Objective To study the effect of the custom of long term chewing lime tobacco on human tooth enamel electron spin resonance (ESR) dosimetry. Methods A total of 20 enamel samples from lingual parts of adults teeth collected in Bombay, India were obtained by mechanical method. Some enamel samples from Japanese adults were extracted and 10 mixed samples were prepared. Enamel samples were exposed to different doses of 60Co γ-rays several times, and ESR spectra were measured after exposure. Results ESR background signals of 9 Bombay samples were found 1.5-3.3 times higher than those of Japanese mixed samples. The γ-ray dose responses of dosimetric signal with higher background level were a little lower, and the average sensitivity was (0.42 ± 0.03 )mGy, which was close to that of Japanese mixed samples. Conclusions The average level of background signals of Bombay samples was much higher than that of other non-chewing tobacco area, which was possibly caused by tobacco lime, the main component in chewing tobacco productions, and it would help to explore its special influences on ESR, and improve dose reconstruction in accuracy.

Objective To investigate solar radiation and its effects on human tooth enamel electron spin resonance (ESR) dosimetry. Methods 11 tooth enamel samples were prepared by mechanical method. The intensity of solar iUuminanee was measured with a light meter, the measured illuminance was converted to insolation using a coefficient. Summation of solar radiation was evaluated. Enamel samples were exposed to 60 Co γ rays followed by sunlight on sunny days, and ESR spectra were scanned after different exposure. Results The solar radiation to the samples was (580 ± 16) MJ/m2. Solar exposure also caused dosimetrie signal. The perpendicular component of dosimetrie signal increased linearly with the amount of solar radiation, another signal close to background tended to saturation. Conclusions The average effect of the solar radiation on the signal was be used to recognize the effect of solar radiation on the enamel, and estimate external dose accurately.

Objectlve To study the properties of goat tooth enamel electron spin resonance (ESR)dosimetry.Methods Tootll enamel samples of goats were achieved by combined mechanical and chemical treatment at the ages of l,2,3,5,and 6 years.respectively and 9 enamel samples of adult molar were obtained.These enamel samples were exposed to 137Cs γ-rays at the cumulative doses of 0,0.5,1.0,2.0,and 5.0 Gy,respectively.ESR spectra Was measured before and after exposure.Results The background signal of goat tooth samples W88 21.5,significantly lower than that of the adult molar samples(39.5).The dusimetric signal intensity of the goat enamel increased with the radiation dose in a linear manner just as that of the human molars.The average radiation sensitivity of the goat tooth samples was(34.3±1.9)/Gy,close to that of the human tooth samples.Conclusions Goat teeth can be used for retrospective radiation dose reconstruction when human teeth are unavailable,in order to previde scientific data for dose reconstruction accurately.

Objective To investigate the effect of the histological changes on rat dorsal root ganglia (DRG) after 125I seed brachytherapy.Methods Twelve adult male Sprague-Dawley rats ( 150-180g each) were randomly divided into 6 groups,125I seeds with different activities of 0 (Titanium shell),14.8,18.5,22.2,25.9 and 29.6 MBq were implanted to 6 groups of rats respectively and the behavioral changes of rats were observed.The rats were killed in different periods after implantation,the morphological changes in DRG and surrounding muscle tissue were observed with an Olympus BX51 optical microscope and then the irradiation doses were estimated.Results After 125I seed implantation,the movement function of rats was not affected and the weight of rats gained after 7 days.After the titanium shell implantation,very few mild swelling was induced in neuroganglion cells that still had clear nucleolus and normal cytoplasm.At 14 days after 18.5 MBq seed implantation,cell swelling was more serious and cell dehydrating,nuclear condensation and nuclear fragmentation appeared after 30 days.At 60 days after 29.6 MBq of seed implantation,nuclear dissolution and cytoplasmic shrinkage were induced in a large number of cells.In general,the severity of fibrosis was aggravated with the time post-irradiation and the dose in the muscles around the ganglion.Conclusions After 125I seed implantation,the injury degree of DRG tissue is dose-dependent,and the 125I seed irradiation would have analgesic effect on releasing intractable pain.

