The present higher education curriculum gets adrift from the present modern anesthesiology development seriously.Clinical young doctors generally lack anaesthesia knowledge and first aid skill.It's impossible for them to gain anesthesiology knowledge and the skill through continuing medical education.We should adjust education curriculum to increase the teaching hours of anesthesiology course for clinical medicine undergraduate.

Objective To construct the prokaryotic expression system of reteplase fusion protein and research the effect of chaperones on its renaturation. Methods Inserted the reteplase gene into the prokaryotie expression vector PET32a and then expressed it by the induction of IPTG in E. coli BL21. Researched the effect of chaperones on the renaturation of fusion protein by adding different chaperones. Results The analysis of SDS-PAGE and Western blot indicated that reteplase fusion protein was expressed correctly. Chaperones DsbA,pKJE7,pTf16 had the conspicu-ous effect on the renaturation of fusion protein. The result of activity assay indicated that the refolded reteplase fu-sion protein had fibrinolytic activity. Conclusion Chaperones can promote renaturation of reteplase fusion protein.

Objective To investigate the effect of imbedding chemotherapy of sustained release of 5-fluorouracil on the healing of colonic stoma in dog. Methods Twenty-eight adult hybrid dogs were randomly divided into chemotherapy group (n=22) and control group (n=6). The canine sigmoid colon were firstly detached and then anastomosed via median abdominal incision, 200 mg sustained release of 5-fluorouracil was imbedded in the mesentery 1.0-1.5 cm away from colonic stoma in chemotherapy group, whereas the control substance was injected into the dogs in control group. Tissue samples were collected from mesentery and stomas on 3, 5, 7, 10 and 15 days after operation, respectively, in order to observe the healing of stoma. The drug concentrations in the stoma and in the tissues that were 0, 1, 3, 5, 7, 10 and 15 cm away from the imbedding point were also measured by high performance liquid chromatography method at different phases. Results The tissues from colonic stoma only showed inflammatory reaction at early stage, with no necrosis and cellular degeneration. It was observed that the stoma healed basically on the tenth day after operation. The drug concentrations in the tissues gradually decreased at the range of 0-15 cm over time, but all of which were higher than the anti-tumor effective concentration (0.10 ?g/g). Conclusion The imbedding chemotherapy of sustained release of 5-fluorouracil in mesentery has little effect on the healing of stoma, and it could remain an effective anti-tumor concentration in a period of time.

Objective To discuss the clinical efficacy between the small skull-window microsurgical surgery and conventional trauma craniotomy in the treatment of hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage .Methods The clinical data of patients with hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage treated with two different approaches from January 2010 to October 2014 were analyzed retrospectively .Re-sults The re-hemorrhage rate of patients treated with conventional trauma craniotomy was relatively low ,compared with patients treated with small skull-window microsurgical surgery .small skull-window microsurgical surgery was superior than conventional trauma craniotomy in the incidence of postoperative complications ,disability rate and patients′ hospitalization time(P< 0 .05) .Con-clusion Small skull-window microsurgical surgery is superior than conventional trauma craniotomy .

Objective To observe changes of cell cycle after stable silencing of SNCG gene in human endometrial carcinoma HEC-1A cells.Methods Flow cytometry was used to observe the changes of SNCG stable silencing HEC-1A cell growth cycle.The percentage of G2/M phase of HCE-1A cells after acridine orange staining was observed by laser scanning confocal microscopy.Results Flow cytometry results showed that the group of SNCG stable silencing in G1 and G2/M phase of the cells increased,but the percentage of cells in the S phase were decreased,the difference were both statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).The results of cells after confocal microscopy observation of acridine orange staining,the group of SNCG stable silencing were observed in G2/M phase high percentage were statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Two experimental methods commonly validated that the cell cycle of SNCG stable silencing on HEC-1A cells was arrested in G2/M phase,suggesting that SNCG gene is closely related to the cell growth cycle of endometrial carcinoma.

Objective To measure the content of trace heavy metal in the medicinal leech and provide references for quality control.Methods In this study, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) was used to determine the content of 6 heavy metal elements in different parts of the medicinal leeches from various places of origin.Results Content of mercury, lead and cadmium of leeches from different habitats met the current national standards, arsenic in some samples is beyond the current national standard, while the content of cuprum and chromium in medicinal leeches exceeded the current national standards.There were significant differences in trace heavy metal amount in different parts of the leeches.Most heavy metal accumulated at tail, some at middle part, and less at head.Conclusion The results suggest there are significant differences in heavy mental content among medicinal leeches from different places of origin and different parts of leeches.This study provides important references for quality control of medicinal leeches.

