Objective:To investigate the anti-tumor effect of tetrandrine on human liver cancer cell line 7402 in vitro.Effects of tetrandrine on proliferation and apoptosis of human liver cancer cell 7402 were observed.Methods:The effects of tetrandrine on proliferation of 7402 cells was observed by MTT assay and clonogenic assay.Apoptosis was observed by acridine orange(AO)/ethidium bromide(EB) Fluorescent staining?DNA gel electrophoresis and flow cytometry,and the expression of apoptosis related gene was analyzed by immunohistochemical staining method.Results:Tetrandrine inhibits the proliferation of 7402 cells in a dose dependent manner and induces apoptosis.Immunohistochemical staining showed that the expression of Bcl-2 was decreased and the expression of Bax was increasd in 7402 cells treated with tetrandrine.Conclusion:Tetrandrine inhibits the proliferation of 7402 in the dose dependent manner,and induces apoptosis.The antitumor effect of tetrandrine may be due to the regulation of the expressions of Bcl-2 and Bax.

Objective To study the clinical characteristics of hospitalized patients with pericardial effusion.Methods Four hundred and sixty-three pericardial effusion patients (211 males and 252 females) aged 5-92 (57.1±19.4) years admitted to Peking University People's Hospital were divided into 5-39 years old group (n=92),40-59 years old group (n=138),and 60-92 years old group (n=233).Their clinical data were analyzed.Results The top 3 etilogical factors of pericardial perfusion were tumor (22.7％),immune disease (15.8％) and unknown reasons (14.7％).The incidence of pericardial effusion due to immune disease and hypothyroidism was significantly higher while that of pericardial effusion due to chronic renal disease and tuberculosis was significantly lower in female patients than in male patients (P＜0.05,P＜0.01).The incidence of pericardial effusion due to immune disease,unknown reasons and hematopathy was significantly different in 3 groups (33.7％ vs 18.8％ vs 6.9％,9.8％ vs 8.0％ vs 20.6％,18.5％ vs 13.8％ vs 3.0％,P＜0.01).The most common risk factors for pericardial effusion were heart failure,infection,hypoproteinemia and renal insufficiency,with infection accounting for 61.6％.Conclusion ≥1risk factors can aggravate pericardial effusion in most pericardial effusion patients

Objective To investigate the expression of β-catenin and Oct-4 in colonal carcinoma and explore the relationship with recurrence and metastasis after operation. MethodsImmunohistochemical analysis was used to evaluate the expression of β-catenin and Oct-4.The correlation of β-catenin and Oct-4 expression with tumor cell differentiation,T stage,N stage and metastasis was analyzed.The gene expression of Oct-4 was examined by RT-PCR in 20 frozen tumor tissues and normal tissues adjacent to tumor.Results Thirty-five patients had metastasis. The positive rates of β-catenin and Oct-4 expression were significantly higher in metastasis group than in the non-metastasis group (65.71％ vs 31.11％,51.43 ％vs 13.33 ％,x2 =9.843,P =0.002,x2 =13.605,P =0.001).Expression of β-catenin and Oct-4 was not associated with differentiation,T stage or N stage.The positive expression rate of Oct-4 in colonal carcinoma tissues was significantly higher than that in normal tissues.Metastatic rates in patients with positive expression of β-catenin and Oct-4 was higher than that in negative expression.The survival analysis showed that time of metastasis was significantly different in two groups of patients (P ＜0.05).Conclusion The expression of β-catenin and Oct-4 in tumor tissues is related to metastasis of colonal cancer after surgery and might be used to predict metastasis of colonal cancer after operation.

Primary esophageal small cell carcinoma (PESCC) is a rare disease first described by McKeown in 1952. PESCC is characterized by high malignancy, distant metastasis, and poor prognosis. The incidence of PESCC has significantly increased world-wide in recent years. However, practice guidelines that concern the histological origin, clinical diagnosis methods, therapies, and prog-nosis of PESCC are still not well established because of the paucity of cases and lack of large prospective randomized research. This ar-ticle aims to outline recent advances in the clinical and therapeutic aspects of PESCC as well as review the different opinions concerned to better understand PESCC and solve clinical problems.