BACKGROUND: There is no study addressing transplantation of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells for the treatment of spinocerebellar ataxia.OBJECTIVE: To study the clinical effect of human umbilical cord stem cells transplantation in the treatment of autosomal dominant spinocerebellar ataxias. METHODS: Spinocerebellar ataxias patients selected from Stem Transplantation Center of the 455 Hospital of Chinese PLA were treated with umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells transplantation via intrathecal injection. The number of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells was 107 per transplantation, once per week, for 4 weeks.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Both the total score of the International Cooperative Ataxia Rating Scale and Activities of Daily Living score were significantly decreased at 1 month after transplantation compared with before treatment (P < 0.05). The nerve function was significantly improved and the total effective rate was up to 16.7%. Experimental findings indicate that, transplantation of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells via intrathecal injection is a feasible and effective treatment to ameliorate the clinical efficacy of spinocerebellar ataxias patients and improve their quality of life.

【Objective】 To investigate the professional value and its influencing factors of blood bank staff in Jiangsu Province, in order to promote the cultural construction and personnel management, therefore promote the sustainable development of blood industry. 【Methods】 From September to October, 2019, 950 employees of blood banks in Jiangsu Province were investigated in terms of age, education, length of employment, background and other demographic sociological conditions, as well as occupation intention, social evaluation and occupation evaluation through questionnaire, and the internal and external factors affecting the professional value were analyzed. 【Results】 Results showed that the employees of blood banks investigated had no strong occupation intention (3.85 points, ), but viewed their professional value as fair (4.54 points), and thought that the blood industry was underestimated by society (3.27 points). They valued material income and treatment (4.66, 4.75 points), but did not pay much attention to career development ( <4.5 points). 【Conclusion】 The main external factor influencing the professional value of blood bank employees is career development, and internal factors are education background and the income of employees′ parents. Blood banks should enhance social status, correctly guide the professional value of employees, and optimize the employee training.

OBJECTIVE To understand the information labeling of children’s medication in the instructions of antitussive and expectorant drugs commonly used in children’s medical institutions， analyze the existing problems， and propose relevant suggestions. METHODS The instructions for 100 antitussive and expectorant drugs commonly used in 20 tertiary children’s hospitals （centers） and 14 maternal and child health hospitals （centers） with regional representativeness in China were collected， and the information labeling of children’s medication in the instructions was investigated and analyzed. RESULTS There were only 7 kinds of antitussive and expectorant drugs for children， and the others were non-specific drugs for children. Among antitussive and expectorant drugs， tablets accounted for 18.00%， injections for 18.00%， and capsules for 4.00%. Among 100 antitussive and expectorant drugs， 72 （72.00%） labeled the usage and dosage for children， 63 （63.00%） labeled the medication items for children， 59 （59.00%） indicated the information of children in the precautions， and pharmacokinetic parameters for children were absent. Compared with imported antitussive and expectorant drugs or the drugs manufactured by joint ventures， there were many missing labeling of medication information for children with Chinese drugs. Among 63 kinds of drug instructions labeled with medication items for children， various instructions information had little guiding significance. CONCLUSIONS There is a lack of labeling in the instructions of antitussive and expectorant drugs for children， and the proportion of special drugs for children remains low. Pediatric drug information in the instructions has little guiding significance for pediatric medication. Relevant departments should further promote the completeness of pediatric medication information in the instructions of antitussive and expectorant drugs to ensure the rational use of children’s medication.

