Objective To investigate the characteristic and satisfaction degree of clinical applica-tion of "fingers pain score model" from the aspects of nurses and patients in order to evaluated the fea- sibility and pragmatism of the model. Methods "Fingers pain score model" was designed and to-gether with the NRS- 10 scale were applied in clinic for 2 years. Evaluation from both nurses and patients were in-vestigated after two-year probation, and the results underwent χ<'2> test. Results Evaluation from nurses on convenience, fidelity, communication and satisfaction of "fingers pain score model"were all sig-nificantly higher compared with the control. And evaluation from patients on direct-viewing,accuracy,re-ception and satisfaction of "fingers pain score model"were different from the NRS- 10 control, except for the fidelity. Conclusions Outweighing the NRS- 10 scale, the "fingers pain score model" is a better choice to meet the needs of the nurses and patients in pain evaluation in clinic.

Objective To observe the effect of aspirin intervention on thrombosis in lung cancer patients with peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC).Methods From December 2007 to June 2012,a total of 997 cases of lung cancer received PICC insertion in Shanghai Chest Hospital.The patients admitted from December 2007 to October 2011 were in the control group (n =562),while those admitted from November 2011to June 2012 were in the intervention group (n =435).The control group received conventional catheterization and saline tube sealing; the study group was treated with the modified Seldinger technique,oral administration of aspirin enteric tablets,and diluted heparin sodium tube sealing.Results The incidence of thrombosis was4.09％ (23/562) in the control group and 2.99％ (13/435) in the intervention group.In the control group,17 cases of thrombosis occurred within 1 week after catheter insertion,3 between 1 week to 1 month,and 3 after 1 month ; in the intervention group,4 cases of thrombosis occurred within 1 week after catheter insertion,5between 1 week to 1 month,and 4 after 1 month,presenting a significant difference compared with the control group (Z =-2.221,P =0.026).A significant intergroup difference was also observed in terms of thrombus location (Z =-2.066,P =0.039):in the control group,17 cases had thrombus in peripheral superficial vein,and 6 in supraclavicular vein or internal jugular vein; while in the intervention group,5 cases had thrombus in peripheral superficial vein,and 8 in supraclavicular vein or internal jugular vein.Conclusion The prophylactic oral administration of aspirin could effectively reduce the thrombosis in lung cancer patients treated with chemotherapy via PICC.

Objective To evaluate the clinical application value of Xpert detection system of Clostridium difficile (C.difficile).Methods A total of 43 stool specimens from the patients with diarrhea were collected,and C.difficile in stool specimens were detected by the Xpert detection system,the toxigenic culture method,and the toxin detection method which detected the toxin of C.difficile by VⅥDAS automatic analyzer after anaerobic culture,respectively.The analytic performance of Xpert detection system was evaluted based on the toxigenic culture method as the gold standard.Meanwhile,the consistency of the results from different detection methods was compared.The ribotype 027 strain (ATCC BAA-1870) simulating the stool specimen was further used to verify the Xpert detection system.Results Based on the gold standard of the toxigenic culture method,the sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value and negative predictive value of the Xpert detection system were 90.9％,93.8％,83.3％ and 96.8％,respectively.The Kappa values for the consistency between the Xpert detection system and the toxigenic culture method or the toxin detection method were 0.822 (P ＜ 0.05) and 0.419 (P ＜ 0.05),respectively.Moreover,the ribotype 027 strain simulating the stool specimen was verified by the Xpert detection system successfully.Conclusion The Xpert detection system may rapidly and accurately detect the C.difficile in stool specimens,especially the ribotype 027 strain with high toxicity.

Objective To evaluate the effects of iron dextran or iron sucrose on the stability of fat emulsion in total nutrient admixture (TNA) in pediatric settings.Methods TNA with different intravenous doses of iron sucrose or iron dextran (0.25,0.5,0.75,or 1.00 mg) were prepared,and each dose was prepared 10 bags.The TNAs were stored at 25 ℃ for 3 days,and the stability of fat emulsion was observed by electron scanning microscopy.Meanwhile,the pH and osmolality were also measured.Results The particle sizes of fat emulsions in TNA with different concentrations of iron sucrose or iron dextran at different time points were not significantly different (F =0.32,P =0.7836 ; F =1.73,P =0.1321,respectively).The mean particle size of the fat emulsion in each group was ＜ 0.5 μm within 72 hours.For TNA containing different concentrations of iron,the percentage of particles ＞ 0.5 μm,pH,and osmotic pressure showed no significant difference at different time points (percentage:F =1.47,P =0.3467 ; F =1.04,P =0.4758.pH:F =0.63,P =0.5942 ; F =0.46,P =0.6825.osmotic pressure:F =1.37,P =0.3648 ; F =0.65,P =0.6023).Conclusion The TNA addeded with iron sucrose or iron dextran with an concentrations of ＜ 1％ is stable.

