OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the economic efficiency of three oral administration schemes in treatment of benign prostatic hypertrophy(BPH).METHODS:73patients with BPH were divided into three groups:group A,Pule’an,group B,Alfuxosin hydrochloride,group C,Finasteride.Data was evaluated using the pharmacoeconomic cost-effectiveness analysis. RESULTS:The effective rates in the group B and group C were higher than that in group A,the effective rate in group B was comparable to that in group C.The cost-effectiveness ratios of A,B,C were1.30,1.80,4.36,respectively.Using sensitivity analysis,the cost-effectiveness ratios were1.17,1.62,3.92,respectively.CONCLUSION:Among the three schemes,scheme B was the best one.

Objective To investigate the association of HLA class Ⅱ genes and vitiligo in the eastern China Han nationality. Methods Ninety-eight patients with vitiligo and 150 healthy controls were studied for HLA-DRB1, DQA1 and DQB1 locus alleles by PCR-SSOP typing. Results The frequency of HLA-DQA1*03 increased significantly (Pc = 0.008) and DQA1*05 decreased significantly (Pc = 0.016) in the patients with vitiligo. Conclusions The results suggest that there exists a correlation between HLA class Ⅱ genes and vitiligo, and DQA1*03 allele may be a susceptible gene or have a close linkage with susceptible genes, while DQA1*05 allele may be a protective gene in the eastern China Han nationality.

AIM:To study the chemical constituents of Erigeron Injection by HPLC. METHODS: Under the guidance of HPLC analysis,two constituents were separated and purified by the aid of column chromatography with silica gel,and identified by UV、 IR、 MS、 NMR respectively and documentary data. RESULTS: Two compounds from semi-finished products of Erigeron Injection were identified as caffeic acid(Ⅰ) and chlorogenic acid(Ⅱ). CONCLUSION: Two main peaks in HPLC chromatogram of Erigeron Injection are Ⅰ and Ⅱ.

Objective To investigate the risk factors and the influence of intravenous thrombolysis of acute cerebral infarction with cerebral microbleeds(CMBs)by SWI.Methods 1 64 patients with acute cerebral infarction were enrolled in this study.All pa-tients were scanned with routine MRI and SWI.According to the presence of CMBs on SWI,the patients were classified into two groups:CMBs group(73 cases)and non-CMBs group(91 cases).Past history was recorded and risk factors of CMBs were explored. 76 cases patients(including 35 cases of CMBs group and 41 cases of non-CMBs group)were treated by intravenous thrombolysis and rescanned with routine MRI and SWI to compare the changes in the number of CMBs and hemorrhage transformation 24 hours after thrombolysis.Results The difference age,hypertension,lacunar infarction and leukoaraiosis between the two groups were significant (P <0.05).The difference of CMBs and hemorrhagic transformation between the two groups treated by thrombolysis were not sig-nificant(P >0.05).Conclusion Acute cerebral infarction with CMBs are influenced by age,hypertension,lacunar infarction and leu-koaraiosis.Thrombolysis in acute cerebral infarction with CMBs can not augment the incidence of hemorrhagic transformation.

Objective To examine the contribution of CD4+ CD25+ regulatory T cells to liver transplant tolerance. Methods After injection of anti-CD25 monoclonal antibody (mAb, PC61), mouse orthotopic liver transplantation was performed and survivals were determined. The paraffin-embedded sections of hepatic allografts were cut and stained with hematoxylin and eosin (HE). Furthermore, the effect of CD4+ CD25+ regulatory T cells on proliferative response of CD4+ T cells and cytotoxicity of CD8+ T cells was examined by depleting these regulatory T cells. Results Depletion of these cells in the recipients but not in the donors before liver transplantation caused rejection. Histological analyses of hepatic allografts with PC61 treatment showed extensive leukocyte infiltration and tissue destruction, whereas those in the control group showed minimal changes. Moreover, elimination of CD4+CD25+ T cells resulted in the enhancement of both proliferative response of CD4+ T cells and cytotoxicity of CD8+ T cells against donor-type alloantigen. Conclusions These results suggest that CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells were important for tolerance induction to hepatic allografts.

