Objective To investigate the clinical distribution and change of pathogenic bacterium in women and children' s hospital and health institute. Methods Pathogens isolation, and identification were conducted for samples, which were gathered from patients in our hospital between Nov. 2001 and Oct. 2007. Results The total posi-tive rate was 12.7%. Conclusion Clinical distribution of pathogenic bacterium in women and children' s hospital and health institute was different from other hospitals. It is important for reasonable antibacterials application, also for nosocomial infection prevention and reduction.

Objective To investigate the therapeutic effect of acupoint selection by heavenly stems on eosinophils(EOS) in guinea pigs with asthma.Methods Forty-eight guinea pigs were randomized into four groups: group A(timely electroacupuncture at the period of the day from 3 p.m.to 5 p.m.),group B(un-timely electroacupuncture at the period of the day from 9 a.m.to 11 a.m.),group C(model group) and group D(normal control group).Asthma was induced by chicken ovalbumin in groups A,B and C.The hematoxylin-eosin(HE) staining method and terminal-deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated nick end labeling(TUNEL) method were applied in the pathological and quantitative observation of eosinophils(EOS) in lung slices.Results The number of EOS was increased in model group(P

Objective To know the faculty experiences of patients in ICU during the course of oretracheal intutation, analyze the influence of related stressor in ICU on patients, and then carry out certaincounter nursing measures according to the results.Methods Phenomenological approach was adopted in this research, 8 patients with orotracheal intubtion received interviews, the data collected from the interviews were analyzed thematically. Results Three themes were showed: a series of mental and psychiatric symptom, obviously emotional change and the aggravation of local irritation. Conclusions Scientific ICU should be build by related nursing managers, the individualization and humanization nursing cares should be used for patients in ICU to promote nursing quality.

Objective To investigate the changes and prognostic significance of bone marrow(BM) oil drop and megakaryocyte counts after chemotherapy in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients (non-M3).Methods Ninty-nine adult patients with denovo AML (non-M3) were retrospectively analyzed to evaluate the change of BM oil drop and megakaryocyte counts and their influences on overall survival(OS) and disease free survival (DFS) during all stages of standardized therapy.Results The median DFS and OS were 21 (2-88);months and 70 (4-89) months,respectively; and 3-year predicted DFS and OS were 47.3 ％ and 55.8 ％,respectively.After AML patients (non-M3) achieving complete remission (CR) by induction therapy,BM oil drop tended to increase along with postremission chemotherapy cycle accumulation, while megakaryocyte counts tended to decrease.The univariate analysis indicated that megakaryocyte counts decreased after the second course of postremission therapy. BM oil drop increased after the first to the third course of postremission therapy.Grade of myelofibrosis in BM biopsy,serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) level at diagnosis,flow cytometric immunophenotyping, the percentage of BM blast cells at diagnosis and the percentage of residual leukemic cells (RLC) during aplasia (7-10 days after the end of induction therapy) had prognostic significance.Multivariable COX analysis indicated the percentage of BM blast cells at diagnosis and change of BM oil drop after the third postremission therapy were independent prognostic factors for DFS (P =0.010,0.018 respectively),and RLCs during aplasia and change rate of the megakaryocyte counts after the second postremission therapy were independent prognostic factors for OS (P =0.009, 0.038respectively).Conclusion After AML patients (non-M3) achieving CR by induction therapy,BM oil drop tends to increase along with postremission chemotherapy cycles accumulation,while the megakaryocyte counts tend to decrease.Dynamic observations of bone marrow oil drop and megakaryocyte counts are helpful for assessing the prognosis of acute myeloid leukemia (non-M3).

Objective To improve the acknowledge of diagnosis and therapy of aggressive systemic mastocytosis (ASM).Methods One ASM patient was reported and the literatures were reviewed.Results As a rare subtype of SM,ASM is characterized by multiple organs involvement,and often accompanied by bone marrow dysfunction,osteolytic lesions and palpable hepatomegaly or splenomegaly which usually indicate the high mast cell burden.Conclusion ASM meets criteria for SM and has one or more C findings.Variable factors affect the prognosis of ASM patients and the formulation of the clinical treatment strategy which leads to the highly individualized therapies.

