Objective To study the clinical and pathological features, diagnosis and treatment of malig-nant mesothelioma of the tunica vaginalis testis. Methods One case of malignant mesothelioma of the tuni-ca vaginalis testis was reported. The patient was a 73 years old man, presented with a history of aggravated hydrocele for 1 year. B-ultrasound showed 7.5 cm×4.1 cm liquid anechoic area around the testis. The Pubmed and CBM databases were searched for related articles, and the clinical data were reviewed. Results An operation was performed to incise the tunica vaginalis. The pathology showed fecal caneeration in the tunica vaginalis testis and the immunohistology showed CK5/6, Calretinin and E-cadlberin positive. Right or-chiectomy was performed after three weeks. Local tumor recurrence and inguinal lymph nodes metastasis were found 11 months after operation, and local tumor and lymph nodes were resected. The tumor was diagnosed as malignant mesothelioma of the tunica vaginalis testis and CK5/6 and Calretinin fecal positive. Conclu-sions Malignant mesothelioma of the tunica vaginalis is a rare disease of the testis with potentially aggres-sive behavior. Due to the lack of tumor markers and characteristic symptoms, correct preoperative diagnosis is extremely difficult. Radical surgical treatment is of major importance to the survival of the patients. Life-long follow-up should be offered to patients with malignant mesothelioma of the tunica vaginalis.

To study the effect of compressible limb sleeve system on tumefaction of limbs and recurrence of thrombus in patients underwent venous thrombectomy of deep venous thrombosis (DVT). Sixty-two patients underwent venous thrombectomy of DVT between September 2004 and July 2005 were selected from Affiliated Hospital of Luzhou Medical College, and then were randomly divided into the experimental group and the control group. Patients in the control group were given usual care after the surgery, while patients in the experimental group were treated by compressible limb sleeve system based on usual care (once a day and 30 minutes each time. 14 days were taken as one course, and there were totally 2 courses). The circumference, recurrence rate of thrombus and warmth sensation of affected limb were observed before and after the treatment in both groups. Detection at 28 days after the treatment showed that the circumference of patients in the experimental group decreased, and the score of warmth sensation decreased. There were significant differences in comparison with those in the control group before the treatment (P

BACKGROUND: Intravascular low-level laser irradiation (ILLLI) therapy with He-Ne laser can effectively inhibit the occurrence of heroin withdrawal syndrome, but the therapeutic effect should be evaluated by quantitative standards.OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of intravascular low-level He-Ne laser irradiation against withdrawal syndrome with intravenous according to the criteria proposed by the authors.DESIGN: Randomized controlled trial in heroin-addicted patients.SETTING: Analysis and Testing Laboratory of Xinxiang Medical College and Center of Laser Medical Research of Zhenzhou University Medical CollegePARTICIPANTS: The study was completed in Center of Laser Medical Research in Zhengzhou University in January 2003. Thirty heroin addicts from the Detoxification Center of Zhengzhou including 25 male and 5 female patients aged 19- 45 years were divided randomly into experimental group and control group with 15 cases in each. The patients' history of drug abuse ranged from 0. 5 to 5 years and the daily doses they took was 1.0-4.0 g.INTERVENTIONS: Patients in the experimental group were treated by ILLLI therapy after hospitalization. The therapy was administered once daily for 60 minutes in each session, for a total of 10 days for a treatment course. The irradiating power of the laser was 2.0-3.0 mW with a power density of 7.07-10.6 mW/mm2. Patients in the control group were treated with conventional therapy with algidon combined with buprenorphine hydrochloride. The 12 main symptoms(vomiting, goose pimples, sweating, agitation, shaking, lacrimation, nasal congestion, insomnia, abdominal pain,body temperature changes, muscular pain, and heart rate changes) were scored for 0, 1, 2, and 3 corresponding to absent, mild, moderate, and severe symptoms, with the total score of 36.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Comparison of the scores for the withdrawal symptoms between the two groups.RESULTS: The 30 cases were all available for result analysis. The scores of vomiting, insomnia, agitation, shaking, goose pimples and abdominal pain in the experimental group were 2.0±0.5, 2.5±0.4,4.6±0.3,3.6±0.7,3.1±0.3 and 5.7±0.6 respectively, which were obviously lower than those in control group(5.1±0.7,6.0±0.7,7.4±0.6, 7.1±0.6,5.7±0.6 and 6.4 ±0.7 respectively, t =9.90-16. 81, P＜0.01).CONCLUSION: Intravascular low-level He-Ne laser irradiation can effectively relieve heroin withdrawal syndrome.

The perivascular epithelioid cell (PEC) is a cell type constantly present in a group of tumors called PEComas(perivascular epithelioid cell tumors). PEC expresses myogenic and melanocytic markers,such as HMB45. PEComa is a widely accepted entity now. PEComas are related to the genetic alterations of tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC), an autosomal dominant genetic disease due to losses of TSC1 or TSC2 genes. PEComas are rare in the urinary system and there are some open questions about PEComas regarding its histogenesis, the definition of epithelioid angiomyolipoma and the identification of the histological criteria of malignancy. This review provides an update on PEComas of the urinary system.

