales in reasoning test of NTBE (F=16.80,P=0.000) were better in intervention group than in control group(all P＜0.05).General linear model (GLM) with repeated measures at three time points showed that 4 subscales in reasoning test of NTBE had a time-by group interaction (F=5.16,P=0.01).Conclusions Integrative cognitive training can improve cognitive function in patients with mild cognitive impairments,and the validity of reasoning ability can sustain one year.