Temporins are a kind of small,hydrophobic and C-terminus amidated antimicrobial peptides from Rana species.They are effective against bacteria,fungi,yeast,protozoa and viruses.Two novel temporins named as temporin-La(LLRHWKILEKYLanifc) and temporin-Lb(LFRHVVKIFEK.Ylamid.) were cloned from Lithobates catesbeianus.Synthetic peptides of temporin-La and temporin-Lb showed strong antimicrobial activities against bacteria tested,especially Gram-positive bacteria.Besides,temporin-La showed no haemolytic activity to rabbit erythrocytes at the concentration of 250 mg/L while temporin-Lb showed weak haemolytic activity(LC50≈ 230 μmol/L).Transmission electron microscopy showed that temporin-La and temporin-Lb induced different effects on bacterial structure of Staphylococcus aureus.

Objective To explore the disease spectrum characteristics of hospitalized children having joined new rural cooperative medical system (NCMS) in Jinjiang, in order to provide reference for developing disease prevention and control measures for the children. Methods The disease spectrum of NCMS hospitalized children under 14 years old in Jinjiang from January to December 2013 were analyzed. Results The NCMS hospitalized children's disease attack was related to age and sex. Children in different age stages had different ranks of disease constitution, but respiratory and digestive system diseases always ranked the top 3 in each age group. The top 5 system diseases affecting children's health were respiratory diseases ( 63 . 60%) , digestive diseases ( 11 . 04%) , certain infectious and parasitic diseases (5.41%), certain conditions originated in perinatal period (3.17%), and certain consequences caused by injury, poison-ing and external causes (2.76%);The top 5 system diseases affected 85.99%of the total hospitalized children. Regard-ing to single disease rank, the top 5 diseases were all respiratory system diseases, (unspecified) bronchial pneumonia (22.83%), (unspecified) acute tonsillitis (9.26%), (unspecified) acute upper respiratory tract infection (8.99%), (unspecified) acute bronchitis (8.82%) and unspecified pneumonia (5.38%); The top 5 diseases affected 55.28% of the total hospital-ized children. Conclusion Respiratory disease is the major disease threatening the children's health in Jinjiang. It is suggested that medical and health resources be adjusted rationally, specific effective methods and measures be taken to prevent respiratory diseases, and relevant prevention and control measures be developed based on the disease constitu-tions of children in different age groups.

OBJECTIVETo estimate the significance of the adjustment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) risk group by monitoring minimal residual disease(MRD).

METHODTotally 285 children ALL patients who were diagnosed and systematically treated according to CCLG-2008 in Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, CAMS and PUMC, from April 2008 to August 2011 were prospectively selected. Among these cases, 62.8% (n = 179) were boys and 37.2% (n = 106) were girls and the median age was 5.3(0.5-14.0). The patients who were at high-risk group initially were excluded. The grouping of cases: the patients were divided into two groups according to the dates of initial diagnosis. Group I had 126 patients who were initially diagnosed between April 2008 and December 2009 in whom therapeutic regimen was not adjusted by reassignment of risk group by MRD. Group II had 159 patients who were initially diagnosed between January 2010 and August 2011 whose therapeutic regimen was adjusted by reassignment of risk group by MRD at specific time (33rd day of induction chemotherapy and 12 weeks after the beginning of chemotherapy). MP-FCM Coulter FC-500 was used in the detection of MRD.

RESULTAmong these 285 patients, 94.0% (n = 268) were diagnosed as B-lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia and 6.0% (n = 17) were T-lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia. In group I, 61.9% (n = 78) patients belonged to low-risk group, 38.1% (n = 48) median-risk; in group II, before the adjustment, the rates of the low-risk group and median-risk group were 68.6% (n = 109) and 31.4% (n = 50) , respectively, while after the adjustment they were altered to 53.5% (n = 85) and 39.6% (n = 63) , furthermore 6.9% (n = 11) patients went into the high-risk group. Both groups were followed up for 2.5 years after their diagnoses, the disease of 7.4% (n = 21) patients relapsed, and the rates of two groups were 12.7% (n = 16) and 3.1% (n = 5) respectively, P = 0.009. The rate of serious infection (such as sepsis, pulmonary infection) of all these patients was 32.3% (92/285) , there was no significant difference between the two groups [28.6% (36/126) vs.35.2% (56/159) , P = 0.392]. The mortality of all these patients was 6.7% (19/285) , and that of group I was higher than that of group II [10.3% (13/126) vs. 3.8% (6/159) , P = 0.044]. The 2.5 years overall survival (OS), event-free survival (EFS) and disease-free survival (DFS) of group I were all lower than those of group II in Kaplan-Meier survivorship analysis (all P < 0.05). The two groups were followed up for 2.5 years after their diagnoses, after elimination of the confounding influence of sex, age, FAB subtype, WBC count, ratio of blast cells in bone marrow at diagnosed, chromosome karyotype and fusion gene, reassignment of risk group by MRD was used to calculate the OS, EFS and DFS of ALL patients (all P < 0.05). After the adjustment the risk group was more significant in the assessment of prognosis.