Objective To compare the short-term efficacy and adverse effects of docetaxe or oxaliplatin combined with capecitabine in the treatment of late-staged gastric cancer in aged patients. Methods Eighty-two aged patients with late-staged gastric cancer were randomly divided into two groups,of which 38 patients were treated group) ,and 44 patients were treated with oxaliplatin (100 mg/m2 ivgtt on 1st day) and eapecitabine (2000 mg/1 cycle). Results There is no failure of follow-up. In the docetaxe group,the effective rate was 52.63% (20/38) and 54.55 % (24/44) for the docetaxe and oxaliplatin group,respectively (P>0.05). The median progression-free survival(PFS) in the docetaxe group (6.1 months) was similar to that in the oxaliplatin group (6.3 months) (P>0.05). Gastrointestinal response,myelosuppression and neurotoxicity (Ⅰ or Ⅱ level) were the most common ad-verse effects observed in both groups (P>0.05). No chemotherapy-related death was observed. Conclusions The short-term efficacy of decetaxe or oxaliplatin combined with capecitabine in the treatment of late-staged gastric cancer in aged patients is similar,and the adverse effects are all within tolerance limits.

Background and purpose:Rectal small cell carcinoma is high malignant tumor and prone to early metastasis. It is rare in the clinical and its prognosis is poor. The aim of this article was to analyze clinical characteristics and summarize the diagnosis,treatment and prognosis of rectal small cell carcinoma.Methods:Clinical data of 16 cases with rectal small cell carcinoma conifrmed by pathology from Jan. 2001 to Jan. 2013 in the Tumor Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University Hospital were analyzed retrospectively.Results:Among the 16 rectal small cell carcinoma patients (mean age is 58.5 years), 9 were male, 7 were female; 4 cases in stageⅡ, 7 cases in stageⅢ and 5 cases in stageⅣ. Ten cases underwent surgical treatment, of which 6 cases underwent radical surgery, 4 cases underwent palliative surgery;6 cases received chemotherapy alone, 2 cases received chemoradiotherapy, 2 cases did not receive any treatment postoperatively. Five cases were lost opportunity for operation, of which 3 cases underwent chemotherapy alone and 2 cases underwent chemoradiotherapy. One case did not receive any treatment. Among 10 cases of resection of the lesions, 5 cases had vascular invasion and 7 cases had local lymph node metastasis. All patients received 7-65 months of follow-up. The median survival was 15.4 months. The 6 months, 1 year, 2 years, 3 years and 5 years survival rates were 58.4%, 46.2%, 26.6%, 13.1% and 6.2% respectively. The prognosis of patients was associated with tumor staging, presence of vascular invasion and lymph node metastasis, and type of operation (P<0.05); but not related to age, gender and tumor size (P>0.05).Conclusion:The biologic behavior of rectal small cell carcinoma which is a rare disease and similar to small cell lung cancer, and its prognosis is poor. Treatment methods include surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. The overall result is poor.

Objective: To explore the clinical characteristics, treatment strategy and prognosis of adenoid cystic carcinoma of the head and neck (ACCHN). Methods: A retrospective analysis of the clinical and follow-up treatment of 79 patients with ACCHN from June 2008 to July 2017 was conducted in the Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University. Results: A total of 79 ACCHN cases, including 31 males and 48 females. The age ranged from 19 to 77 (median, 52). The clinical manifestations of ACC were related to the locations of primary tumor.The mean size of the tumor was 2.6 cm (range from 1.5 to 7.7 cm). 50 of 79 patients with a definitive pathological diagnosis received surgical resection. 59 cases received chemotherapy and 62 cases received radiotherapy. With a median follow-up of 55 months, the 5-year, 10-year survival rate of these patients were 69.6% and 54.4%, respectively. Conclusions ACCHN is an uncommon neoplasm with the characteristics of epithelial nerve growth, being inclined to distant metastasis, and high early misdiagnosis rate. The clinical manifestation, imaging and pathological result are need to be combined together to diagnose ACCHN.