Mindfulness training has shown beneficial effects on cognitive functions in older adults.Howev-er,the studies on this topic have used different methods and populations,and their results were inconsistent.No sys-tematic review has synthesized and evaluated these findings.This review aims to address this gap by categorizing the studies based on the training methods and cohorts of older adults,and summarizing the effects of mindfulness training on cognitive function.The review finds that mindfulness training had different effects depending on the lev-el of cognitive decline and the training method.Both standardized and unstandardized training methods improved cognitive performance in older adults with normal or subjective cognitive decline.However,the effect of mindful-ness training diminished as cognitive decline worsened,being inconsistent in mild cognitive impairment and non-sig-nificant in dementia.The review also discusses the possible mechanisms and suggested directions for future re-search.

OBJECTIVETo investigated the curative effect of autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (ASCT) for malignant lymphoma.

METHODSThe clinical data of 81 patients with malignant lymphoma received ASCT from April 1999 to October 2013 were retrospectively analyzed. Of 81 patients, 70 were non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) and 11 Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL). High dose of etoposide combined with G-CSF was used to mobilize peripheral hematopoietic stem cell. Preconditioning regimen was BEAM (carmustine + cytarabine + etoposide + melphalan).

RESULTSEnough peripheral blood stem cells were collected from all patients. All of the patients after transplantation achieved hematopoietic reconstitution, the median time of the absolute neutrophil count (ANC) recovery to >0.5×10⁹/L time was 10(7-16) d, and the median time of platelet count recovery to >20×10⁹/L was 10(6-17) d. With the follow-up of 23(2-139) months, progression free survival (PFS) was 72.7%, and overall survival (OS) was 88.6%. The median PFS and OS were not reached. Complete remission (CR) before ASCT was an independent prognostic factor of PFS. No transplant related death happened.

CONCLUSIONASCT was a safe and effective method for treatment of malignant lymphoma.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; Humans ; Lymphoma ; therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Transplantation, Autologous

Antrodia cinnamomea is extensively used as a traditional medicine to prevention and treatment of liver cancer. However, its comprehensive chemical fingerprint is uncertain, and the mechanisms, especially the potential therapeutic target for anti-hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are still unclear. Using UPLC‒Q-TOF/MS, 139 chemical components were identified in A. cinnamomea dropping pills (ACDPs). Based on these chemical components, network pharmacology demonstrated that the targets of active components were significantly enriched in the pathways in cancer, which were closely related with cell proliferation regulation. Next, HCC data was downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus database (GEO). The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and DisGeNET were analyzed by bioinformatics, and 79 biomarkers were obtained. Furtherly, nine targets of ACDP active components were revealed, and they were significantly enriched in PI3K/AKT and cell cycle signaling pathways. The affinity between these targets and their corresponding active ingredients was predicted by molecular docking. Finally, in vivo and in vitro experiments showed that ACDPs could reduce the activity of PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and downregulate the expression of cell cycle-related proteins, contributing to the decreased growth of liver cancer. Altogether, PI3K/AKT-cell cycle appears as the significant central node in anti-liver cancer of A. Cinnamomea.

Esophageal squamous-cell carcinoma (ESCC) is one of the most lethal malignancies in the world and occurs at particularly higher frequency in China. While several genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of germline variants and whole-genome or whole-exome sequencing studies of somatic mutations in ESCC have been published, there is no comprehensive database publically available for this cancer. Here, we developed the Chinese Cancer Genomic Database-Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma (CCGD-ESCC) database, which contains the associations of 69,593 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with ESCC risk in 2022 cases and 2039 controls, survival time of 1006 ESCC patients (survival GWAS) and gene expression (expression quantitative trait loci, eQTL) in 94 ESCC patients. Moreover, this database also provides the associations between 8833 somatic mutations and survival time in 675 ESCC patients. Our user-friendly database is a resource useful for biologists and oncologists not only in identifying the associations of genetic variants or somatic mutations with the development and progression of ESCC but also in studying the underlying mechanisms for tumorigenesis of the cancer. CCGD-ESCC is freely accessible at http://db.cbi.pku.edu.cn/ccgd/ESCCdb.
Aged ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; genetics ; China ; epidemiology ; Databases, Genetic ; Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma ; genetics ; Female ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Genetic Variation ; Genome-Wide Association Study ; Humans ; Internet ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; genetics ; User-Computer Interface