CONCLUSIONThe reassignment of risk group in low and median risk groups children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia by MRD did not increase the rate of serious infection but could reduce the relapse rate and mortality, and was beneficial to increase the patients' OS, EFS and DFS.

Adolescent ; Antineoplastic Agents ; administration & dosage ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Bone Marrow ; pathology ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Disease-Free Survival ; Female ; Flow Cytometry ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Neoplasm, Residual ; diagnosis ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma ; diagnosis ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Prognosis ; Prospective Studies ; Recurrence ; Remission Induction ; Survival Rate ; Treatment Outcome

Objective: To investigate the clinical manifestation, cytogenetics, gene mutations and prognostic factors of chronic neutrophilic leukemia (CNL) . Methods: 16 CNL cases, according to WHO (2016) -definition, were reviewed retrospectively. Identifications of the CSF3R, ASXL1, SETBP1, CALR and MPL mutations were performed by direct sequencing. JAK2 V617F mutation was detected by AS-PCR. Results: Of the 16 CNL patients, the median age was 64 (43-80) years with a male predominance of 75% (12/16) . The median hemoglobin was 114 (81-154) g/L, with median WBC of 41.20 (26.05-167.70) (10⁹/L and median PLT of 238 (91-394) ×10⁹/L.The median level of marrow fibrosis (MF) was 1 (0-3) degree. There was no other cytogenetic abnormalities except t (1;7) (p32;q11) , +21 and 14ps+ for each. All the 16 CNL patients harbored CSF3R T618I mutation. ASXL1 mutations were identified in 81% (13/16) , while SETBP1 mutations were confirmed in 63% (10/16) . The CALR K385fs*47 mutation was found. There was no mutation in JAK2 V617F or MPL in the above 16 patients. The median overall survival (OS) of patients presented with WBC≥50×10⁹/L at diagnosis (11 months) was significantly shorter than of WBC<50×10⁹/L (39 months, P=0.005) . Conclusion CSF3R T618I mutation was specific for CNL. The median OS of CNL patients was 24 months, and WBC≥50×10⁹/L at diagnosis was an unfavorable prognostic factor.

Objective:To investigate the effect of MCC950 (a NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitor) on cognitive impairment in mice with radiation-induced inflammatory brain injury.Methods:Mice were divided into normal (NS) group, whole body irradiation (IR) group and MCC950 intervention post irradiation (IR+ MCC950) group according to the random number table method, with 15 mice in each group. The mice in IR group and IR+ MCC950 group were irradiated with a single dose of 4.0 Gy. The radiation source was 137Cs and the dose rate was 1.118 Gy/min. The mice in NS group were not irradiated. Mice in IR+ MCC950 group were injected intraperitoneally with MCC950 once a day (10 mg/kg each time) from 3 weeks after irradiation. Behavioral tests such as new and old things recognition experiment and social cognition experiment were used to detect the cognitive function of mice. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of NeuN protein in CA3 area of mouse hippocampus. PCR and Western blot were used to detect the expression of NLRP3 inflammatory body related protein. Results:Compared with NS group, the short-term and long-term recognition index of new and old things in the IR group decreased significantly ( t=4.321, 5.473, P<0.01), and the social cognitive recognition index of the IR group also decreased significantly ( t=2.097, P<0.05). MCC950 treatment reversed the above changes (short-term and long-term new and old thing recognition test: t=5.860, 4.598, P<0.05; new and old position recognition test: t=3.040, P<0.05; social cognition test: t=4.021, P<0.01). The expression of NLRP3, Caspase-1, IL-1 β and IL-18 in mice hippocampus of the IR group was significantly higher than that of the control group ( t=2.699, 8.515, 3.340, 3.950, P<0.05). Compared with NS mice, radiation significantly increased the expressions of Bax, Caspase-3 and PARP1 in hippocampus ( t=3.887, 2.742, 3.287, P<0.05), while MCC950 significantly decreased the expressions of Bax, Caspase-3 and PARP1( t=2.852, 4.090, 9.614, P<0.05). Conclusions:NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitor MCC950 could alleviate radiation-induced cognitive impairment, which may be due to the inhibition of hippocampal inflammatory and neuronal death.