Objective To study the colonization rate and antibiotic resistance of group B Streptococcus (GBS) in gravidas during late pregnancy,and to evaluate the effectiveness of GBS screening in late pregnancy and intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis (IAP) for the prevention of neonatal early-onset GBS disease (EOGBS).Methods A retrospective study was conducted to analyze the colonization rate and antibiotic resistance pattern of GBS in 14 204 gravidas who were screened for GBS at 35-37 gestational weeks during March 2016 to March 2018 in the University of Hongkong-Shenzhen Hospital (HKU-SZH).Differences in the incidence of EOGBS before and after GBS screening and IAP were analyzed using Chi-square or Fisher's exact test.Results Among the 14 204 gravidas,2 027 cases were GBS positive with a colonization rate of 14.27％.Incidence rates of EOGBS before and after GBS screening were 0.6‰ (4/6 356) and 0.07‰ (1/14 403),respectively (Fisher's exact test,P=0.033).GBS isolates were 100％ (2 027/2 027) sensitive to penicillin and vancomycin.Resistance rates to clindamycin and erythromycin were 67.2％(1 363/2 027) and 65.7％ (1 332/2 027),respectively.Conclusions Routine GBS screening in late pregnancy and IAP can significantly decrease the incidence of EOGBS.Penicillin is the optimal choice for prevention and treatment of GBS infection.

Combinatorial therapies have been recently proposed to improve the efficacy of anti-cancer treatment.The SynergyFinder R package is a software used to analyze pre-clinical drug combination datasets.Here,we report the major updates to the SynergyFinder R package for improved interpretation and annotation of drug combination screening results.Unlike the exist-ing implementations,the updated SynergyFinder R package includes five main innovations.1)We extend the mathematical models to higher-order drug combination data analysis and implement dimension reduction techniques for visualizing the synergy landscape.2)We provide a statistical analysis of drug combination synergy and sensitivity with confidence intervals and P values.3)We incorporate a synergy barometer to harmonize multiple synergy scoring methods to provide a consensus metric for synergy.4)We evaluate drug combination synergy and sensitivity to pro-vide an unbiased interpretation of the clinical potential.5)We enable fast annotation of drugs and cell lines,including their chemical and target information.These annotations will improve the interpretation of the mechanisms of action of drug combinations.To facilitate the use of the R package within the drug discovery community,we also provide a web server at www.s ynergyfinderplus.org as a user-friendly interface to enable a more flexible and versatile analysis of drug combination data.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the molecular genetic basis of samples with ABO typing discrepancy and provide the guidline for identification and clinical transfusion for these samples.

METHODSSix cases with similar serological characteristics were collected. Serological method, PCR-SSP and direct sequencing of ABO gene were used to explore the underlying mechanism. Condition of clinical transfusion of patients was also reviewed.

RESULTSThree conditions were related with the ABO blood type discrepancy, which included weaken antigen (2 cases), weakened antibody (3 cases) and ABO subtype (1 case). The satisfactory effect of transfusion was achieved in all patients with the principle of the same blood type or the compatible crossmatch.

CONCLUSIONHeterogeneity has existed with the ABO group. Indivianals with same reaction pattern may result in different mechanisms.

ABO Blood-Group System ; genetics ; Adult ; Base Sequence ; Blood Grouping and Crossmatching ; Blood Transfusion ; Exons ; Genotype ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Young Adult

