Objective:To investigate depression of elderly patients in general hospital Method:315 patients aged 60 or above in Tongji hospital were screened with CES-D (Chinese version of Center of Epidemiological Survey-Depression) Results:70 of them (22%) definitely had depression, 53 were suspected of depression Female had higher scores in CES-D than male The less educated had higher score in CES-D Multiple regression showed poor education as a risk factor for depression in elderly patients Discussion: Routine screening for depression in elderly patients in general hospital is necessary

Objectives To observe the effects of arsenic trioxide (As2O3) on the cell cycle, differentiation and proliferation of cultured mouse melanoma Cloudman S91 cells. Methods The cell viability was measured by MTT reduction assay. The morphological changes of the cells were examined by Wright-Giemsa staining. Clone forming was carried out to test the proliferation ability. Apoptosis rate and cell cycle of S91 cells were measured by flow cytometry. Results As2O3 in the concentrations of 0.031~0.25 ?mol/L promoted cell growth markedly and blocked the transformation of cells from G0 to G1. As2O3 in the concentrations of 0.5~8.0 ?mol/L inhibited the cell growth and induced apoptosis markedly. Conclusions As2O3 has marked effects on mouse melanoma S91 cells, which include inducing apoptosis and promoting differentiation and proliferation. These effects are dose- and time-dependent.

Objective To evaluate the effects of monomers of aloin, cinnamic acid and sophocarpidine on the acitivity of tyrosinase,so as to provide depigmenting agents in the treatment of hyperpigmentation disorders and cosmetics additives as well. Methods Tyrosinase activity was estimated by measuring the oxidation rate of DL dopa. The inhibitory pattern of each monomers was determined according to their Lineweaver Burk curve as compared to controls. Results Aloin,cinnamic acid and sophocarpidine down regulated the activity of tyrosinase. The inhibitory rates were significantly higher in cinnamic acid group(2 mmol/L, 0.5 mmol/L), aloin group (2 mmol/L)and sophocarpidine group than those in hydroquinone group (0.5 mmol/L)(P

Objective To study CD40 expression on melanocytes induced by IFN-?and its significance. Methods CD40 expression was detected by flow cytometry. The capacity of melanocytes to stimulate T lymphocytes was evaluated by mixed ly mphocyte reaction and the supernatant cytokine levels were determined by ELISA. ResultsHuman melanocytes(MC) cultured in vitro expressed low but detectable CD40 surf ace protein. The surface expression of CD40 was markedly up-regulated by stimul ation with interferon(IFN)-?with different concentrations for 24 hours,48 hour s and 72 hours, respectively. The expression of CD40 was correlated with IFN-? levels after 24 hour incubation. MC underwent a morphologic change with an incre ased capacity to stimulate allogenic lymphocytes to proliferate after IFN-?sti mulation. Optimal enhancement of stimulating index(SI) was observed at an IFN-?concentration of 300 IU/ml after 72 hour treatment. Meanwhile concentrations o f interleukin-12 but not interleukin-8 or 10 were obviously increased in the s upernatants of cultured MC. Furthermore, ligation of CD40 via soluble CD40 ligan d(SCD40L) could enhance CD80 and ICAM-1 expression, which could be blocked by s pecific monoclonal antibody to CD40L. Conclusions Since CD40-CD40L is a pair of important and special costimulating signal, it is of great value to elucidate t he fact that CD40 is functionally expressed on MC, thus for a better understandi ng of MC′s role in cellular immune responses. MC might activate cytotoxic T lym phocyte directly and not via CD4 positive lymphocyte.

Objective To establish a calculation software to determine paternity index(PI) in parentage testing and likelihood ratio (LR) in individual recognition.Methods Based on relevant industry standards and literature, using Visual Basic 6.0 to write the program.Results We successfully developed the calculation software for paternity index (PI) in parentage testing and likelihood ratio (LR) in individual recognition.Conclusion The calculation software can help staff to improve the calculation efifciency, and serve the forensic evidence.

