To investigate the high-risk factors for newborn hearing loss and to provide information for preventing the development of hearing loss and delaying its progression, from May 2003 to June 2006, neonates who failed to pass the universal newborn hearing screening (UNHS) were referred to Jinan Newborn Hearing Screening and Rehabilitation Center from 7 newborn hearing screening centers in seven cities of Shandong province. One-to-one pair-matched case-control method was employed for statistical analysis of the basic features of definitely identified cases. High-risk factors relating to the bilateral hearing loss were evaluated by univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analysis. Our results revealed that 721 transferred newborns who didn't pass the hearing screening received audiological and medical evaluation and 367 were confirmed to have hearing loss. Of them, 177 neonates with hearing loss who met the matching requirements were included in the study as subjects. Univariate analysis showed that high-risk factors related to hearing loss incuded age of father, education backgrounds of parents, parity, birth weight, gestational weeks, craniofacial deformity, history of receiving treatment in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), neonatal disease, family history of otopathy and family history of congenital hearing loss. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis revealed that 4 independent risk factors were related to bilateral hearing loss, including parity (OR=16.285, 95% CI 3.379-78.481), neonatal disease (OR=34.968, 95% CI 2.720-449.534), family history of congenital hearing loss (OR=69.488, 95% CI 4.417-1093.300) and birth weight (OR=0.241, 95% CI 0.090-0.648). It is concluded that parity, neonatal disease and family history of hearing loss are the promoting factors of bilateral hearing loss in neonates and appropriate intervention measures should be taken to deal with the risk factors.

Multiple kinds of Artificial Skin Substitute are now available. However, except for the Homo Skin Graft there is no Artificial Skin Substitute that can be used as permanent Artificial Skin Substitute. During the past 20 years, more and more scholars around the world have expressed increased interests in the research and development of Artificial Skin Graft that can be utilized as satisfying permanent Artificial Skin Substitute. We conducted our research on the biological evaluation of medical devices of Collagen-Chitosan(C-C) Artificial Skin Substitute according to the National Standard (GB/T16886. 1-1997). The following experiments were conducted: (1)Cytotoxicity, (2)Systemic toxicity(acute toxicity), (3)Haemocompatibility, (4)Sensitization, (5)Intracutaneous reactivity, (6)Pyrogen test, (7)Genotoxicity. The experiment results demonstrate that all biological functional indexes of the Artificial Skin Graft meet the National Standards. Therefore, we conclude that C-C Artificial Skin Graft is characteristic of good biological compatibility. It is non-irritant and has no systemic and cellular toxicity, no genotoxicity, no pyrogen, and no allergen.
Animals ; Chitosan ; toxicity ; Collagen ; toxicity ; Female ; Male ; Materials Testing ; Mice ; Random Allocation ; Skin, Artificial ; adverse effects

To investigate the high-risk factors for newborn heating loss and to provide information for preventing the development of hearing loss and delaying its progression, from May 2003 to June 2006, neonates who failed to pass the universal newborn hearing screening (UNHS) were referred to Jinan Newborn Hearing Screening and Rehabilitation Center from 7 newborn heating screening centers in seven cities of Shandong province. One-to-one pair-matched case-control method was employed for statistical analysis of the basic features of definitely identified cases. High-risk factors relating to the bilateral hearing loss were evaluated by univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analysis. Our results revealed that 721 transferred newborns who didn't pass the heating screening received audiological and medical evaluation and 367 were confirmed to have heating loss. Of them,177 neonates with heating loss who met the matching requirements were included in the study as subjects. Univariate analysis showed that high-risk factors related to hearing loss incuded age of father, education backgrounds of parents, parity, birth weight, gestational weeks, craniofacial deformity,history of receiving treatment in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), neonatal disease, family history of otopathy and family history of congenital hearing loss. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis revealed that 4 independent risk factors were related to bilateral hearing loss, including parity (OR=16.285, 95% CI 3.379-78.481), neonatal disease (OR=34.968, 95% CI 2.720-449.534),family history of congenital hearing loss (OR=69.488, 95% CI 4.417-1093.300) and birth weight (OR=0.241, 95% CI 0.090-0.648). It is concluded that parity, neonatal disease and family history of hearing loss are the promoting factors of bilateral hearing loss in neonates and appropriate intervention measures should be taken to deal with the risk factors.

OBJECTIVEIn this study, we employed newborn hearing screening and gene screening concurrently to explore the hearing loss associated with mutations in the city of Jinan.

METHODSA total of 3 288 newborns born between March 2013 and December 2013 in Jinan Maternity and Child Care Hospital received hearing concurrent genetic screening. Transiently evoked otoacoustic emissions (TEOAE) was used in rooming-in newborns, while TEOAE and auto auditory brainstem response (AABR) was used in infants in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Two drops of heel blood were harvested with filter paper. Nine mutations [GJB2 (235delC, 35delG, 299delAT, 176del16), SLC26A4 (IVS7-2A>G,2168 A>G), GJB3 (538 C>T), 12SrRNA (1555 A>G, 1494C>T)] of 4 frequent genes associated with Chinese hearing loss were determined by gene chip in these dried blood samples.

RESULTSAmong 3 288 newborns, 363 cases failed to pass the hearing screening, and 36 cases of these 363 newborns carried mutations, with a carrier rate of 9.91%. 2 925 cases passed the hearing screening, of which 113 carried mutations, with a carrier rate of 3.86%. There was a significantly statistic difference (χ2=8.67, P=0.000) in carrier rate between two groups. 149 (4.53%) infants were detected to carry at least one mutation allele,among which 113 cases passed the hearing screening and 36 cases failed. Seven cases were diagnosed to have hearing loss. Homozygous GJB2 mutation was detected in 2 cases, compound heterozygous GJB2 mutation was detected in 1 case, and heterozygous GJB2 mutation in 88 cases. There were 91 cases carried GJB2 mutations totally, with a total rate of 2.76%. There were 40 cases were detected to carry heterozygous SLC26A4 mutation, with a carrier rate of 1.22%. Nine cases had heterozygous GJB3 mutation, with a carrier rate of 0.27%. Six cases had homogeneous mitochondria 12SrRNA mutation, and 1 had heterogeneous mutations. There were 7 cases totally, with a total rate of 0.21%. 142 infants with gene mutation should be follow-up.

CONCLUSIONA follow-up system in infants, passed hearing screening,with single heterozygous mutation and mutations associated with drug-induced hearing loss, can help to detect infants with hearing defects early and effectively prevent late-onset hearing impairment.

Alleles ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Connexin 26 ; Connexins ; genetics ; DNA Mutational Analysis ; Evoked Potentials, Auditory, Brain Stem ; Genetic Testing ; Hearing Loss ; diagnosis ; Hearing Tests ; Heterozygote ; Homozygote ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Membrane Transport Proteins ; genetics ; Mutation ; Neonatal Screening ; RNA, Ribosomal ; genetics