AIM: To investigate the different vasoactive effects of nitric oxide (NO) and endothelin (ET) on splanchnic arterial and venous vessels in cirrhotic rats. METHODS: Cirrhosis was induced in Wistar rats by subcutaneously administration of carbon tetrachloride. Maximal relaxation (Rmax) and contraction (Cmax) to NO and ET were determined in vitro using isolated vascular strips prepared from portal vein (PV) and mesenteric artery (MA) of both cirrhotic and normal rats, and EC50 was calculated for effects of NO and ET, respectively. RESULTS: Rmax of PV and MA to sodium nitroprusside (SNP) (releasing NO) were significantly higher in cirrhotic rats (n=8) than those in normal rats (n=7), and EC50 of NO were dramatically lower in cirrhotic rats than those in control (P

The incidence of aging-induced heart failure has increased.Spermidine,spermine,and putrescine,the intermediate metabolites of polyamine metabolism,not only participate in an array of crucial molecular interactions with DNA,RNA,and proteins involved in gene transcription and cell division,but also change with aging and age-associated cardiac dysfunction.Detection of serum polyamine metabolites and B type natriuretic peptide(BNP)may open up new ways for the assessment of aging and aging-induced cardiac dysfunction.

The effects of pro-hepatocyte growth factor (pHGF) on the changes of renal cellular proliferative cycle of partial hepatectomized rats were observed by flow cytometry (FCM). S phase fraction (SPF) of control rats (group A) accounted for 7.58 % and increased gradually within 6 h, following a peak at 12th or 36th h after operation, but in pHGF-treated rats (group B) the peak appeared at 24th h after operation. Proliferation index (PI) of group A was 13.2%before partial hepatectomy, increased within 6 h and reached a peak at 12th or 36th h after operation, and in group B the peak appeared at 48th h after operation. There were significant differences in SPF and PI between two groups (P＜0.01). These findings suggest that pHGF may nonspecifically promote the DNA synthesis of renal cells.

The effects of pro-hepatocyte growth factor (pHGF) on the changes of renal cellular proliferative cycle of partial hepatectomized rats were observed by flow cytometry (FCM). S phase fraction (SPF) of control rats (group A) accounted for 7.58 % and increased gradually within 6 h, following a peak at 12th or 36th h after operation, but in pHGF-treated rats (group B) the peak appeared at 24th h after operation. Proliferation index (PI) of group A was 13.2%before partial hepatectomy, increased within 6 h and reached a peak at 12th or 36th h after operation, and in group B the peak appeared at 48th h after operation. There were significant differences in SPF and PI between two groups (P＜0.01). These findings suggest that pHGF may nonspecifically promote the DNA synthesis of renal cells.

The most difficult field in gene therapy is that vector system should offer both a means of successful transfection and a maximum of safety for the patient. Viral vectors and plasmid vectors are traditional vectors; they may cause unwanted immunological side effects resulting from the expression of nontherapeutic genes. Our aim is to develop a new general gene therapy vector which is suggested to be called as Micro-Linear Vector. The gene expression cassette is capped by our designed cap, including promoter, enhancer, objective gene, and RNA-stabilizing sequence, so it can defend the exnuclease in the eukaryotic cell, at the same time, DNA not encoding the objective gene is reduced to a minimum. The GFP gene is separated from the pEGFP-N3 plasmid, and acts as a reporter gene to construct the Micro-Linear Vector, then both the new vector and the plasmid are transfected to cells, the results are tested by fluorescence microscope and flow cytometry. The results show that the Micro-Linear Vector has a high effective of transfection and safety in 293, 3T3, CNE2 and B95-8 cell lines, at the same time it is less toxicity than the plasmid. We can get the rudiments of conclusion that Micro-Linear Vector has high effection of the transfection and more safety than tradition plasmid in eukaryotic cell.
3T3 Cells ; Animals ; CpG Islands ; Genetic Therapy ; methods ; Genetic Vectors ; genetics ; Green Fluorescent Proteins ; genetics ; Humans ; Kidney ; cytology ; Mice ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; genetics ; Transfection ; methods

Objective To investigate the optimal self care in lung cancer patients with peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) in ladder-type nursing training,network education,continuing nursing care clinics,and other forms of nursing mode care.Methods Based on the baselien data of patients in the control group and observation group,PICC self management ability,PICC quantitative data,PICC-related infections,thrombosis,and other complications were compared,and the impact of continued nursing platform on lung cancer patients with indwelling PICC was analyzed.Results In the observation group self management ability and health behavior is higher than that of the control group (P＜0.001).PICC catheter -related complications no difference with the control group (P＞0.05),Patient satisfaction of the observation group than the control group,the difference was statistically significant (92.18％ vs.79.00％,P=0.015).Conclusion The self care based on the continued nursing mode established by PICC speciality nurses can improve the self-management level of patients with PICC,reduce PICC-related complications,and increase the patient's satisfaction.