Objective: To analyze the clinical efficacy of thalidomide combined with TP regimen (taxol+cisplatin) in treatment of advanced gastric cancer. Methods: A total of 60 patients with advanced gastric cancer in the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University from February 2016 to March 2018 were enrolled. The patients were divided into two groups by using random number table method: the observation group (32 cases) taking thalidomide, oral administration 100 mg based on TP regimen before going to bed; the control group (28 cases) taking TP regimen chemotherapy only. Both groups received 75 mg/m² doses of cisplatin, intravenous infusion, 25 mg/m² per day, for 3 d. Paclitaxel dose was 150 mg/m², intravenous infusion for 1 day, 3-week was one course, and the efficacy was evaluated after at least 2 course of treatment. Results: The incidence of gastrointestinal adverse reactions including nausea and vomiting was 21.8% (7/32) in the observation group, and was 64.3% (18/28) in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (χ ² = 11.051, P = 0.001), but there were no statistically significant differences in the incidence of morning faint, constipation, bone marrow suppression, liver and kidney injury and other adverse reactions between the two groups (all P > 0.05). The effective rates in the observation group and the control group were 43.8% (14/32) and 39.3% (11/28), respectively, and the disease control rates in the observation group and the control group were 84.4% (27/32) and 78.6% (22/28), respectively. There were no significant differences in the effective rates and the disease control rates between the two groups (χ ² = 0.122, P = 0.726; χ² = 0.336, P = 0.562). The improvement and significant improvement rate of sleeping quality, pain, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) score was 71.9% (23/32), 53.1% (17/32), 56.2% (18/32), respectively in the observation group, and 17.9% (5/28), 14.3% (4/28), 21.4% (6/28), respectively in the control group, and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (all P < 0.05). Conclusions Thalidomide combined with TP regimen in treatment of advanced gastric cancer patients can improve the efficacy of chemotherapy and the quality of life. It also has a good tolerance to side effects.

Objective To explore the heredity susceptibility of children to Kawasaki disease (KD) through studying expression and genomic density polymorphism of peripheral erythrocyte complement receptor-1 (ECRI). Methods Thirty cases of KD patients and 28 cases of healthy children were included in this study. The rates of red blood cell (RBC)-C3bRR and RBC-ICR were detected by method described elsewhere. The ECR1 activity and genomic density polymorphism were detected by Hind Ⅲ restriction enzyme digestion polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. Results Rates of RBCoC3bRR of KD patients during the acute phase was significantly lower than that of the control group (P < 0.01), and remained lower than the control group during the recovering phase (P < 0.05). The rates of RBC-ICR were significantly higher in KD patients than that of the control group (P < 0.05). Frequencies of HL and LL genotypes of KD patients were more than those of the control group (P < 0.01). A significant difference was found in the frequency distribution of ECR1 genotype between the two groups (P < 0.01). L allele frequency in the patient group was higher than that in the control group. Conclusions Depressed RBC immune function in KD patients may be linked to the high frequency of L allele, which implies the genomic density polymorphism of ECR1 play an important role in determining susceptibility to Kawasaki disease. (J Clin Pediatr,2010,28(2):160-163)

Background and purpose:The recurrence and metastasis of gastric cancer seriously affect survival in patients.SOX gene as a regulatory factor of the classical Wnt pathway, may play an important role in the process. This study was to explore the expression of stem cell marker SOX-2 and β-catenin in gastric cancer and to analyze the relationship with recurrence and metastasis after operation.Methods:Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of SOX-2 and β-catenin in 71 tumor samples from 71 cases after surgery for gastric cancer. The correlation between SOX-2 and β-catenin expression and the clinicopathological characteristics of gastric cancer and disease-free survival was analyzed.Results:The SOX-2 protein expression was associated with metastasis, lymph node inifltration or differentiation (P=0.011,P=0.036,P=0.034) in the 71 gastric cancer, but not with gender, age or T stage. β-catenin expression was correlated with metastasis, lymph node invasion or T stage (P=0.025,P=0.014,P=0.026), but was not related to differentiation, gender or age. The survival analysis showed that SOX-2 and β-catenin expression was closely associated with prognosis of patients, and metastatic rate in positive expression was higher than that in negative expression.Conclusion:The expression of SOX-2 and β-catenin is associated with the development, recurrence, metastasis of gastric cancer and may be used as a useful prognostic parameter to predict overall survival.