Objective To explore the clinical classification of upper lid dermatochalasis in mid dle-aged and elderly women for choosing appropriate surgical methods and evaluating the efficacy of the treatment.Methods A lot of 98 cases of middle-aged and elderly women above 40,who underwent surgical treatment between January 2005 and September 2015,were retrospectively analyzed.The dermatochalasis was classified according to the relaxation of upper lid soft tissue,eyebrow ptosis and the effect of eye function.Therefore,four surgical treatments were designed for patients-upper eyelid incision,infraeyebrow incision,eyebrow lifting and upper eyelid incision plus eyebrow lifting.Results Of the 133 treated cases,the post-operative cosmetic result was assessed as very satisfactory in 107 (80.4％) cases;as satisfactory in 19 (14.3％) cases,and as dissatisfactory in 7 (5.3％) cases.Conclusions The key to satisfactory treatment of upper lid blepharoplasty for middle aged and elderly women lies in designing personalized treatments and choosing appropriate surgical methods according to the classification of upper lid relaxation.

Objective A new breed of licorice seeds(Wuxin No.1) was selected from wild licorice,Glycyrrhiza uralensis.Methods Its germination rate,content of soluble protein,and peroxidase(POD) activities were investigated and compared with the wild licorice seeds(control group).The leaves of Wuxin No.1 were collected and its genetic polymorphism was analyzed by inter-simple sequence repeat technique(ISSR).Results The results suggested that the seed vitality in Wuxin No.1 was higher than that in the control group.The change of soluble protein and POD activity also demonstrated that the seeds in Wuxin No.1 have the higher vigor.ISSR Analysis showed that among 22 random primers used in this experiment,six primers generated different DNA band types,which meant that there was genetic polymorphism in Wuxin No.1.Conclusion All these changes indicate that Wuxin No.1 is a prospective domestication species of licorice and may be cultivated widely in the future.

BACKGROUND: The attack of temporal epilepsy is associated with the loss and death of hippocampal neurons, in which the specific pattern and mechanism of the loss of hippocampal neurons are still unclear, and it is hard to make sure the inevitable association of the epileptic discharge with activation of cysteine-containing ASPartate-specific protease (caspase 3)and neuronal apoptosis, of hippocampal neurons.OBJECTIVE: To observe the neuronal apoptosis and caspase 3 gene expression of in vitro cultured rat hippocampal neurons of epilepsy models.DESIGN: An open experiment.SETTINGS: Department of Neurosurgery, Changhai Hospital, the Second Military Medical University of Chinese PLA; Department of Neurosurgery,Changzheng Hospital, the University.MATERIALS: The experiments were carried out in the Neurosurgery Laboratory of the Second Military Medical University of Chinese PLA from June 2002 to June 2003. Ten male or female SD rats with 24 hours after birth were used. The Caspase 3 flow detection kit was purchased from American BD Company, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) primers were synthetized by Shanghai Haojia Company.METHODS: ① The SD rats within 24 hours after birth were killed by cutting down the head to remove the brain, then bilateral hippocampi were taken out, and hippocanpal neuron models of epileptic discharge were established. The discharge of the models was recorded with whole cell patch clamp technique. The neurons cultured for 8 days and treated with Mg-free medium were taken as epileptic discharge model group, and those cultured for 8 days but not treated with Mg-free medium were taken as the blank control group, and the changes of potentials were recorded. ② The fulllength cDNA of caspase 3 was cloned with reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and then it was labeled. The expression of caspase 3 gene and neuronal apoptosis were detected with in situ hybridization and flow cytometry.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① Results of cDNA cloning of caspase 3; ② Results of Caspase 3 in situ hybridization; ③ Results of apoptosis.RESULTS: ① The products amplified by RT-PCR showed DNA segment lanes of about 800 bp after treated with 12 g/L agarose gel electrophoresis (Figure 1), which was concordant with the predicted value. The detection of DNA sequence showed that the length of the obtained cloning open-reading frame was 843 bp. ② The hybridization showed that in the blank control group, the positively stained hippocampal neurons were less than 10%, the neurites were well-stacked, and formed extensive synaptic association; In the epileptic discharge model group, the positively stained neurons were obviously increased at 3 hours after the Mg-free treatment, and there were many strongly and positively stained neurons at 12 hours, all these neurons kept the neurites, which became little. ③ The flow cytometry showed that at 6 hours after the Mg-free treatment, the apoptotic cells began to increase obviously, the numbers of apoptotic cells in certain times were not the same.CONCLUSION: Epileptic discharge can trigger the caspase 3 gene expression, by which neuronal apoptosis is induced.