Objective To evaluate the feasibility of using pure laparoscopic radical nephrectomy and thrombectomy to treat renal tumor with renal vein and vena caval thrombus. Methods Two ca-ses o{ right renal tumor with renal vein and vena caval thrombus were reported. Contrast-enchanced CT showed renal tumor extended into renal vein and vena cava in 1 case, and filling defect was found in right renal vein and extended to vena cava in the other. Both patients received pure laparoscopic ra-dical nephrectomy and thrombectomy through retroperitoneal approach. Four trocars were placed du-ring the operation, and the renal artery was dissected before the vena cava was mobilized circumferen-tially above and below the renal vein, a faparoscopic vessel blockage clamp was used to partly occlude the vena cava containing the thrombus. The vena cava was repaired after the intact tumor thrombus was extracted. Results The tumor thrombus extended 0.3 cm and 1.0 cm above the renal vein, re-spectively. Both patients were discharged 5 d after operation. Pathological examinations showed that tumors were epithelioid renal angiomyolipoma and grade Ⅰ-Ⅱ clear cell carcinoma separately. Both patients were free of local recurrence and metastasis 5 months after operation. Conclusion Pure la- paroscopic radical nephrectomy and thrombectomy for renal tumor with vena caval and renal vein thrombus is feasible in carefully selected patients.

Objective To study the clinical features,diagnosis and treatment of bladder leiomyoma.Methods The clinical data of eight patients(3 men and 5 women)with bladder leiomyoma were analyzed retrospectively.Results The median age was 42 years ( range,27 -71 years).Three patients were treated with transurethral resection of bladder tumor( TURBT),two patients underwent partial cystectomy,two patients underwent enucleation of leiomyoma,and one patient underwent laparoscopic enucleation of leiomyoma of the bladder.The patients were well with no evidence of recurrent tumor after follow-up from 10 to 75 months.Conclusion Bladder leiomyoma is rare,surgery is the treatment of choice and technique depends on tumor size and localization.The laparoscopic approach seems to be an effective alternative in this group of tumors.

AIM: To investigate the different vasoactive effects of nitric oxide (NO) and endothelin (ET) on splanchnic arterial and venous vessels in cirrhotic rats. METHODS: Cirrhosis was induced in Wistar rats by subcutaneously administration of carbon tetrachloride. Maximal relaxation (Rmax) and contraction (Cmax) to NO and ET were determined in vitro using isolated vascular strips prepared from portal vein (PV) and mesenteric artery (MA) of both cirrhotic and normal rats, and EC50 was calculated for effects of NO and ET, respectively. RESULTS: Rmax of PV and MA to sodium nitroprusside (SNP) (releasing NO) were significantly higher in cirrhotic rats (n=8) than those in normal rats (n=7), and EC50 of NO were dramatically lower in cirrhotic rats than those in control (P

BACKGROUNDTo determine the antigenicity of HGV NS5 recombinant proteins expressed in E.coli.

METHODSHGV NS5a,NS5b and core/NS5b fusion genes were cloned into pThioC vector. Three expression plasmids were transformed into JM109(DE3) competent cells then expressed with induction by IPTG. Western blot and ELISA were used to determine the antigenicity after the three recombinant proteins were purified.

RESULTSAfter identification by restriction enzyme and sequencing, it was confirmed that the expressed was target proteins espected. Purified expression proteins were found strongly immunoreactive among anti HGV positive sera by Western blot and ELISA. Compared with mixed recombinant antigen (including core, NS5a synthetic peptide and NS3 recombinant proteins), in the 22 positive sera detected with mixed antigen, 68%(15/22), 90%(20/22) and 73%(16/22) were positive by P5a,P5b and Pc?5b antigens; In the 70 negative samples with mixed antigen, 7%(5/70), 1%(1/70) and 6%(4/70) were positive by P5a, P5b and Pc?5b antigens. The positive alone was found among RTPCR positive specimen using these recombinant antigens.

CONCLUSIONSNS5 gene expressed in E.coli?which couldn't be covered with other regions of antigens was one of the essential epitopes to HGV immunologic diagnosis.

Antibodies, Viral ; blood ; Antigens, Viral ; blood ; Epitopes ; immunology ; GB virus C ; genetics ; immunology ; Humans ; Plasmids ; genetics ; Recombinant Proteins ; biosynthesis ; immunology ; Viral Nonstructural Proteins ; genetics ; immunology

Background and purpose:The recurrence and metastasis of gastric cancer seriously affect survival in patients.SOX gene as a regulatory factor of the classical Wnt pathway, may play an important role in the process. This study was to explore the expression of stem cell marker SOX-2 and β-catenin in gastric cancer and to analyze the relationship with recurrence and metastasis after operation.Methods:Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of SOX-2 and β-catenin in 71 tumor samples from 71 cases after surgery for gastric cancer. The correlation between SOX-2 and β-catenin expression and the clinicopathological characteristics of gastric cancer and disease-free survival was analyzed.Results:The SOX-2 protein expression was associated with metastasis, lymph node inifltration or differentiation (P=0.011,P=0.036,P=0.034) in the 71 gastric cancer, but not with gender, age or T stage. β-catenin expression was correlated with metastasis, lymph node invasion or T stage (P=0.025,P=0.014,P=0.026), but was not related to differentiation, gender or age. The survival analysis showed that SOX-2 and β-catenin expression was closely associated with prognosis of patients, and metastatic rate in positive expression was higher than that in negative expression.Conclusion:The expression of SOX-2 and β-catenin is associated with the development, recurrence, metastasis of gastric cancer and may be used as a useful prognostic parameter to predict overall survival.

Stroke has increasingly become one of the three major diseases threatening human beings,among which acute ischemic stroke is the most common.Intravenous thrombolysis has become the first choice for acute ischemic stroke,but a large number of studies have shown that intravenous thrombolysis increases the risk of hemorrhagic transformation.The latest advances in clinical types,incidence,mechanism and risk factors of hemorrhagic transformation after thrombolysis with recombinant human tissue plasminogen activator are reviewed in this article,and the possible predictors of hemorrhagic transformation are discussed,aiming to provide new reference for clinical thrombolytic therapy.