Background: Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) leads to thinning of scalp hair and affects 60%~70% of the adult population worldwide. Developing more effective treatments and studying its mechanism are of great significance. Previous clinical studies have revealed that hair growth is stimulated by 650-nm red light. Objective: This study aimed to explore the effect and mechanism of 650-nm red light on the treatment of AGA by using ex vivo hair follicle culture. Methods: Human hair follicles were obtained from hair transplant patients with AGA. Hair follicles were cultured in Williams E medium and treated with or without 650-nm red light.Real-time RT-PCR and immunofluorescence staining were used to detect the expression level of genes and proteins in hair follicles, respectively. RNA-sequencing analysis was carried out to reveal the distinct gene signatures upon 650 nm treatment. Results: Low-level 650 nm red light promoted the proliferation of human hair follicles in the experimental cultured-tissue model. Consistently, 650 nm red light significantly delayed the transition of hair cycle from anagen to catagen in vitro. RNA-seq analysis and gene clustering for the differentially expressed genes suggests that leukocyte transendothelial migration, metabolism, adherens junction and other biological process maybe involved in stimulation of hair follicles by 650-nm red light treatment. Conclusion The effect of 650-nm red light on ex vivo hair follicles and the transcriptome set which implicates the role of red light in promoting hair growth and reversing of miniaturization process of AGA were identified.

Objective:To investigate the effect of levodopa and benserazide combined with pramipexole in the treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD) and its influence on cognitive function and oxidative stress indicators.Methods:From January 2021 to December 2023, the clinical datas of 110 PD patients in the Neurocritical Rehabilitation Center of Xi'an International Medical Center Hospital were selected for a prospective study. Based on the principle of balanced and comparable baseline features between groups, they were divided into single drug group (odd number, 55 cases, oral levodopa and benserazide, effective dose: 500-1 000 mg/d) and combined group (even number, 55 cases, pramipexole based on single drug group, effective dose: 0.375-4.500 mg/d) according to the simplified randomization method (odd-even number method). The therapeutic effect (Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS)), improvement status of symptoms, cognitive ability (Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA)), oxidative stress indicators (superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde) and brain injury indicators (central nervous system specific protein β (S100β), human Parkinson protein 7 (PARK7)) before and after treatment and adverse drug reactions were compared between groups of patients.Results:After treatment, the scores of UPDRS Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ dimensions in the two groups were significantly decreased, and the above scores with ((5.53±1.16, 20.43±3.98, 14.37±3.07) points) in combined group were significantly lower than ((7.06±1.64, 24.56±4.37, 17.32±3.83) points) in single drug group ( t values were 5.65, 5.18 and 4.46, respectively; all P<0.001). After treatment, the autonomic disorder and sensory disturbance were significantly improved in both groups, but the proportion of sensory disturbance after treatment in combined group (20.00%, 11/55) was significantly lower than that in single drug group (38.18%, 21/55), and the difference was statistically significant ( χ2=4.41, P=0.036). The MMSE score in the two groups after treatment was decreased significantly while the MoCA score was increased significantly, but the MMSE score in combined group with ((10.38±1.95) points) was significantly lower than ((12.27±2.26) points) in single drug group. The difference was statistically significant ( t=4.70, P<0.001) while the MoCA score with ((18.46±3.21) points) was significantly higher compared with ((16.84±3.07) points) in single drug group.The difference was statistically significant ( t=2.71, P=0.008). After treatment, SOD in the two groups was risen significantly while malondialdehyde was declined significantly, and SOD in combined group with ((82.53±10.63) U/L) was significantly higher than ((76.54±8.85) U/L) in single drug group, while malondialdehyde with ((4.64±0.85) μmol/L) was significantly lower than ((6.46±1.26) μmol/L) in single drug group. The difference is statistically significant ( t values were 3.21 and 8.88, respectively; P values were 0.002 and <0.001). The levels of S100β and PARK7 in both groups were reduced significantly after treatment, and the combined group ((73.64±5.72) ng/L, (78.04±6.93) μmol/L) had significantly lower levels than the single drug group ((15.73±3.25) ng/L, (22.23±3.84) μmol/L). The differences were statistically significant ( t-values were 3.63 and 9.58, respectively; both P<0.001). There was no statistical difference in incidence of adverse drug reactions between groups ( P>0.05). Conclusion:Levodopa and benserazide combined with pramipexole can enhance the cognitive function of PD patients and improve the oxidative stress indicators, with few adverse reactions, safe and effective, and is worthy of application.