Objective To investigate the relationship between noninvasive brachial artery blood pressure (B) and radial artery blood pressure (R) of the right arm.Methods Two hundred and ninetyfive patients with 149 males and age of (47 ± 16) years were studied.The height of patients was 163 ± 8 cm,and weight of patients was (61.2 ± 7.8) kg.The patients with peripheral vascular disease,wounds of arm skin or subcutaneous tissue infection were all excluded.Their B (with adult cuffs) and R (with infant cuffs) of the right arm were measured and analyzed after the patients under general anesthesia and stable hemodynamics.The relationships between B and R were analyzed by linear regression,the differences between B and R of each interval were compared using one-way ANOVA and then followed by SNK procedure.Results Right brachial artery blood pressure was significantly lower than radial artery blood pressure.The differences between the two varied from 13 to 18 mmHg in systolic BP (SBP),diastolic BP (DBP) and mean blood pressure (MAP).And linear regression was most applicable to describe their correlation [r=0.841 (SBP),0.808 (DBP),0.833 (MAP),all P＜0.01].Conclusions Radial artery blood pressure measured with infant cuffs can well reflect the variation of brachial artery blood pressure.

Objective To measure the expression of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor receptor (G-CSFR) in human melanocytes and to evaluate the biologic effect of recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (rhG-CSF) on human melanocytes.Methods Melanocytes were obtained from circumcision specimens of healthy males,and neutrophils were isolated from heparin-andcoagulated peripheral blood of healthy human followed by a primary culture.Then,the melanocytes in third passage were cultured with or without the presence of various concentrations (200,400,600,800 μg/L) of rhG-CSF for 72 hours.The growth and morphology of melanocytes were observed.Flow cytometry was performed to detect the expression of G-CSFR in untreated human melanocytes,neutrophils and erythroleukemia cells (HEL 92.1.7).Western blot and reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) were carried out to measure the expression of G-CSFR protein and mRNA respectively in the neutrophils,HEL 92.1.7 cells,treated or untreated human melanocytes.Methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay was performed to evaluate the proliferation,and dopa-oxidation assay to estimate the tyrosinase activity,of treated melanocytes.Results The expression rate of G-CSFR was 76.81％ ± 10.70％ in human melanocytes,significantly higher than that in the HEL 92.1.7 cells (2.53％ ± 1.54％,P ＜ 0.01 ),but lower than that in the neutrophils (85.76％ ± 15.71％,P ＜ 0.05).Both G-CSFR protein and mRNA were expressed in melanocytes,and there was no significant differences in the expression level of G-CSFR protein and mRNA among melanocytes treated with different concentrations of rhG-CSF (both P ＞ 0.05).The expression levels of G-CSFR protein and mRNA in the melanecytes were significantly higher than those in the HEL 92.1.7 cells (both P ＜ 0.01 ),but lower than those in the neutrophils (P ＜ 0.05 or ＜ 0.01 ).rhG-CSF at 200-800 μg/L displayed a significantly promotive effect on the proliferation of melanocytes (P ＜ 0.01 or ＜ 0.05 ),and the effect was in a dose-dependent manner when rhG-CSF ranged from 200 to 600 μg/L (P ＜ 0.01 ).The rhG-CSF at 600 μg/L and 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate (TPA) at 20 μg/L showed an equivalent effect on the proliferation of melanocytes (164.04％ ± 13.0％ vs.165.62％ ± 10.6％,P ＞ 0.05).However,rhG-CSF from 200 to 800 μg/L had no significant impact on the tyrosinase activity of melanocytes (all P ＞ 0.05 ).Conclusions G-CSFR is expressed in human melanocytes. rhG-CSF can promote the proliferation of cultured human melanocytes,but has no obvious influence on the tyrosinase activity of melanocytes.