BACKGROUND: In recent years, the technique of uniportal video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery has been developed. As a new surgical method, its feasibility and safety have not been generally recognized. The aim of this study is to review the technology in the treatment of lung cancer patients in stage I to part of stage IIIa. METHODS: The clinical data of patients accepted thoracoscopic resection of lung cancer by a same medical group from May 2018 to March 2019 in The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University were retrospectively analyzed. After remove of cases that did not meet the requirements, the patients were divided into uniportal group (55 cases) and biportal group (87 cases). The clinical data of the two groups were collected and statistically analyzed. RESULTS: All the 142 patients underwent lobectomy and systemic lymph node dissection. There is no perioperative death in both groups. There was no significant difference in age, location of tumors, pathological type, size of tumors and pathological tumor-node-metastasis (pTNM) staging between uniportal group and biportal group (P>0.05). The operation time [(167.65±43.85) min vs (181.71±51.28) min], the intraoperative bleeding volume [(57.45±50.19) mL vs (87.47±132.54) mL], the indwelling time of drainage tube [(4.82±2.82) d vs (5.84±3.43) d] and the hospital stay [(6.91±3.88) d vs (7.74±3.87) d] were less in uiportal group compared to biportal group, though no significant difference occurred (P>0.05 ). The total drainage volume of uniportal group was significantly lower than that of biportal group [(1,064.82±776.38) mL vs (1,658.71±1,722.38) mL], and the visual analogue score of 24 hours and 72 hours after operation [(4.73±0.73) points vs (5.25±0.74) points; (2.16±0.71) points vs (2.55±0.86) points] were lower in uniportal group (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Uniportal video-assisted thoracoscopic radical resection of lung cancer is safe and feasible for stage I to part of stage IIIa lung cancer patients.

BACKGROUND: China bears the biggest atrial fibrillation (AF) burden in the world. However, little is known about the incidence and predictors of AF. This study aimed to investigate the current incidence of AF and its electrocardiographic (ECG) predictors in general community individuals aged over 60 years in China. METHODS: This was a prospective cohort study, recruiting subjects who were aged over 60 years and underwent annual health checkups from April to July 2015 in four community health centers in Songjiang District, Shanghai, China. The subjects were then followed up from 2015 to 2019 annually. Data on sociodemographic characteristics, medical history, and the resting 12-lead ECG were collected. Kaplan-Meier curve was used for showing the trends in AF incidence and calculating the predictors of AF. Associations of ECG abnormalities and AF incidence were examined using Cox proportional hazard models. RESULTS: This study recruited 18,738 subjects, and 351 (1.87%) developed AF. The overall incidence rate of AF was 5.2/1000 person-years during an observation period of 67,704 person-years. Multivariable Cox regression analysis indicated age (hazard ratio [HR], 1.07; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.06-1.09; P < 0.001), male (HR, 1.30; 95% CI: 1.05-1.62; P = 0.018), a history of hypertension (HR, 1.55; 95% CI: 1.23-1.95; P < 0.001), a history of cardiac diseases (HR, 3.23; 95% CI: 2.34-4.45; P < 0.001), atrial premature complex (APC) (HR, 2.82; 95% CI: 2.17-3.68; P < 0.001), atrial flutter (HR, 18.68; 95% CI: 7.37-47.31; P < 0.001), junctional premature complex (JPC) (HR, 3.57; 95% CI: 1.59-8.02; P = 0.002), junctional rhythm (HR, 18.24; 95% CI: 5.83-57.07; P < 0.001), ventricular premature complex (VPC) (HR, 1.76; 95% CI: 1.13-2.75, P = 0.012), short PR interval (HR, 5.49; 95% CI: 1.36-22.19; P = 0.017), right atrial enlargement (HR, 6.22; 95% CI: 1.54-25.14; P = 0.010), and pacing rhythm (HR, 3.99; 95% CI: 1.57-10.14; P = 0.004) were independently associated with the incidence of AF. CONCLUSIONS The present incidence of AF was 5.2/1000 person-years in the studied population aged over 60 years in China. Among various ECG abnormalities, only APC, atrial flutter, JPC, junctional rhythm, short PR interval, VPC, right atrial enlargement, and pacing rhythm were independently associated with AF incidence.
Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Aged ; Atrial Fibrillation/epidemiology* ; Prospective Studies ; Incidence ; Atrial Flutter/complications* ; Risk Factors ; China/epidemiology* ; Electrocardiography